Download Astro Midterm Review Part II: Ch 2

Astro Midterm Review Part II:
Ch 2-6 (Copernican Revolution, Radiation, Spectroscopy, Telescopes, Our Solar System)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) One reason for building telescopes on mountain tops is that they improve seeing by reducing the
amount of air above the observer.
1)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
2) Escape velocity is the speed required to
A) overtake an object in orbit and pass it.
B) orbit an object.
C) maintain a constant distance from an object.
D) overcome the graviational pull of an object.
E) keep from falling out of orbit around an object.
2)
3) If a wave's frequency doubles, its wavelength:
A) is also doubled.
B) is now 4 times longer.
C) is unchanged, as c is constant.
D) is halved.
E) becomes 16 times longer.
3)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
4) Gamma rays cannot be focused at all; images are therefore coarse.
4)
5) The most famous optical space based telescope is the Hubble Space Telescope.
5)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
6) How do the densities of the jovian and terrestrial planets compare?
A) The closer a planet lies to the Sun, the less its density.
B) More massive jovians all have high densities, compared to the tiny terrestrials.
C) All terrestrials are more dense than any of the jovians.
D) Made from the same solar nebula, they are all similar.
E) No real pattern here; densities vary greatly and are very individual to each world.
6)
7) Why are reflectors better than refractors?
A) Large lenses are too heavy
B) all of the above
C) No chromatic abberation
D) only need one optically acceptable surface
7)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
8) The shorter a wave's wavelength, the higher it's frequency, and the greater it's energy.
8)
9) A blue star has a higher surface temperature than a red star.
9)
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
10) What is Pluto now classified as?
A) asteroid
B) dwarf planet
10)
C) planet
D) comet
11) A planet that is far from the sun, has large mass and radii but low density, is what type of
planet?
A) Terrestrial
B) captain
C) Jovian
D) dwarf
11)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
12) The largest single radio telescope is called Aricebo in Puerto Rico.
12)
13) Gamma Rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation.
13)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
14) X-ray telescopes are located in orbit around the Earth because:
A) X-ray telescopes on Earth would have to be too big.
B) there are too many X-ray telescopes on Earth, so now they are put in space.
C) X-rays don't reach the surface of Earth.
D) X-ray telescopes are cheap and easy to launch into space.
E) the X-rays that come out of the telescopes are dangerous to humans.
14)
15) What is the resolving power of the telescope?
A) the ability to distinguish adjacent objects in the sky
B) the ability to make distant objects appear closer
C) the ability to separate light into its component colors
D) the ability to detect very faint objects
E) the ability to collect a lot of light
15)
16) Which of these is constant for ALL types of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum?
A) wavelength
B) velocity
C) amplitude
D) photon energy
E) frequency
16)
17) Of all the forms of electromagnetic radiation, the one with the lowest frequency is:
A) gamma rays.
B) radio waves.
C) microwaves.
D) ultraviolet rays.
E) visible light.
17)
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18) Colors appear different to us because of their photons' different:
A) speeds.
B) amplitudes.
C) frequencies.
D) magnetic fields.
E) polarization.
18)
19) The two forms of electromagnetic radiation that penetrate the atmosphere best are:
A) X-rays and gamma rays.
B) visible and radio waves.
C) ultraviolet and visible light.
D) visible and infrared light.
E) infrared and microwaves.
19)
20) A gravitational "sling-shot":
A) explains how the solar system was formed after a near collision with another star.
B) changes the speed and direction of a spacecraft nearing a massive planet.
C) is the accepted theory for the formation of the asteroid belt.
D) allowed the Apollo astronauts to reach the Moon in 1969.
E) causes comets to crash into planets, such as Jupiter in 1994.
20)
21) Which concept was NOT a part of Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion?
A) A planet must move fastest in its orbit at perihelion.
B) The square of the planet's period is equal to the cube of its average distance.
C) Epicycles are needed to explain the varying brightnesses of the planets.
D) All planetary orbits are ellipses.
