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Hart Library and Research Center o Search Collection Catalogs o Research Tools o Collections o Collection Stories o Photographs and Moving Images o NAGPRA Program o Services and Policies o Classes and Programs OAHP Summit County Breckenridge Dillon Keystone Montezuma Frisco Slate Creek Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Breckenridge Boreas Railroad Station Site Boreas Pass Rd., Pike National Forest, southeast of Breckenridge National Register 10/28/1993, 5ST.494 / 5PA.585 The site, located at an elevation of 11,498 feet, was a key element of the Denver South Park & Pacific Railroad’s route that ran from Como to Breckenridge and then on to Leadville. The DSP&P completed its narrow gauge line 1883. The station functioned as a major hub both during construction of the route and during its period of operation from 1882 to 1937. The most prominent surviving structure is the one and one half story log section house, which has been restored. (1998 photograph.) Breckenridge Historic District Breckenridge National Register 4/9/1980, 5ST.130 Located in the Rocky Mountains approximately 100 miles west of Denver, Breckenridge is an example of a mining boom town that experienced a new era of prosperity as a result of the post World War II boom in the ski industry. Settlement in the area began in 1859. The district contains approximately 180 structures and includes excellent examples of the late 19th and early 20th century commercial, residential and religious architecture associated with Colorado mountain mining communities. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1977 photograph.) Masonic Placer Cemetery ~ Valley Brook Cemetery 905 Airport Rd. National Register 7/18/2014, 5ST.884 The 1882 Masonic Placer Cemetery - Valley Brook Cemetery has an unusual Celtic cross design and is important for its association with the development of the Town of Breckenridge and Summit County. Additionally, it is the final resting place for Edwin Carter, a naturalist whose life work to study and preserve each type of wildlife found in Colorado’s Rocky Mountains was important to Breckenridge and Colorado. (2013 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.31 MB) back to the top Dillon Porcupine Peak Site East of Dillon National Register 8/1/1980, 5ST.98 Located on a river terrace, this prehistoric site is significant for its numerous occupational components, extensive time range, and evidence suggesting a variety of cultural activities. back to the top Frisco Frisco Schoolhouse 120 Main St. National Register 9/15/1983, 5ST.258 Built circa 1890, this wood frame rural schoolhouse includes an elaborate bell tower and a stained glass window. Listed under Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1996 photograph.) Staley-Rouse House 518 Main St. State Register 5/31/2007, 5ST.1074 The 1909 Staley-Rouse House is a rare example of vertical and horizontal structural log construction in a domestic design. The juxtaposition of the vertical logs of the first story with the horizontal logs of the upper story is exceptionally uncommon. The use of difficult keyed half-notching on the joints of the horizontal logs may reflect Nordic (possibly Finnish) influences in the house’s design and construction. The building displays a high level of workmanship. Despite alterations in the 1980s, the house is an example of the town’s early architecture and is one of the best preserved buildings in Frisco in its original location. (2005 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.12 MB). Wildhack’s Grocery Store - Post Office 510 Main St. National Register 5/16/1985, 5ST.326 The building, which served as a local gathering place, consists of two wood frame structures. During the 1920s, the two-story front gabled roof portion was added on to a late 19th century one-story, side gable roof cabin. The building housed the U.S. Post Office from 1914 to 1966, and for many years was the only general store in Frisco. (1987 photograph.) back to the top Keystone Soda Creek Homestead Off Keystone Ranch Rd. National Register 3/1/2010, 5ST.366 Soda Creek Ranch was of the region’s earliest homesteads beginning in the late 1880s. It was used as a dairy and hay ranch through early era and later as a Hereford cattle ranch with continued hay production into the early 1970s. Soda Creek Ranch served as a prominent guest ranch between circa 1924-60. The ranch contains intact Pioneer Log buildings associated with Colorado’s early mining and settlement along with four later log buildings with hog trough construction and a Rustic style influence. back to the top Montezuma Montezuma Schoolhouse 5375 Webster St. National Register 1/9/2007, 5ST.1043 The school building served as the educational center for this high mountain mining community from its construction in 1884 up until school consolidation brought about its closure in 1958. The building embodies the distinctive characteristics of the one-room schoolhouse building type. Its purpose is easily discerned by its form. The school exhibits such typical features as a front gabled roof, bell tower, vestibule, tall narrow windows, and associated privies. Listed under the Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. More information (PDF, 656 kb). back to the top Slate Creek Slate Creek Bridge County Rd. 1450, over Blue River National Register 6/24/1985, 5ST.324 Constructed by the American Bridge Company in 1924, this replacement bridge over the Blue River north of Dillon consists of a rigid-connected, eight-panel steel Parker pony truss with buttresses. It is the only Colorado example of this Pratt subtype. