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RL78 Ultra Low Power MCU Lab
Renesas Electronics America Inc.
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio
3
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Microcontroller and Microprocessor Line-up
2010
2012
1200 DMIPS, Superscalar
32-bit
 Automotive & Industrial, 65nm
 600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby
1200 DMIPS, Performance
 Automotive, 40nm
 500µA/MHz, 35µA deep standby
500 DMIPS, Low Power
8/16-Bit True Low Power 165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC
High Efficiency & Integration
 Automotive & Industrial, 90nm
 600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby
 Industrial, 40nm
 200µA/MHz, 0.3µA deep standby
165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC
 Industrial, 90nm
 200µA/MHz, 1.6µA deep standby
8/16-bit
25 DMIPS, Low Power
 Industrial, 90nm
 1mA/MHz, 100µA standby
 Industrial & Automotive, 150nm
 190µA/MHz, 0.3µA standby
44 DMIPS, True Low Power
10 DMIPS, Capacitive Touch
 Industrial & Automotive, 130nm
 144µA/MHz, 0.2µA standby
 Industrial
Automotive, 130nm
Wide
Format&LCDs
 350µA/MHz, 1µA standby
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Embedded Security, ASSP
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
‘Enabling The Smart Society’
 Challenge:
“In the smart society sensors and instruments are no longer
tethered to power lines or network cables. Sensors will be
on our bodies, our pets, in remote fields and they will have
to run for years on small batteries or utilizing energy
harvesting techniques.”
 Solution: RL78 Ultra low power MCU family
 “This lab will demonstrate the Ultra-low power RL78 MCU
family and it’s many on-chip low power peripherals, to
create a more energy efficient embedded product, with
longer battery life or capable of being powered from many
different energy harvesting sources”
5
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Agenda (1)
I.
Intro to Renesas RL78 Ultra low power MCU main
features/attributes
II. Intro to Applilet for RL78/G14 - Device driver code
generator
III.Lab Objectives
IV. Lab Materials
V. Do the Lab
VI. Recap – what did we learn
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Leading Edge - RL78 Low Power MCU
Low Power
 Lower power technology
●
CPU, flash, system
 Low active power
●
As low as 66uA/MHz
 Low standby power
●
0.45uA (STOP + 32kHz + RTC)
●
0.23uA (STOP)
 Low power peripherals
Scalable
●
LVD, RTC, WDT
 Wake up from standby
●
19.1 usec
 Long interval capability
●
Efficient
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
0.5 sec to 1 month
 SNOOZE mode
●
ADC, UART/CSI(SPI)
RL78 Low Power Comparisons
 RL78 is dramatically better for all power modes!
Operating Mode
Halt Mode: RTC + LVD
363
16
12.5
380
14.3
12
250
213
200
150
150
144
66
100
10
8
6
5.6
3.6
4
0.49
2
50
14
10.6
350
300
Stop Mode: LVD
Micro-Amps
400
Micro-Amps
Micro-Amps/ MHz
14
12
10.3
10
8
6
5.1
4
3.4
2
A
B
C
D
RL78
A
Clock
Peripheral
C
D
RL78
A
CPU
Clock
Peripheral
B
C
D
CPU
Clock
Peripheral*
Note:
1: At 32MHz (NOP instructions)
2: At 32 MHz (Basic operation)
Disabled
Enabled
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
RL78
STOP
HALT
RUN
CPU
B
0.23
Lower Power With Configurable Peripherals
Items
CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + Interval + RTC + WDT + LVD
0.81uA
CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + RTC
0.49uA
CPU STOP + LOCO Clock + 12-bit Interval Timer
0.45uA
CPU STOP + WDT (with LOCO Clk = 15KHz)
0.45uA
CPU STOP + LVD
0.31uA
CPU STOP
0.23uA
VDD=3V
Note1:WDT includes LOCO current
Note2: All the power consumptions above are typical values of RL78/G13(64KB)
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RL78
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
System Low Power Technique
ON/OFF
Oscillators
ON/OFF
Clock lines
Functions
CPU *1, 2
Flash
Selector
Int. Oscillator:
Selectable
1,4,8,12,16,24,32 MHz
Ext. Oscillator:
1 - 20 MHz
*2
ON/OFF
TAU0
*2
TAU1
*2
SAU0 *2
SAU1 *2
IICA0 *2
Ext. Oscillator:
32.768 kHz
IICA1 *2
ADC
Sele
ctor
Int. Oscillator:
15 kHz ± 15%
*2
RTC
Interval
Watchdog
LVD
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
*1 Operation stopped in Halt mode
*2 Operation stopped in STOP mode
Using Internal Low Dropout Voltage
Regulator to Minimize Current Drain
Internal voltage regulator
I/O
I/O
Ext.