E) The line that connects the Sun to Mercury sweeps out the same area in a month as does
the line connecting us to the Sun.
21)
22) The difference between a meteoroid and an asteroid is the object's
A) orbital period.
B) shape.
C) composition.
D) location in the solar system.
E) size.
22)
23) In composition, asteroids and meteoroids are
A) completely different
B) similar, but meteoroids have higher metal content
C) like comets
D) the same
E) like miniature jovian planets
23)
24) In Bohr's (modern) model of the atom, electrons
A) are spread uniformly throughout the atom.
B) are not confined to specific orbits.
C) can be halfway between orbits.
D) can be anywhere in the atom
E) only make transitions between orbitals of specific energies.
24)
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25) There are no radio telescopes in space because:
A) you need an array, like the VLA, to detect ANY radio radiation, so it is just not realistic to
put an entire array in space.
B) radio telescopes are too fragile and expensive to make to put into space.
C) radio waves penetrate Earth's atmosphere so there is no need to put one in space.
D) there is too much radio noise in space, so a radio telescope won't work out there.
E) no one has built an antenna large enough to reach astronomical objects yet.
25)
26) Which of the following type of electromagnetic radiation has the highest energy?
A) infrared
B) x-ray
C) radio
D) visible
E) ultraviolet
26)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
27) The larger the red shift, the faster the distant galaxy is rushing toward us.
27)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
28) What is true of a blackbody?
A) If its temperature doubled, the peak in its curve would be doubled in wavelength.
B) Its energy peaks at the wavelength determined by its temperature.
C) It appears black to us, regardless of its temperature.
D) Its energy is not a continuum.
E) It has a complete absence of thermal energy.
28)
29) Which of the following are the Jovian planets?
A) only Jupiter and Saturn
B) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto
C) everything past Mars and the asteroid belt
D) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only
E) only Jupiter
29)
30) Galileo found the rotation period of the Sun was approximately
A) a week.
B) three months.
C) a day.
D) a month (30 days)
E) a year.
30)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
31) It is much easier to build large reflectors than large refractors.
31)
32) You can change the objective focal length of your telescope once you buy it.
32)
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
33) According to Wein's Law, if the surface temperature is increased by a factor of 2, its peak
wavelength will:
A) decrease by a factor of 4.
B) increase by a factor of 4.
C) increase by a factor of 2.
D) decrease by a factor of 2.
E) not change; Wein's law has nothing to do with peak wavelength.
33)
34) Which planet by itself contains the majority of mass of all the planets (which is most massive)?
A) Uranus
B) Jupiter
C) Venus
D) the earth
E) Saturn
34)
35) As the solar nebula contracts due to gravitation, the cloud
A) changes direction of motion.
B) expands.
C) begins to cool.
D) spins faster due to conservation of angular momentum.
E) becomes more spherical in shape.
35)
36) Planetary orbits in our solar system
A) are evenly spaced throughout the solar system.
B) have the Sun at their exact center.
C) are almost circular, with low eccentricities.
D) are spaced more closely together as they get further from the Sun.
E) are highly inclined to the ecliptic.
36)
37) Which of the following is considered "interplanetary matter"?
A) Ganymede, Jupiter's moon
B) Comet Hale-Bopp
C) Titan, Saturn's moon
D) Triton, Neptune's moon
E) the Moon
37)
38) Compared to optical telescopes, radio telescopes are built large because
A) radio sources are harder to find.
B) they're less expensive to make than optical telescopes.
C) radio photons don't carry much energy.
D) radio waves are absorbed by the atmosphere.
E) atmospheric turbulence is more of a problem.
38)
39) Technically, a "shooting star" is really
A) fairy dust
B) aliens
39)
C) a meteor
40) Which of these is the classic continuous spectrum?
A) a neon light
B) a glowing nebula, such as M-42
C) a rainbow
D) sunlight
E) a fluorescent light
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D) a flying star
40)
41) Kepler's first law worked, where Copernicus' original heliocentric model failed, because Kepler
described the orbits as
A) complex, with epicycles to account for retrograde motions.
