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Name __________________________________________________ WH9 Claussen Mesopotamia and Gilgamesh Mesopotamia 1. Use your textbook p. 30 to label the following: Shade in the Fertile Crescent Persian Gulf Tigris River Nile River Red Sea (Shade blue) Caspian Sea (Shade blue) Anatolia (Asia Minor) Ur Euphrates River Egypt Mediterranean Sea (Shade blue) Black Sea (Shade blue) Arabian Desert Persian Gulf (Shade blue) Taurus Mountains 2. Use arrows to label the flow of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. 3. Through which present day countries do the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers run? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ What were the geographic challenges faced by the civilizations that developed in Mesopotamia? In what ways was religion shaped by the geography of Mesopotamia? Polytheism - Excerpt from a Sumerian Psalm Prayer was my rule, sacrificing my law, The day of worship of my god my joy, The day of devotion to my gods my profit and gain. What, however, seems good to one, to a god may be displeasing; What is spurned by oneself may find favor with a god. Who is there who can grasp the will of the gods of heaven? The plan of a god is full of mystery – who can understand it? How can mortals learn the ways of a god? He who is still alive at evening is dead the next morning; In an instant he is cast into grief, of a sudden he is crushed; This moment he sings and plays, in a twinkling he wails like a mourner 1. According to the psalm, what kind of relationship do the people of Sumer have with their gods? Support your answer with specific passages from the poem. Excerpt from The Epic of Gilgamesh In the selection below Enkidu, tells Gilgamesh of a vision he has had of “the land of no return.” There in the house whose people sit in darkness; dust is their food and clay their meat. They are clothed like birds with wings for covering, they see no light, they sit in darkness… What is the “land of no return”? What does document tell us about “the land of no return?” Standing Male Worshipper Ziggurat of Ur In what ways was religion shaped by the geography of Mesopotamia? The Erosion of Equality: Hierarchies of Class In what ways was social inequality expressed in early civilization? Hammurabi’s Code - excerpt from Hammurabi’s Code PERSONAL INJURY 195. If a son strikes his father, his hands shall be cut off. 196. If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out. 198. If he put out the eye of a peasant, or break the bone of a peasant, he shall pay one gold mina. 199. If he put out the eye of a man's slave, or break the bone of a man's slave, he shall pay one-half of its value. MARRIGAGE AND THE FAMILY 129. If the wife of a man is found lying with another male, they shall be bound and thrown into the water. If the husband lets his wife live, then the king shall let his servant1 live. 148. If a man has married a wife, and sickness has seized her, and he has decided to marry another, he may marry, but his wife whom the sickness has seized he shall not divorce. She shall dwell in this house he has built, and he shall support her while she lives. What was the role of government in ancient Mesopotamia?