Download Cloud Computing

IT685 ห ัวข้อพิเศษในเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ 2
IT&Cloud/ Infrastructure
Asst.Prof.Dr.Surasak Mungsing
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What is
Cloud Computing?
November 18, 2009
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Objective
To provide a general overview of cloud
computing including:
• How could affect my future business
• Is the cloud for me and my business
• What are some of the issues I should
consider
• Why should this be important to me
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Cloud computing concepts and definition
Cloud Characteristics, Types and Deployment
Models
Cloud infrastructure
Issues
Clouds vs. Traditional
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“Comes from the early days of the Internet
where we drew the network as a cloud… we
didn’t care where the messages went… the
cloud hid it from us” – Kevin Marks, Google
First cloud around networking (TCP/IP
abstraction)
Second cloud around documents (WWW data
abstraction)
The emerging cloud combines the
infrastructure complexities of servers,
applications, data, and heterogeneous
platforms
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1960 - John McCarthy opined that "computation may
someday be organized as a public utility"
Early 1990s – The term “cloud” comes into commercial use
referring to large networks and the advancement of the
Internet.
1999 – Salesforce.com is established, providing an “on
demand” SaaS (Software as a Service).
2001 – IBM details the SaaS concept in their “Autonomic
Computing Manifesto”
2005 – Amazon provides access to their excess capacity
on a utility computing and storage basis
2007 – Google, IBM, various Universities embark on a large
scale cloud computing research project
2008 – Gartner says cloud computing will “shape the
relationship among consumers of IT services, those who
use IT services and those who sell them”
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Lots of confusion
Several different “loosely applied” definitions
a style of computing in which massively
scalable IT-related capabilities are provided
"as a service" using Internet technologies to
multiple external customers
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an internal or external “cloud enabled” service
offering
the provision of dynamically scalable and
often virtualized resources as a service over
the Internet.
a general term for anything that involves
delivering hosted services over the Internet.
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Definition
Continued
• Cloud computing is a model for enabling
convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service
provider interaction. (NIST Definition, National Institute
of Standards and Technology)
• This cloud model promotes availability and is
composed of five essential characteristics, three
service models, and four deployment models.
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On-demand self-service
Broad network access (Internet)
Resource pooling
◦ Location independence
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Rapid elasticity
Measured service
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Additional Cloud Characteristics
• Cloud computing often
leverages:
Massive and Rapid scalability
Homogeneity
Virtualization
Resilient computing
Low cost software
Geographic distribution, (many
datacenters)
– Service orientation
– Advanced security technologies
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Cloud Deployment Models
• Private Cloud (a.k.a. Internal Cloud)
– enterprise owned or leased
• Community Cloud (a.k.a. External
Cloud)
– shared infrastructure for specific community
• Public cloud (a.k.a. External Cloud)
– Sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure
• Hybrid cloud
– composition of two or more clouds
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Cloud Service Models
• Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)
– Use provider’s applications over a network
• Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)
– Deploy customer-created applications to a
cloud
• Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
– Rent processing, storage, network capacity, and
other fundamental computing resources
 To be considered “cloud” services are
deployed on top of cloud infrastructure
that has the key characteristics
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Issues with the Cloud
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Security (number 1 concern)
Performance
Availability
Lack of Standards
Inability to Customize
Hard to Integrate with current in-house IT
Regulatory requirements
Not enough suppliers yet
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Analyzing Cloud Security
• Clouds are massively complex systems that can
be reduced to simple primitives that are replicated
thousands of times
• These complexities create many issues related to
security as well as all aspects of Cloud computing
• Clouds typically have a single security architecture
but have many customers with different demands
• Cloud security issues may drive and define how we
adopt and deploy cloud computing solutions
• Highly sensitive data is likely to be on private
clouds where organizations have complete control
over their security model
Objectives of Cloud Computing
• Core objectives and principles that
cloud computing must meet to be
successful:
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Security
Scalability
Availability
Performance
Cost-effective
Acquire resources on demand
Release resources when no longer needed
Pay for what you use
Leverage others’ core competencies
Turn fixed cost into variable cost
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More on Security
• Trusting vendor’s security model
• Where is the data stored and who is
securing it
• Inability to respond to audit requirements
• Indirect administrator accountability
• Loss of physical control
• Data retention / backup standards
• Redundancy / Disaster Recovery
• Handling Compliance
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GLBA, HIPAA, SOX, PCY
State laws
International – EU Data Protection Directive
FTC Scrutiny
SAS 70 Audits
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Peer to Peer
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◦ BOINC, Skype
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Web Apps
◦ Facebook, Twitter,
YouTube
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Security as a Service
◦ MessageLabs, Purewire,
ScanSafe, Zscaler
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Software plus services
Software as a Service
◦ GoogleApps, Salesforce,
SpringCM
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Storage
◦ Content Distribution
 BitTorret, Amazon
CloudFront
◦ Sychronisation
 LiveMesh
◦ Microsoft Online Services
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Three distinct characteristics that
differentiate clouds from traditional hosting
◦ It is sold on demand
 Typically by the minute or the hour
◦ It is elastic
 A user can have as much or as little of a service as they
want at any given time
◦ The service is fully managed by the provider
 The consumer needs nothing but a personal computer
and Internet access
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• Estimates vary widely on possible cost savings
o “If you move your data center to a cloud provider, it will cost
a tenth of the cost.” – Brian Gammage, Gartner Fellow
• Use of cloud applications can reduce costs from 50%
to 90% - CTO of Washington D.C.