B) around the Sun, not the earth.
C) being on equants instead of epicycles.
D) elliptical, not circular.
E) much larger than Copernicus had envisioned.
41)
42) In composition and density, the asteroids most resemble:
A) Kuiper Belt objects like Pluto.
B) pieces of terrestrial planets.
C) the Sun.
D) jovian moons.
E) comets.
42)
43) Most asteroids are found:
A) between the Earth and Sun.
B) beyond the orbit of Neptune.
C) between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
D) orbiting the jovian planets in captured, retrograde orbits.
E) in the orbit of Jupiter, but 60 degrees ahead or behind it.
43)
44) If a light source is approaching you at a speed very close to the speed of light, it will appear:
A) fainter than it is.
B) brighter than it is.
C) redder than it is.
D) bluer than it is.
E) lower temperature than it is.
44)
45) According to the photoelectric effect in order to release electrons from a solid, the light incident
upon it must
A) have a short enough wavelength, high enough frequency
B) have a high enough intensity
C) have a low enough intensity
D) have a long enough wavelength, low enough frequency
E) none of the above
45)
46) Which of these bodies has the lowest density?
A) an asteroid
C) Earth
46)
B) Jovian Planets
D) terrestrial planets
47) The planet's orbital period is:
A) the time it takes for it to retrograde back to the same position as we pass it.
B) the time its magnetic field takes to spin once.
C) the time it takes to complete one orbit around the Sun.
D) the time it takes it to rotate and have the same face toward us again.
E) the time it takes for a satellite to orbit it.
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47)
48) The Orion Nebula, M-42, is a hot, thin cloud of glowing gas, so its spectrum is:
A) a continuum, but with both bright and dark lines mixed in.
B) a continuum, strongest in the color red.
C) a few bright lines against a dark background.
D) a few dark line in the continuum.
E) not in the visible portion of the spectrum.
48)
49) Which of these was NOT a telescopic discovery of Galileo?
A) the phases of Venus
B) the craters and mare of the Moon
C) the moons of Saturn
D) sunspots and the rotation of the Sun
E) the four largest moons of Jupiter
49)
50) A fatal flaw with Ptolemy's model is its inability to predict the observed phases of
A) the Sun during an eclipse.
B) Venus.
C) Jupiter and Saturn.
D) Mars and Jupiter.
E) the Moon in its monthly cycle.
50)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
51) Modern telescopes are all refractors
51)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
52) Spectral lines are often referred to as the stars' "fingerprints" because:
A) both can be easily categorized.
B) both are characteristic of the individual that produced them.
C) both are unique to their source.
D) fingerprints also consist of individual lines that make a pattern.
E) All of these are correct.
52)
53) The heliocentric model was actually first proposed by:
A) Hipparchus.
B) Archimedes.
C) Aristarchus.
D) Aristotle.
E) Alexander the Great.
53)
54) Which type of radiation can be observed well from Earth's surface?
A) gamma ray
B) infrared
C) ultraviolet
D) X-ray
E) visible
54)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
55) Radio telescopes can be used anytime of day and in any weather conditions.
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55)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
56) Scientists today do not accept the Ptolemaic model because:
A) it is ancient history.
B) it was too complicated, compared to Copernicus' heliocentric model.
C) it had no explanation for retrograde motion.
D) it has been shown that Ptolemy faked his data.
E) the work of Tycho and Kepler showed the heliocentric model was more accurate.
56)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
57) An example of radio interferometry is the VLA in New Mexico.
57)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
58) The average density of each planet in the solar system is determined by taking its mass and
dividing that by its
A) radius
B) volume
C) surface area
D) diameter
E) radius squared
58)
59) Masses of the planets are easiest to determine if:
A) they have natural satellites whose motions can be precisely measured.
B) they are dense and easily deflect the path of passing spacecraft.
C) they are terrestrial and the extra size of the planet's disk can be measured.
D) they are jovian and their oblateness can be found.
E) they move rapidly and their periods are easily measured.
59)
60) What is the resolution of a telescope?