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: San Miguel County Ophir Placerville Telluride Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Ophir Rio Grande Southern Railroad Bridge 51-A Forest Service Rd. 626, southeast of Hwy. 145, Ophir vicinity State Register 5/14/1997, 5SM.2030.14 Constructed between 1910 and 1912, this 146-foot long wooden bridge is associated with the Rio Grande Southern Railway. Built on a sharp 24-degree curve, its engineering reflects the suitability of the narrow gauge lines in Colorado’s difficult mountainous terrain. Rio Grande Southern Railroad Trout Lake Water Tank Ophir vicinity National Register 8/21/2003, 5SM.2030.13 A rare surviving example of a once common structure in Colorado’s railroad landscape, the tank provided water to countless steam locomotives on the Ridgway to Rico division of the Rio Grande Southern Railroad (RGS) from its construction in 1891 until the last RGS train ran the line in 1951. The tank was a very necessary stop, especially for trains that consumed a great deal of water while working in the area’s heavy snows and difficult terrain. The RGS constructed sixteen water tanks, at approximately ten-mile increments, along its 162-mile length to service locomotives. These tanks were of wood construction with conical roofs and a 50,000-gallon capacity that dispensed water by gravity through a goose neck delivery spout. After abandonment, all but three of the water tanks were removed, and Trout Lake is the best preserved. Listed under Railroads in Colorado, 18581948 Multiple Property Submission. Valley View Leasing & Mining Company Mill Ophir vicinity National Register 2/24/2010, 5SM.6717 The 1920 Valley View Leasing and Mining Company Mill, commonly known as the Matterhorn Mill, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A in the area of industry at the local level of significance for its contribution to the 20th-century silver mining in Colorado's San Juan Mountains where it related directly to mining within San Bernardo Mountain. When constructed the Matterhorn Mill was a state-of-the-art flotation mill that utilized new technology to produce a higher grade concentrate than could be accomplished by the old-style stamp mill with concentration (shaker) tables. Matterhorn Mill remains as nearly complete an example of a concentration mill using the first generation of the flotation system extant in the American West. Matterhorn Mill is further eligible under Criterion C in the area of engineering at the local level of significance. The mill is listed under the National Register Multiple Property Documentation Form The Mining Industry in Colorado: Mining Technology, Methods, and Equipment in Colorado: 1858-2005, representing the Ore-Concentration Facility—Concentration Mill property type. (2009 photograph.) More information (PDF, 108 kb). back to the top Placerville Schmid Ranch 4553 County Rd. 60M, Placerville vicinity State Register 8/14/2002, 5SM.2770 Long associated with the history of high country ranching on Wilson Mesa, the Schmid Ranch contains three distinct ranchsteads developed on five homestead parcels. The original 160 acre homestead dates from 1882. Over the years, the ranch functioned as an important hay producing, cattle, and dairy operation. The collection of buildings, dating from the 1880s to the 1970s, represents the vernacular nature of agricultural buildings, their evolution and growth through continued use, and the pattern of relocation to accommodate changing needs. In addition, many of the buildings illustrate a variety of log construction techniques. The ranch is the last intact example of the many agricultural operations that once covered the mesa. Due to increasing development pressures, members of the Schmid family have placed a conservation easement on the approximately 800 acre property. More information (PDF, 92 kb). back to the top Telluride Fall Creek Tram at Primos Siding Off Hwy. 145, west of Sawpit, Telluride vicinity State Register 5/14/1997, 5SM.2847 Constructed in 1918 with some rebuilding in 1940, the tram is important as the last remaining structure from the vanadium mining industry that operated in the Lower San Miguel Mining District. The tram is one of very few surviving aerial tramways in the region. (1997 photograph.) Fort Peabody Uncompahgre National Forest, Telluride vicinity National Register 3/30/2005, 5OR.1377 / 5SM.3805 Straddling the Ouray & San Miguel County lines near Telluride at an elevation of over 13,000 feet, Fort Peabody is associated with Colorado’s hard-rock labor strikes of 190304. A local Colorado National Guard unit constructed this redoubt in early 1904. Consisting of a small guardhouse, a flag mount, and what some characterized as a sniper’s nest, troops occupied the defensive fortification until martial law was revoked in June of that year. Built for a single purpose - to prevent members of the Western Federation of Miners, union sympathizers, and previously deported men from entering San Miguel County by way of Imogene Pass - the site illustrates how quickly and often illegally mine owner management gained control of local government and the Colorado National Guard to run roughshod over the legal, political, and economic rights of union members. The fort was named for then Governor James H. Peabody, who used the national guard to realize the anti-union objectives of the mine owners. The site tells the story of conquest, class, and the role of state government. It epitomizes the conflict between mine owners and the Western Federation of Miners, the questionable use of the national guard, and the discrimination faced by union members. (2004 photograph.) Lewis Mill Telluride vicinity National Register 5/6/2009, 5SM.4180 The 1910 Lewis Mill