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International Scientific Conference
PRO-TECH-MA ’16
PROGRESSIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS
WIRELESS HEALTH CARE DEVICE FOR ELDERLY PERSON
Jacek S. TUTAK1, Krzysztof SZWED2
Population aging is an irreversible global process associated with high regional diversification. Generally, it can be assumed that the higher the degree of social and economic development of the country, the more advanced is the process of population aging. It
becomes serious and rapidly growing problem in many countries. It means that long life is
not "reserved" only for a small part of society, but it concerns a still growing part of the
population. There are three main reasons for Poland’s population decline: low birth rates,
emigration and increasingly wider and easier access to medical care. Poland is aging faster
and faster. In 1950, the median age was 25.8: half of the Polish population was younger,
half older. Today it is 38.2. It will be 51 in 2050. As the population is aging, it has also
started to decline: from 38.6 million in 1995, to 38 million in 2010, to expected 32 million
in 2050.
Therefore, it is crucial to focus on older people and their health problems. The aim
of the project was to develop and make a prototype of a small, portable device for testing
(ECG, temperature, pulse), and generate reports for the elderly person and his doctor. In a
dangerous situation (heart attack or stroke) this device will automatically send a message to
medical service or user's family. The message informs about the dangerous situation and
send the location data.
The article refers to design, hardware, software and prototype of this device. It consists of: a part placed on a finger (which includes temperature and pulse rate sensors), electrodes located on the chest and the computing system. Heart Rate Monitor is a system
which allows users to measure heart rate. This system uses the reflection of the light emitted by the diode. Changes of this light are depended on the intensity of oxygenation of
blood. The case of oximeter was designed in SolidWorks and printed on a 3D printer. Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the
heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on the skin (on the surface of the chest).
These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat. For this measurement was used the AD8232 SparkFun (Heart Rate Monitor). It is a cost-effective board used to measure the electrical activity
of the heart. This electrical activity can be charted as an ECG and output as an analog reading. To measure temperature was used DS18B20 1-Wire digital temperature sensor from
Maxim IC. Reports degrees C with 9 to 12-bit precision, -55C to 125C (+/-0.5C). Each
sensor has a unique 64-Bit. In this project it was used HC-05 module. It is an easy in use
Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, designed for transparent wireless serial con1
[email protected],
Politechnika Rzeszowska, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
2
[email protected],
Politechnika Rzeszowska, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
International Scientific Conference
PRO-TECH-MA ’16
PROGRESSIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS
nection setup. Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and baseband. It uses CSR Bluecore 04-External single chip Bluetooth system with CMOS technology and with AFH(Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature). All of these data are displayed
on LCD screen or on any Smartphone. This project was based on Arduino Mega 2560. It is
a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of
which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial
ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection.
Another chapter of this article was devoted to the description of the software and
communication with the external measuring system. This program was written in the environment Arduino IDE. Arduino is usually programmed in C / C ++. The purpose of the
program is to retrieve data from the sensors and send them to a Smartphone with Android.
An app for this device was written in Java and activated by Dalvik Virtual Machine. The
Android app is using the Android Studio development environment. Our application is
characterized by ease of use and clarity. The application consists of four basic screens:
 Main Window
 Graphs
 Reports
 Biofeedback
A
B
C
Fig.1. Main Window (A), Graphs (B) and Biofeedback (C)
Biofeedback is a method of treatment that our device uses to measure and display on
smartphone screen patients' physiologic information of which they are normally unaware.
International Scientific Conference
PRO-TECH-MA ’16
PROGRESSIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS
By monitoring the smartphone screen, patients can learn by trial and error how to control
'involuntary' bodily processes such as blood pressure and temperature.