A) its ability to see very faint objects
B) its ability to make distant objects appear much closer to us
C) its ability to separate light into its component colors for analysis
D) its ability to focus more than just visible light for imaging
E) its ability to distinguish two adjacent objects close together in the sky
60)
61) Which of the following is a contribution to astronomy made by Galileo?
A) Jupiter has four moons orbiting it.
B) The astronomical telescope can show us far more detail than the eye can.
C) Venus appears almost fully lit when it lies on the far side of the Sun.
D) The Moon has craters, mountain, valleys, and dark flat areas on its surface.
E) all of the above
61)
62) In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum have astronomers been unable to get any
information?
A) ultraviolet
B) X-rays
C) gamma rays
D) microwaves
E) We now can access information in all spectral lengths.
62)
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63) The tail of a comet always points
A) away from the Sun and becomes longest and brightest closest to the sun.
B) away from the direction the comet is moving.
C) toward the Sun and disappears at perihelion.
D) in the direction of the comet's motion.
E) toward Earth and never varies.
63)
64) The Ptolemaic model probably persisted for all these reasons EXCEPT:
A) it accounted well for Galileo's observations of the phase cycle of Venus.
B) it used perfect circles, which appealed to geometry.
C) it was consistent with the doctrines of the Catholic Church.
D) it had the authority of Aristotle behind it.
64)
65) The light from an object moving tangentially (to your left or right) will exhibit:
A) a blueshift.
B) a shift in peak wavelength towards the blue.
C) a redshift.
D) a shift in peak wavelength towards the red.
E) no shift.
65)
66) A hydrogen atom consists of an electron and a(n)
A) ion.
B) neutron.
C) proton.
66)
D) lepton.
E) neutrino.
67) The Kuiper Belt is an "outer asteroid belt" consisting of what types of solar system
bodies?
A) terrestrial planets
B) jovian planets
C) meteoroids
D) asteroids
E) icy cometlike bodies
67)
68) The Ptolemaic model of the universe:
A) describes the orbits of the planets as being ellipses, not circles.
B) explained and predicted the motions of the planets with deferents and epicycles.
C) could not account for the stellar parallax observed by Hipparchus.
D) is the basis of our modern cosmology.
E) always kept Mars and Mercury between the Earth and Sun.
68)
69) What are two advantages of large scopes over smaller ones?
A) Large scopes are not subject to atmospheric turbulence and opacity like smaller ones.
B) Large telescope have more light gathering power and better resolution.
C) Large scopes have a larger field of view and sharper focus.
D) Large scopes are easier to mount and control than small ones.
E) Large telescopes give higher magnification and are easier to build.
69)
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70) Which of the statements below is part of both the Ptolemaic and Copernican models?
A) The Sun lies in the center of the Cosmos.
B) Venus' epicycle must always lie between us and the Sun.
C) The Earth orbits the Sun once a year.
D) The Moon orbits the Earth once a month.
E) Epicycles are needed to explain retrograde motion of the planets.
70)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
71) When using a telescope, in order to change the magnification you must change the eyepiece.
71)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
72) On which of these assumptions do Ptolemy and Copernicus agree?
A) The Earth must be the center of all motion in the Cosmos.
B) Venus must always stay between us and the Sun.
C) All orbits must be perfect circles.
D) The Sun must orbit us, but the planets do orbit the Sun.
E) The Sun was bigger than the Earth.
72)
73) Which was a contribution to astronomy made by Copernicus?
A) He discovered the Sun was not at the center of the Milky Way.
B) The planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits.
C) His telescope revealed the four moons of Jupiter, a model solar system.
D) His theory of gravity accounted for the variable speeds of the planets.
E) He laid out the order and relative motion of the known solar system.
73)
74) List the 8 planets in order of increasing distance from the Sun
A) Venus, Mercury, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
C) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune
D) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus
74)
75) During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, attempts to precisely measure the astronomical
unit relied largely on rare:
A) transits of venus and mercury across the Sun.
B) passages of comets close to the Earth.