• IT resource subscription pilot demonstrated a 28%
cost savings - Alchemy Plus cloud (backing from
Microsoft)
• “Using Cloud infrastructure saves 18% to 28% before
considering that you no longer need to buy peak
capacity” – George Reese, founder Valtira and
enStratus
• When implementing Cloud you must consider other
costs which may not be apparent today.
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Application Service
(SaaS)
MS Live/ExchangeLabs, IBM,
Google Apps; Salesforce.com
Quicken Online, Zoho, Cisco
Application Platform
Google App Engine, Mosso,
Force.com, Engine Yard,
Facebook, Heroku, AWS
Server Platform
3Tera, EC2, SliceHost,
GoGrid, RightScale, Linode
Storage Platform
Amazon S3, Dell, Apple, ...
19th May, 09
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Services
Services
Application
Focused
Services – Complete business services such as
PayPal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, Alexa
Application
Application – Cloud based software that eliminates
the need for local installation such as Google Apps,
Microsoft Online
Development
Development – Software development platforms used
to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS &
SAAS) such as SalesForce
Platform
Infrastructure
Focused
Description
Storage
Hosting
Platform – Cloud based platforms, typically provided
using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC, Sun Grid
Storage – Data storage or cloud based NAS such as
CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS
Hosting – Physical data centers such as those run by
IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc.
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Add new services for your users
quickly and cost effectively
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Software delivery model
◦ Increasingly popular with SMEs
◦ No hardware or software to manage
◦ Service delivered through a browser
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Advantages
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Examples
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Pay per use
Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
APIs
CRM, Financial Planning, Human Resources, Word processing
Commercial Services:
Salesforce.com, emailcloud
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Platform delivery model
◦ Platforms are built upon Infrastructure, which is expensive
◦ Estimating demand is not a science!
◦ Platform management is not fun!
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Popular services
◦ Storage
◦ Database
◦ Scalability
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Advantages:
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Pay per use
Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
APIs
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Computer infrastructure delivery model
Access to infrastructure stack:
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Full OS access
Firewalls
Routers
Load balancing
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Pay per use
Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
APIs
Advantages
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Common Factors
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Pay per use
Instant Scalability
Security
Reliability
APIs
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Lower cost of ownership
Reduce infrastructure management responsibility
Allow for unexpected resource loads
Faster application rollout
Advantages
Cloud Economics
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Multi-tenented
Virtualisation lowers costs by increasing utilisation
Economies of scale afforded by technology
Automated update policy
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SaaS
◦ Your current CRM package is not managing the load or you simply don’t
want to host it in-house….use a SaaS provider such as Salesforce.com
◦ Your email is hosted on an exchange server in your office and it is very
slow…outsource this using Hosted Exchange.
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PaaS
◦ You need to host a large file (5Mb) on your website and make it available
for 35,000 users for only two months duration. Use Cloud Front from
Amazon.
◦ You want to start storage services on your network for a large number of
files and you do not have the storage capacity…use Amazon S3.
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IaaS
◦ You want to run a batch job but you don’t have the infrastructure
necessary to run it in a timely manner. Use Amazon EC2.
◦ You want to host a website, but only for a few days. Use Flexiscale.
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Cloud Computing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
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Question & Answer
http://netforbeginners.about.com/od/c/f/cloudcomputing.htm
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ระบบประมวลผลกลุ่มเมฆ
http://www.vcharkarn.com/vblog/38378/5
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