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Processes of Life – Summary Exercise Answers
DO NOT WRITE ON THE SHEETS
1. Copy and complete the table into your jotters. The first one has been
done for you.
A
I
H
G
F
B
C
E
Letter
A
B
C
D
Name of part
eyepiece
Objective lens
Stage
Mirror
E
Base/Foot
F
Clips
G
Handle
H
Fine Focus knob
I
Rough Focus Knob
D
Function
To magnify
To magnify
Holds the slide
shines light
through what
you want to see
To keep the
instrument
stable
Hold the slide in
position
To hold the
microscope
gives you a sharp
picture with
small
adjustments
Gets a sharp
picture with
large
adjustments
2. The diagram shows a plant cell. Label the parts A to D.
E
E
D
A
B
C
B
B
A = Cell wall
B = Nucleus
C =Cytoplasm
D = Vacuole
E = Cell Membrane
3. The diagram shows an animal cell. Label the parts G, H and I.
I
G
H
G = Nucleus
H = Cell Membrane
I = Cytoplasm
4. Copy and complete the table:
Name of cell part
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Function
Controls the activity of the cell
Contains a green chemical
Contains the sugary sap
controls what enters and leaves the cell
Gives the cell shape and support
Where the chemical reactions take
place
5. List 3 differences between plant cells and animal cells.
Plant cells have
(i)
cell wall
(ii) vacuole
(iii) chloroplasts
Animal cells do not.
6. Why are stains such as iodine used ? To show up the cell
structures/parts clearly
7. Copy and complete the following passage using the words list to fill in
the gaps.
Large numbers of cells that have the same design and job are grouped
together to form a tissue, for example muscle . Several separate tissues
may join together to form an organ, which is a complex structure that
performs a particular job, for example the liver. Groups of organs may
work together to form a system, for example the nervous system.
8. What is a microbe?
Microbes are singled-celled organisms that are too small to be seen
with the naked eye
9. Give 3 ways in which the body defends itself.
Skin as barrier
Anti bacterial tears
Saliva
White blood cells
Stomach acid pH2
10.a. Explain what puberty means?
Puberty is a process that boys and girls go through to become sexually
mature.
b. At what age does this take place in i) boys = 12-14 and ii) girls = 1113
c. State three changes which happen to boys during this period.
Changes in boys are
- hair on face, under arms and between legs
- voice deepens
- becomes more muscular
- penis and testicles becomes bigger
d. State three changes which happen to girls.
Changes in girls are
- breasts form
- hair on face, under arms and between legs
- hips broaden
- periods start
11. Explain how the placenta helps the baby develop inside the womb.
The placenta is where the baby’s blood and the mother’s blood come
very close but do not mix. Food and oxygen from the mother passes
across the placenta into the baby’s blood and CO2 and waste products
from the baby pass into the mother’s blood.
12. Where exactly does fertilisation usually occur in humans?
Fertilisation occurs in the egg tube/ fallopian tube/oviduct.
13. List the order of the following events which occur in human
reproduction:
A: fertilisation B: baby grows
C: sexual intercourse
D: birth
F: egg in ovary
E: sperm in testes
G: woman pregnant
.
E+F, C, A, G, B, D
14. Which part is the
(i)
womb
B
(ii)
egg tube D
(iii) cervix
E
(iv) ovary
C
(v)
vagina
A
15.Which part:
(i)
is put inside the vagina when mating
A
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
is where the sperms are made
D
Carries sperms through the reproductive organs B
Makes liquid that mixes with sperm
C
Fills with blood to make the penis hard and erect E