C) maximum elongations of Venus.
D) total solar eclipses.
E) oppositions of Mars.
75)
76) Which of the following have an icy composition?
A) the surface of Mars
B) comets
C) meteorites and most asteroids
D) most asteroids
E) meteoroids
76)
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77) What is the primary purpose of an astronomical telescope?
A) To collect a lot of light and bring it to a focus.
B) To magnify and make distant objects appear closer.
C) To access wavelengths that we cannot see visually.
D) To separate light into its component colors.
E) To measure the intensity of light very accurately.
77)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
78) X rays can be focused with a different technique using mirrors at shallow angles.
78)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
79) The Law of Universal Gravitation was developed by:
A) Newton.
B) Copernicus.
C) Einstein.
D) Kepler.
E) Galileo.
79)
80) What problem does adaptive optics correct?
A) turbulence in the earth's atmosphere which creates twinkling
B) the opacity of the earth's atmosphere to some wavelengths of light
C) defects in the optics of the telescope, such as the original Hubble mirror
D) chromatic aberration due to use of only a single lens objective
E) the light pollution of urban areas
80)
81) Which of these was NOT seen telescopically by Galileo?
A) Venus' phase cycle
B) Four moons around Jupiter
C) Craters and mare on the Moon
D) sunspots
E) stellar parallax
81)
82) What is the goal of comparative planetology?
A) to use planetary positions to foretell the future
B) to help plan future visits by unmanned probes, orbiters, and rovers
C) to find which planets will be most suitable for future colonization
D) to determine the origin and evolution of the solar system
82)
83) Which of the following is a problem inherent in all large radio telescopes?
A) The lightest breeze shakes them, making the observations blurry.
B) The dust clouds in the Milky Way block almost all wavelengths except light.
C) Radio waves have long wavelengths, so radio telescopes have poor resolution.
D) Their waves are blocked by water vapor, so they must be located in deserts.
E) They are badly affected by poor seeing and atmospheric turbulence.
83)
84) Increasing the temperature of a blackbody by a factor of 2 will increase its energy by a factor of:
A) 4.
B) 8.
C) 16.
D) 32.
E) 2.
84)
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TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
85) Optical telescopes are usually used only at night, but radio telescopes can be used day or night.
85)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
86) The total energy radiated by a blackbody depends on:
A) the square of its temperature.
B) the cube of its temperature.
C) the square root of its temperature.
D) the fourth power of its temperature.
E) the cube root of its temperature.
86)
87) The tendency of a wave to bend as it passes from one transparent medium to
another is called:
A) reflection.
B) interference.
C) diffraction.
D) dispersion.
E) refraction.
87)
88) Kepler's second law implies what about planetary motion?
A) A planet moves slower when it is closer to the Sun.
B) A planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.
C) A planet moves faster when it is farther from the Sun.
D) A planet moves at a constant speed during its orbit of the Sun.
E) This law implies nothing about a planet's motion.
88)
89) A neon light (thin hot neon gas in a sealed tube) gives us:
A) a few bright emission lines, telling us the gas is neon.
B) a continuum, with dark lines identifying the neon atoms are present.
C) nothing visible to us, but a hot of infrared lines as heat.
D) a lot of random bright red lines due to the motion of the hot atoms.
E) a continuous spectrum, since the neon is hot enough to glow.
89)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
90) All radio telescopes are reflectors in design.
90)
91) The light gathering ability of a telescope is most dependent on the diameter of it's primary
objective mirror.
91)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
92) The most famous prehistoric astronomical observatory is:
A) Stonehenge.
B) Big Horn stone circle.
C) Mount Rushmore.
D) Carcacol.
E) the Sphinx.
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92)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
93) All wavelengths of light travel at the same speed in a vacuum, and carry the same energy per
photon.
93)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
94) Both sound waves and electromagnetic radiation:
A) transfer energy.
B) can move through space without a medium.
C) require a medium to move through space.
D) are transverse waves.
E) travel at the speed of light.
94)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
95) UV telescopes must be beneath the atmosphere.
