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ECVO exam
Slide sample questions
1. Feline eye
a. List any abnormalities
b. What is the correct
diagnosis?
c. Briefly describe the
aetiopathogenesis
2. Equine fundus image
a. What is the funduscopic
abnormality seen?
b. From which
embryological layer does
the affected tissue arise?
3. Turtle, 5years old
This animal, housed in an
aquarium and fed an insect/ meat
diet, presented with bilaterally
swollen and closed eyelids, and
poor growth.
a. What is the most likely
aetiological diagnosis?
b. What systemic signs may be
present?
c. What treatment is advised?
4. Gonioscopy, two year-old dog
a. What abnormality is
shown ?
b. Complete an ECVO eye
examination form
(supplied) for this
patient
ECVO SLIDE EXAM: WRITE YOUR CANDIDATE NUMBER HERE:
ECVO FORM FOR Q4
5. Equine fundus image
In association with which
equine systemic disease
have these lesions been
described?
6. Gonioscopy, 6yo Flat-coated
retriever
• What are the two major
diagnoses seen in this
photograph ?
7. Ultrasound image of a canine eye
a. Describe any
ultrasonographic
abnormalities
b. What is the most likely
clinical diagnosis?
8. Right eye of a cat. This condition is
bilateral
a. State a correct term
for this pupillary
condition
b. Which cranial nerve is
affected in this
condition?
c. Which branch of the
above nerve is
affected?
9. Image of a canine fundus
• What is the exact
location of the indicated
lesion (be precise)?
10. Histologic micrograph
a. What part of the eye is
shown ?
b. List two major
histopathological
abnormalities seen?
11. Image of a Bernese mountain dog
• List three systemic
diseases as a possible
cause for these ocular
signs.
12. Clinical photograph
• This pupil has been
dilated with
Tropicamide. List the
two main intraocular
clinical diagnoses
13. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy
• What abnormality is
identified (be specific
regarding localisation)
14. Right eye of a rabbit
a. List two ocular
abnormalities
b. What is the most likely
aetiology?
15. Cytological sample, equine eye
a. Describe your findings
b. List two possible
infectious causative
agents
16. Miniature poodle, male, 3 yo, OD
a. State the correct term
for this ophthalmoscopic
finding
b. List six possible
underlying systemic
diseases
17. Fundus image
a. What type of animal
does this fundus
belong to ?
b. What is the correct
term for the indicated
areas b1 and b2 ?
B1
B2
18. Dachshund, 12 years old.
CT scan image
List 4 radiological (NB not
clinical) abnormalities
R
L
19. Left orbit of a canine skull
• Name the three
openings from the top
left to the bottom right.
20. Skull radiograph, 3 year crossbreed
dog
• Describe any radiographic
abnormalities
Correct answers
1a.Shallow anterior chamber, anteriorly displaced lens
1b. Aqueous misdirection syndrome
1c. Misdirection of aqueous humour posteriorly through small breaks in
the hyaloid near the vitreous base. Increased vitreous pressure causes
anterior displacement of lens and a shallow AC
2a. Focal RPE hypopigmentation/ RPE coloboma
2b. Neuroectoderm
3a. Hypovitaminosis A
3b. Squamous metaplasia of renal, pancreatic, GIT and respiratory
epithelia
3c. Commercial trout pellets if still eating, parenteral Vitamin A, topical
antibiotics
Correct answers
4a. Pectinate ligament dysplasia or goniodysgenesis
4b. Form filled correctly, box 8 and Occlusio box ticked
5. Equine motor neuron disease / Vitamin E deficiency
6a. Pectinate Ligament Dysplasia/ goniodysgenesis
6b. Limbal melanocytoma (endothelial pigmentation also accepted)
7a. Hyperechoic area adjacent to posterior lens capsule, with
disruption of lens capsule
7b. Posterior lens capsule rupture
Correct answers
8a. Hemidilation (reversed D-shaped pupil also acceptable)
8b. Oculomotor nerve
8c. Malar nerve
9. Pre-retinal
10a. Iridocorneal drainage angle
10b. Two of: PLD, collapsed angle, recessed angle
11. Histiocytic sarcoma/ malignant histiocytosis/ lymphosarcoma/
Leishmaniasis
Correct answers
12. Cataract, microphakia
13. Crystalline opacity/ cataract located within lens nucleus
14a. Two of: Iris abscessation, iris neovascularisation, iris
hyperaemia
14b. Encephalitozoon cuniculi
15a Epithelial cell with intracellular rod like bacteria visible
15b. Pseudomonas, Listeria
Correct answers
16a. Lipid retinopathy/ lipaemia retinalis
16b. Six of: Hyperlipidaemia, pancreatitis, hypothyroidism, diabetes
mellitus, Cushings disease, liver disease, protein-losing
nephropathy, high fat diet
17a. Primate
17b1. Macula
17b2. Fovea
18. Soft tissue density mass in left orbit; anterior displacement of
left globe; indentation of posterior L globe; increased radiodensities
within mass
Correct answers
19. Optic foramen/ Orbital fissure/ Rostral alar foramen
20. Large radiodense mass in the right orbit (without signs of
osteolysis)