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World War II Study Guide All of the following will be covered on your World War 2 test, which will be Monday, June 1. Unit learning Targets: 1. The goals and background of three dictators that threaten peace in WWII Hitler: Austrian born. WWI hero. Used Jews as scapegoats for German suffering after WW1. Wanted to avenge the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Legally rose to power – then declared himself dictator. The writing of “Mein Kampf” helped to develop his goals and ideals. Stalin: Communist dictator takes power after Lenin’s mysterious death. Mussolini: Fascist leader who dreams of reviving the glory of the Roman Empire 2. Define totalitarianism: is a political system in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible 3. How totalitarianism leads to WWII: Creates tension within Europe Totalitarian leaders begin aggressive acts with threaten the peace after WW1 4. Differentiate between Communism and Fascism Fascism: Good of the state over the good of the individual Strong Central government Strict class system Free market economy but can be disrupted at any time by the government Communism: goal is eventual abolition of government Work to achieve a classless society Government controls all production and distribution of resources 5. Hitler’s Aggressions that lead to WWII (Violations of the Treaty of Versailles) Arming of the Rhineland Annexation of Austria Acquisition of the Sudentenland Military buildup and development of new military technology 6. The policy of Appeasement and its subsequent failure Weak League of Nations and European response to Hitler aggressions Munich Pact is seen as the embodiment of appeasement – led to Chamberlain’s resignation Emboldened Hitler to continue his aggressive acts 7. Stages of Isolation during the Holocaust Stripping of Rights: Nuremburg Laws (know examples) Segregation: Ghettos (know characteristics) Concentration: Concentration Camps (know purpose) Extermination: Gas Chambers, etc. 8. Hitler’s Goals during the Holocaust Promote the growth and superiority of the Aryan race Take over lands taken by the Treaty of Versailles Rid all German occupied lands of Jewish influence 9. Impact on Survivors Anecdotal 10. The role and tactics of the use of Propaganda: Sway public opinion, call to action, identify a “bad guy” Propaganda uses fear, guilt, the desire to be part of the crowd, etc.. 11. The background of the following battles: Battle of Britain, Stalingrad, Atlantic, North African Front, Italian Campaign, DDay, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa Battle of Britain: Air assault of Great Britain by Germany after the fall of France Hitler hoped to break the spirit of the British people – accomplished the opposite RAF was more technologically advanced than the Luftwaft and finally able to defeat Germany Stalingrad: Hitler invades, thereby breaking their Non-Aggression pact Tactical mistakes by Germany helped the Soviet Union defeat Germany Tremendous human losses by the Soviet Union make the people weary of war The Allies come to the aid of the Soviet Union Atlantic: continual fighting for control of the seas Great Britain dominates North African Front: Allies eventually defeat Rommel – the Desert Fox – and gain control of the Mediterranean seaway Battle of Midway: considered by most to be the turning point on the war in the Pacific Gave the Allies a clear path to move into Tokyo Guadalcanal: Major Japanese losses resulted in their eventual evacuation of the island Allies used a surprise attack tactic Important strategically as it secured the shipping lanes between Australia and the Asian front Iwo Jima: very small island but important strategically as it contained two important landing strips to resupply troops Deadly battle which demonstrated the resolve of the Japanese Okinawa: Kamikaze pilots had a major impact on this battle resulting in heavy American losses An eventual American victory which helped sway American opinion that a major move would have to be made to defeat the Japanese 12. US Entrance & Pearl Harbor US original stance was isolationist – dealing with Great Depression Lend Lease act lifts US out of neutrality Bombing of Pearl Harbor – Dec 7, 1941 Declaration of War – Dec 8, 1941 Germany and Italy then declare war on the US Japan angry at US for freezing Japanese assets in American banks Japan needed oil found in US controlled Philippenes 13. The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb: Reasons and impact Manhattan Project was the secret mission to develop the bomb Led by Oppenheimer Truman concerned Japanese would never surrender Wanted to demonstrate power of bomb to the Soviet Union Concepts to Understand: Condition of Europe (post WWI) Genocide (“Final Solution”) Japanese Aggression (Manchuria) European Theater Totalitarianism Fascism Rise of Hitler Aryan Race Civilians as Targets (Battle of Britain) Pacific Theater Nazism People and Terms to Know: Hitler Roosevelt Non-Aggression Pact Atlantic Charter Pearl Harbor Concentration Camps Yalta Kamikaze Stalin Hirohito Axis Powers Blitzkrieg Stalingrad D-Day MacArthur Manhattan Project Mussolini Tojo Allies Battle of Britain “Final Solution” Rommel Aircraft Carriers Atomic Bomb Churchill Appeasement Lend-Lease Act Propaganda Holocaust V-E Day Island Hopping Hiroshima /Nagasaki