95)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
96) Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 700 nm would be:
A) violet light.
B) microwaves.
C) X-rays.
D) red light.
E) ultraviolet light.
96)
97) Which of these was a contribution of Newton to astronomy?
A) The Sun's gravity is greatest on a planet at perihelion, so the planet must speed up.
B) Artificial satellites could be put into orbit about the Earth.
C) The Moon pulls as strongly on us as we do on it.
D) All of these were due to Newton's work.
97)
98) What is chapter 6 about?
A) History of astronomy
C) black holes
98)
B) the solar system
D) constellations
99) The force of gravity between two objects:
A) increases with the square of their masses, but decreases with the cube of their periods of
orbit about the Sun.
B) depends on the temperature, density, and size of the bodies.
C) increases with the masses of the bodies, but decreases with the square of the distances
between them.
D) increases with the masses of the bodies, but decreases with their separations.
E) depends on the density, not the mass of the bodies.
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99)
100) The three laws dealing with the creation of various spectra are due to:
A) Einstein.
B) Fraunhofer.
C) Kirchhoff.
D) Newton.
E) Bohr.
100)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
101) Different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum give us different information about what
we're looking at.
101)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
102) This design combines the radiation from two different telescopes to greatly enhance resolution
via computer synthesis.
A) interferometer
B) Newtonian reflector
C) refractor
D) prime focus reflector
E) Cassegrain reflector
102)
103) What does Kepler's third law imply about planetary motion?
A) All planets orbit the Sun at the same speed.
B) This law implies nothing about a planet's motion.
C) Planets further from the Sun orbit at a faster speed than planets closer to the Sun.
D) Planets closer to the Sun orbit at a slower speed than planets further from the Sun.
E) Planets further from the Sun orbit at a slower speed than planets closer to the Sun.
103)
104) Which of the characteristics below describes the terrestrial planets?
A) widely spaced through the outer solar system
B) very small icy bodies
C) having rings
D) small and rocky
E) large and gaseous
104)
105) The element first found in the Sun's spectrum, then on Earth 30 years later, is
A) helium
B) hydrogen.
C) solarium.
D) aluminum.
E) technicum.
105)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
106) Radio telescopes don't need to be so smooth or even solid because radio waves are so much
longer than visible waves.
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106)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
107) The wavelength at which a blackbody radiates most depends on its:
A) radius.
B) direction of motion.
C) mass.
D) magnetic fields.
E) temperature.
107)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
108) The line intensity of a spectrum depends on the abundance of a particular element
108)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
109) The temperature scale that places zero at the point where all atomic and molecular motion ceases
is:
A) Fahrenheit.
B) centigrade.
C) Ransom.
D) Celsius.
E) Kelvin.
109)
110) Which planet alone has oxygen in its atmosphere?
A) Venus
B) Mars
110)
C) Colorado
D) Earth
111) Typical stellar spectra (like our sun) appear as:
A) a very red shifted rainbow due to the expansion of the universe.
B) a rainbow with some bright lines on top of the continuum.
C) a series of bright, colored lines.
D) a rainbow, but with some dark lines mixed in.
E) an unbroken rainbow of colors.
111)
112) Which of the following type of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?
A) infrared
B) x-ray
C) ultraviolet
D) radio
E) visible
112)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
113) Galaxies look the same whether viewed in visible or x-ray wavelengths.
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113)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
114) Today we rely largely on what technique to precisely measure distances in the solar system?
A) transits of Venus across the Sun
B) timings of the eclipses of its moons by Jupiter's shadow
C) precise measurements of length of the year with atomic clocks
D) measurement of stellar parallaxes.
E) radar echo timings (bouncing radio waves off of Venus)
114)
115) Which characteristic listed below describes the jovian planets?
A) solid surfaces
B) small masses
C) low density
D) close to the Sun
E) slow rotational period
115)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
116) The spectral lines of each element are distinctive to that element, whether we are looking at
emission or absorption lines.
116)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
117) What information about an astronomical object can be determined by observing its spectrum?