osc.
block
Timers
Serial
CPU
POR/
POC
WDT
Int. HS
osc.
Clock
gen.
stby
control
Low
volt
MCU detect RTC
core
Voltage
ComLCD C/D
Voltage
reg.
parator
ref.
with booster
I/O
Internal core LDO
voltage regulator
- Keeps CPU and core function
current drains constant
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
ADC
Supply
Current,
CPU and
Core
Peripherals
MCUs with
No Internal
Voltage Reg;
Current Drain
Increases
with Supply
Voltage!
MCUs with
an Internal
Voltage Reg;
Current Drain
Constant
Over Supply
Voltage!
DAC
Opamp
1.8V
1.8V 2.4V
2.4V 3.0V
3.0V 3.6V
3.6V 4.2V
4.2V 4.8V
4.8V 5.5V
5.5V
Supply
Supply Voltage
Voltage
Functions attached to I/O pins
- Current drains rise
proportionally to supply
voltage
RL78 Operation modes
User selects mode based on system max frequency and min VDD voltage
 LV (Low-voltage) mode: 1 to 4 MHz (VDD = 1.6 to 5.5 V)
 LS (Low-speed) mode: 1 to 8 MHz (VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V)
 HS (High-speed) mode: 1 to 16 MHz (VDD = 2.4 to 5.5 V)
 HS (High-speed) mode: 1 to 32 MHz (VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V)
Regulator Output Voltage Conditions
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Mode
Output voltage
Conditions
LV (low voltage)
mode
1.8V
All
LS (low speed)
mode
1.8V
HS (high-speed)
mode
1.8V
STOP
2.1V
Active
RL78
VDD
Reg
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
All
REGC
Pin
VSS
I/O
Etc.
CPU,
Periphe
rals
Applilet device driver code generator
 Applilet is a software tool to generate device driver
code to initialize and use on-chip peripherals
 Full code generation for IAR EWRL78
User
Userapplication
application layer
layer
Applilet API
specification
Applilet
configurator
Applilet
CPU
layer
CPUapplication
application layer
CPU device
device layer
CPU
layer
RL78
RL78 CPU core
core
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Applilet device driver code generator
 Easy to use graphical user interface (GUI)
 Common API for easy code porting across families
 Integrated project wizard guides user through the
creation of new project
 After peripheral
configuration,
C source code
can be generated
 Configuration changes
can be merged with
existing user code
 User code in
protected areas
is saved during
rebuild of the
Applilet files
 No royalty fees
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
RL78 Ultra-Low Power Lab
 Lab Objectives
 Demonstrate the low power modes of the RL78
 Generate IAR project using Applilet
 Edit/Compile/build/debug the project in IAR IDE
 Lab Materials
 Laptop PC with IAR/Applilet tools pre-installed
 IAR Kickstart V1.20.1 KS
 Applilet3 for RL78/G14 V1.01.01
 Renesas flash programmer V1.03
 YRPBRL78G14 target board
 USB cable
 Multimeter
 Skill Level
 New to RL78/ IAR Tools
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Typical Lab Measurements
Page 3, Step 1.7; With the program running in normal 32 MHz mode record the current on the
multimeter ._________________ mA
Page 4, Step 1.8; Now select the “Halt” button and record the multimeter current.
