Download 1.03 What Influences the Weather?

Units 1.02 and 1.03
1.02 Weather vs Climate
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Weather is _the short-term atmospheric condition in a particular region at a
specific point in time.
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Examples are Rain, wind, snow, high or low pressure, and thunderstorms,
ect…
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Climate is __the average________________, __year to
year__________________ conditions of weather in an area.
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__Temperture_______________ and _precipitation________________
determine the climate of a region.
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_Elevation________________ and __latitude_______________ influence
the temperature of a region as well.
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The _higher________________ the _elevation________________ the
cooler the temperature.
Large bodies of water also affect temperature in a region
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Temperatures tend to be moderate because __water takes longer to
heat up and cool
down._________________________________________________, so water
stabilizes long-term temperature patterns. Areas near large bodies of
water also tend to be more humid
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Ocean currents have a significant effect on climate.
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For example, the North Atlantic Current continues from the United
States to bring warm water to areas of England and Ireland, which is why
the climate in those regions is so mild despite their latitudes.
A region's annual _precipitation________________ determines if it has a wet or
dry climate.
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Two factors determine the amount of precipitation a region receives: (1)
prevailing winds and (2) presence or absence of mountains.
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_Mountains________________ have an effect on where precipitation will
and will not fall.
One example we see from the effects of mountains on precipitation is in the
Sierra Nevada's.
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Rain and snow fall on the _windward side of the
mountains________________ side of the mountain range as the
prevailing winds push air masses up the side of the mountains. This
causes the western side of the mountains to be __moist_______________
and _humid________________ and to have a lot of vegetation.
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Windward: _on the side toward, or exposed to, the
wind__________________________________________________
The air masses that move over the leedward _________________ side of
the mountains, now dry, create a _rain__________
_shadow________________—an area of little rain. This results in deserts
on the eastern side of the mountains.
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Leeward: _on the side away from, or sheltered from, the
wind__________________________________________________
Copy and paste the picture of this example from your 1.02 lesson:
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Although different, weather and climate are related and consistent.
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The climate in a region influences the weather that the region
experiences. Hot or dry, cold or wet—a region will experience different
types of daily weather based on its climate.
1.03 What Influences the Weather?
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Geographic features affect weather
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Ex: mountains create an effect called orographic lifting which produces
rainfall on one side of a mountain as air is deflected up, and a dryer
area on the opposite side of the mountain.
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This effect on the dryer side of the mountain is called a rain
shadow
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_bodies________________ of __water_______________ can also influence
weather patterns. Water has a higher capacity for storing and releasing
___heat______________ than land does.
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Rain shadow: __The side of a mountain that has a dry
climate because precipitation falls mainly on the other
side._______________________________________________
____________________________________
So, water is slower to heat up and cool down then land is.
_Urband________ _heat ______ __islands_________
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The effect of the built environment of a city, including buildings, asphalt,
and concrete, retaining heat and therefore maintaining a higher
_temperature________________ than surrounding countryside; the city
is a comparatively warm island amid cooler surrounds
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On average, temperatures in a city may be as much as _10___°F higher
than the surrounding area.
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Additionally, the buildings in Urban Heat Islands can amplify winds
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What does amplify mean?
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Tall city buildings act as barriers to the flow of air through the
city. They can break up the air streams and create small eddy
currents in the streets or divide the airflow into broken airstreams.
The various broken streams can combine and reinforce each other
to become faster than the original wind. The phenomenon is
called resonance_________________.
_mountains________________, _oceans________________, and
_cities________________ all influence the amount of precipitation and
temperature in an area.
Recreate the flow chart for the 1.03 Lesson