A) its temperature
B) its radial motion
C) its chemical composition
D) all of the above
117)
118) What is true about solar system densities?
A) Saturn has the same density as water.
B) Planetary density increases with increasing distance from the Sun.
C) The asteroids all have about the same density.
D) The denser planets lie closer to the Sun.
E) In differentiated bodies, the denser materials lie near their surfaces.
118)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
119) The absorption lines for a cool thin gas are identical in color and energy to the emission lines of
the same gas if hot enough to glow.
119)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
120) What problem do refractor telescopes have that reflectors don't?
A) light loss from secondary elements
B) bad seeing
C) chromatic aberration
D) diffraction limited resolution
E) spherical aberration
120)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
121) The 3 properties of optical telescopes we discussed are light gathering power, resolution, and
magnifiaction.
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121)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
122) The observed spectral lines of a star are all shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.
Which statement is true?
A) The star is not rotating.
B) The star has a radial velocity towards us.
C) This is an example of the Doppler effect.
D) This is an example of the photoelectric effect.
122)
123) In composition and mass and density, Jupiter is most like:
A) a large terrestrial planet.
B) the Sun.
C) a huge comet.
D) a gigantic asteroid.
E) a huge Kuiper belt Object.
123)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
124) X-rays travel at a greater speed than radio waves.
124)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
125) The Doppler Effect is a phenomenon that allows one to measure an object's:
A) tangential motion.
B) chemical composition.
C) temperature.
D) radius.
E) radial motion.
125)
126) What aspects of the planets orbits are nearly the same for most planets in the solar system?
A) orbital period and shape
B) orbital period and distance from the Sun
C) tilt from the ecliptic and distance from the Sun
D) orbital shape, direction, and plane
E) shape and distance from the Sun
126)
127) Which of these observations of Galileo refuted Ptolemy's epicycles?
A) the rotation of sunspots across the sun's surface
B) the complete cycle of Venus' phases
C) the craters on the Moon
D) the visibility of many more stars with the telescope
E) the revolution of Jupiter's moons around it
127)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
128) The only parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that we get full coverage of with ground based
telescopes are the visible and radio wavelengths.
128)
129) An x-ray photon has more energy than a visible photon.
129)
17
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
130) The process occurring when photons bounce off a polished surface is called:
A) diffraction.
B) refraction.
C) interference.
D) dispersion.
E) reflection.
130)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
131) Spectroscopy of a star can reveal its temperature, composition, and line-of-sight motion.
131)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
132) The plane in which almost all planets orbit the sun is called the:
A) equant.
B) node.
C) ecliptic.
D) equator of the solar system.
E) galactic plane.
132)
133) Tycho Brahe's contribution to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion were
A) a precise lunar calendar.
B) the correct explanation of lunar phases.
C) a mathematical explanation of epicycles.
D) his detailed and accurate observations of the planet's position.
E) his observations of Jupiter's moons.
133)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
134) Light gathering power depends on the "aperature size" of the telescope
134)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
135) According to Kepler's third law, the square of the planet's period in years is:
A) equal to the fourth power of its average temperature in degrees Kelvin.
B) proportional to the cube of its semimajor axis in A.U.
C) inversely proportional to its mass in kilograms.
D) equal to the square of its aphelion distance in A.U.
E) equal to its perihelion distance from the Sun in A.U.
135)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
136) In addition to visible light, Hubble can do some work in the infrared and ultraviolet portions of
the spectrum.
136)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
137) The visible color of electromagnetic radiation that has the shortest wavelength is:
A) violet.
B) green.
C) blue.
D) orange.
18
137)
E) red.
138) If the rest wavelength of a certain line is 600 nm., but we observe it at 594 nm, then
A) the source is approaching us
B) the source is spinning very rapidly
C) the source is getting hotter as we watch.
D) the source is receding from us
138)
139) The Kuiper Belt is found where in the solar system?
A) among the orbits of the terrestrial planets
B) beyond the orbit of Neptune
C) sixty degrees ahead or behind Jupiter
D) between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
E) between the orbits of Jupiter and Uranus
139)
140) What is spectroscopy?