___________ mA
Page 4, Step 1.10; Select the “Stop” button and record the multimeter current. __________ mA
Page 14, Step 4.3; With the program running in normal 32 MHz mode record the current on the
multimeter ______________ mA
Page 15, Step 4.7; Click “Debug-> Go” or press F5 to RUN the program and record the current.
___________ mA
Page 16, Step 4.11; Click “Debug-> Go” or press F5 to RUN the program and record the current
___________________ mA
Page 18, Step 5.7; Now build and connect to the debugger. Run the program and note the stop
current. _________________ mA
Page 18, Step 5.8; Change the __stop(); command to a __halt(); command and compare the
currents. (_________________ mA)
Page 24, Step 6:15; To run the program you just programmed, remove the four
option jumpers and plug it back into the USB port. … You should now see the
low power current that was shown in the demo. (_________________ mA)
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
RL78 – Ultra Low power STOP Modes
Items
CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + Interval + RTC + WDT + LVD
0.81uA
CPU STOP + 32kHz Clock + RTC +WDT +LVD
0.79uA
CPU STOP + LOCO Clock + Interval + WDT + LVD
0.55uA
CPU STOP + WDT (with LOCO Clk) + LVD
0.53uA
CPU STOP + LVD
0.31uA
CPU STOP
0.23uA
VDD=3V
Note1:WDT includes LOCO current
Note2: All the power consumptions above are typical values of RL78/G13(64KB)
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RL78
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
What have we learned? – Turn off the OCD block
TK-USB
OCD/
Flash Programming
Interface
Turn Off
On-Chip-Debug
Interface Function
for Release Code
Bi-Directional
data
TK-USB
or
Mode Control
Start
E1 Interface
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
OCD/Flash
programming
Tool0
Reset
VDD
Gnd
RL78
MCU
E1 – OCD/
Flash Programming
Interface
What have we learned? – Avoid “Sneak paths”
on I/O Lines
 I/O drive and loading
Output Low Loading
MCU
General
purpose
I/O pin,
Output
= Low
VDD = 3.0 Volts
Input Pull up/Pull down
Pin Loading
VDD
VOL R
IOL
Pull-up
enable
Ext.
Circuit
VDD
General
purpose
I/O pin,
Output
= High
19
.
P-ch
Output data
P-ch
Output High Loading
MCU
Pull-Up
Pull-Up
Turned
On
Turned
On
IOH
VOH
Ext.
Circuit
R
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
N-ch
Output
disable
Input data
Input enable
Ext.
Circuit
What have we learned? – Avoid Floating Input
Pins
 Phenomena of floating inputs
 (due to contaminated PCBs)
VDD
10
MegOhm?
MegOhm?
VDD
Gate
IDD =
“On”
currents
P-ch
INPUT
pin
Leakage
paths
10
MegOhm?
10
MegOhm?
5.0V
5uA
4.0V
4uA
3.0V
3uA
IDD
2.0V
2uA
1.0V
1uA
Vout
Gate
N-ch
To
Internal
MCU
circuits
0V0V
1.0V
2.0V
3.0V
Vin
4.0V
Side Bar: PCB cleanliness
Board contaminants can often swamp out nano-amp standby currents
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© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
5.0V0uA
Questions?
21
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
‘Enabling The Smart Society’ in Review…
 Challenge:
“In the smart society sensors and instruments are no longer
tethered to power lines or network cables. Sensors will be
on our bodies, our pets, in remote fields and they will have
to run for years on small batteries or utilizing energy
harvesting techniques.”
 “This lab will demonstrate the Ultra-low power RL78 MCU
family and it’s many on-chip low power peripherals, to
create a more energy efficient embedded product, with
longer battery life or capable of being powered from many
different energy harvesting sources”
 Do you agree that we accomplished the above statement?
22
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.
Renesas Electronics America Inc.
© 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.