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WINDS UNEQUAL HEATING OF AIR DIFFERENCES IN AIR PRESSURE Low Pressure Hotter temp= ___ Colder temp= High Pressure ___ Responsible for triggering the initial movement of air. CORIOLIS EFFECT SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION As air moves from high to low pressure in the northern hemisphere, it is deflected to the right by the Coriolis force. In the southern hemisphere, air moving from high to low pressure is deflected to the left by the Coriolis force. http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp ctive_art/global_winds/index.html Flushing Toilets on the Equator Myth or Real: Toilets flushed in the northern hemisphere apparently spin to the right, in the southern hemisphere the water spins left - this is supposedly caused by the Coriolis effect. And on the equator? It's a straight shot down. Earth’s Winds LOCAL WINDS SEA BREEZE LAND BREEZE Earth’s Winds Local Winds Land breeze Sea breeze MONSOONS SEASONAL WINDS Similar to land and sea breeze bit occur over a wider area Philippines Northeast Monsoon (cold and wet) Southwest Monsoon (dry) Earth’s Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds Land breeze Sea breeze monsoon GLOBAL WINDS UNEQUAL HEATING EQUALS GLOBAL PATTERN OF AIR CIRCULATION http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp ctive_art/global_winds/index.html TRADE WINDS AIR MOVING BACK TO THE EQUATOR FORMING A BELT OF WARM, STEADY WINDS PREVAILING WESTERLIES 40-60 degrees Latitude (West to East) Strong Winds POLAR EASTERLIES COLD BUT WEAK WINDS EAST TO WEST JET STREAMS “rivers of air" ABOVE 12 KMS 180-350 Km/Hr (speed) Jet Stream Earth’s Winds Global Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds Land breeze Sea breeze monsoon Trade Winds Polar Prevailing Easterlies Westerlies DOLDRUMS CALM SURFACE WINDS AT EQUATOR (0 degrees latitude) HORSE LATITUDES 30 degrees North and South of Equator Warm air cools and sink; clear skies; winds are calm Jet Stream Earth’s Winds Global Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds Land breeze Sea breeze Trade Winds Polar Prevailing Easterlies Westerlies NO Winds monsoon Doldrums Horse Latitudes CLOUDS CLOUD FORMATION 1) WATER VAPOR (gas) rising (need heat) 2) CONDENSATION NUCLEI (smoke, dust, pollution) 3)LOW TEMPERATURE for condensation (liquid) to occur MOISTURE CONDENSES ON SMALL PARTICLES OF DUST/ SOLIDS IN THE AIR CONDENSATION WATER VAPOR CHANGES INTO LIQUID DEW POINT TEMPERATURE AT WHICH water vapor CONDENSES Source: http://www.vivoscuola.it/US/RSIGPP3202/umidita/lezioni/form.htm TYPES OF CLOUDS Frost Formation • Cold temperature causes water vapor (gas) to instantly freeze (solid) • Skips liquid phase (never wet) • Salt helped to make colder When condensed water gathers into drops that are heavy enough, precipitation occurs Source: http://www.vivoscuola.it/US/RSIGPP3202/umidita/lezioni/form.htm Cloud droplets PRECIPITATION Ice Snow