A) a method to freeze atmospheric turbulence for better resolution
B) an analysis of the way in which atoms absorb and emit light
C) a study of the geometry of rainbows
D) an observational technique to measure the brightness of light at different colors
E) the use of CCDs to capture light more efficiently than with photographic film
140)
141) Which of these was NOT a part of the original Copernican model?
A) The Sun lies at the center of the solar system.
B) Mercury must move faster in its orbit than any other planet.
C) The Earth rotates on its axis once a day.
D) Mercury speeds up at perihelion, and slows down at aphelion.
E) Venus can go all the way around the Sun.
141)
142) The comparing and contrasting the properties of the diverse worlds we encounter is called
A) radiology
B) stargazing
C) spectroscopy
D) comparitive planetology
142)
143) An emission spectrum can be used to identify a(n)
A) neutrino
B) neutron
C) atom
D) electron.
E) proton
143)
144) Electromagnetic radiation:
A) has only the properties of waves.
B) can behave both as a wave and as a particle.
C) can only travel in a dense medium.
D) is the same as a sound wave.
E) has nothing in common with radio waves.
144)
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145)
145)
Stars like our Sun emit most of their light in which part of the electromagnetic spectrum?
A) the visible
B) the X-ray
C) the ultraviolet
D) the radio
E) the infrared
146) In astronomy, an interferometer can be used to
A) decrease the effects of light pollution in getting darker sky backgrounds
B) improve the angular resolution of radio telescopes
C) speed up the processing of CCD images
D) increase the sensitivity of infrared telescopes to longer wavelengths
E) yield better seeing conditions with optical telescopes
146)
147) What problem is adaptive optics designed to correct?
A) the effects of atmospheric turbulence
B) defects in the optical figuring, such as with the adaptive optics on HST
C) the absorption of ultraviolet by the ozone layer
D) slight tracking errors in trying to compensate for our unsteady rotation
E) the opacity of the Earth's atmosphere
147)
20
Answer Key
Testname: MIDTERMREVIEW2015CH1-6
1) TRUE
2) D
3) D
4) TRUE
5) TRUE
6) C
7) B
8) TRUE
9) TRUE
10) B
11) C
12) TRUE
13) TRUE
14) C
15) A
16) B
17) B
18) C
19) B
20) B
21) C
22) E
23) D
24) E
25) C
26) B
27) FALSE
28) B
29) D
30) D
31) TRUE
32) FALSE
33) D
34) B
35) D
36) C
37) B
38) C
39) C
40) C
41) D
42) B
43) C
44) D
45) A
46) B
47) C
48) C
49) C
21
Answer Key
Testname: MIDTERMREVIEW2015CH1-6
50) B
51) TRUE
52) E
53) C
54) E
55) TRUE
56) E
57) TRUE
58) B
59) A
60) E
61) E
62) E
63) A
64) A
65) E
66) C
67) E
68) B
69) B
70) D
71) TRUE
72) C
73) E
74) D
75) A
76) B
77) A
78) TRUE
79) A
80) A
81) E
82) D
83) C
84) C
85) TRUE
86) D
87) E
88) B
89) A
90) TRUE
91) TRUE
92) A
93) FALSE
94) A
95) FALSE
96) D
97) D
98) B
22
Answer Key
Testname: MIDTERMREVIEW2015CH1-6
99) C
100) C
101) TRUE
102) A
103) E
104) D
105) A
106) TRUE
107) E
108) TRUE
109) E
110) D
111) D
112) D
113) FALSE
114) E
115) C
116) TRUE
117) D
118) D
119) TRUE
120) C
121) TRUE
122) C
123) B
124) FALSE
125) E
126) D
127) B
128) TRUE
129) TRUE
130) E
131) TRUE
132) C
133) D
134) TRUE
135) B
136) TRUE
137) A
138) A
139) B
140) B
141) D
142) D
143) C
144) B
145) A
146) B
147) A
23