is a distinctive example of engineering and high country milling technology. At the time of its construction, the Lewis Mill was a state-of-the-art ore concentration mill. The Lewis Mill is the only transitional mill in Colorado that retains its original milling equipment. Additionally, the mill utilized technology developed by Robert H. Richards, a nationally recognized mining engineer from the Massachusetts School of Technology. The Lewis Mill contains the only remaining example of the Richards method of ore concentration in Colorado and is listed at the State level of significance. (2008 photograph.) More information (PDF, 7.47 MB). For information about the State Historical Fund’s participation in the preservation of this property see the Project Snapshot. Smuggler-Union Hydroelectric Power Plant / Bridal Veil Powerhouse East of Telluride National Register 12/27/1979, 5SM.751 Opened in 1907, the power plant is associated with the development of the SmugglerUnion Mining Company, one of Colorado’s most important producers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Telluride Historic District Colo. Hwy. 145, roughly includes all the commercial and residential area as well as the Lone Tree Cemetery to the east National Historic Landmark 7/4/1961, National Register 10/15/1966, Boundary Adjustments: 12/1/1976, 9/30/1988, 5SM.752 The district encompasses most of the original town and is significant for its association with the settlement of the western frontier and the development of metal mining. The architecture of its approximately 300 contributing buildings is representative of 19th century western mining "boom town" construction. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (Miner's Union Hospital photograph.) Vance Junction Coal Chute Along railroad grade, north of Ilium, Telluride vicinity State Register 5/14/1997, 5SM.951.8 The circa 1890 chute is associated with the Rio Grande Southern Railway’s narrow-gauge line that operated through the mountainous regions of southwestern Colorado. Once common along coal burning railroads, it is Colorado’s only remaining coaling chute on a narrow-gauge line. (2002 photograph.) back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: National & State Register Historians Region Map Contact Erika Warzel (303-866-4683) Contact Heather Peterson (303-866if your site is in the following counties: 4684) if your site is in the following counties: Alamosa Arapahoe Archuleta Chaffee Conejos Costilla Custer Delta Denver Dolores Douglas Elbert El Paso Fremont Gunnison Hinsdale Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Huerfano La Plata Lake Mesa Mineral Montezuma Montrose Ouray Park Pitkin Pueblo Rio Grande Saguache San Juan San Miguel Teller Adams Baca Bent Boulder Broomfield Cheyenne Clear Creek Crowley Denver Eagle Garfield Gilpin Grand Jackson Jefferson Kiowa Kit Carson Larimer Las Animas Lincoln Logan Moffat Morgan Otero Phillips Prowers Rio Blanco Rio Grande Routt Sedgwick Summit Washington Weld Yuma Saguache County Crestone Mosca Location Restricted La Garita Saguache Moffat Sargents Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Crestone Crestone School Cottonwood St. & Carbonate Ave. National Register 1/9/1986, 5SH.1014 Constructed during the 1880s, clapboards were installed over the original board and batten siding in 1901. This rural schoolhouse continued to serve the area’s children until 1949. Listed under Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. back to the top La Garita Capilla de San Juan Bautista La Garita vicinity National Register 2/8/1980, 5SH.125 The adobe church with its steeply pitched roof, lancet windows, and prominent bell tower is an example of Territorial Adobe style architecture with Gothic Revival influences. Replacing an earlier church that burned, construction began in 1912 and was not completed until 1923. As in most Hispanic communities, the church became the center of both social and religious activities. The grounds include the ruins of an adobe nunnery and a cemetery with hand-carved grave markers. Abandoned in 1957 and fallen into disrepair, the building was restored and converted into a folk art center. (1996 photograph.) Carnero Creek Pictographs Rio Grande National Forest National Register 6/5/1975, 5SH.48 There are several recognizable motifs on these pictograph panels, including spirals, crescents, bird tracks, ladders, and stick and animal figures. Like most rock art, it has the potential to provide information regarding ceremonial practices, such as shamanism. back to the top Moffat First Baptist Church of Moffat 401 Lincoln Ave. National Register 7/24/2008, 5SH.1020 The 1911 building is an excellent example of the use of on-site formed, panel-faced ornamental concrete blocks in a small but elegant church building. The irregular plan and cross-gabled roof building is also noteworthy for its primary and secondary steeples and its use of pressed metal roof shingles and siding. Original stained glass windows are present throughout the building as is the interior pressed metal ceiling. Though structural deterioration is a current problem, the church retains a high degree of physical integrity in relation to its original construction. The property is associated with the Ornamental Concrete Block Buildings in Colorado, 1900-1940 Multiple Property Submission. (2006 photograph.) More information (PDF, 748 kb). back to the top Mosca Indian Grove Mosca vicinity National Register 3/24/2000, 5SH.1035 Indian Grove, located within Great Sand Dunes National Monument, is a concentration of 72 mature ponderosa pine trees, many of which contain large scars. Archaeologists believe that Ute Indians peeled the bark from these trees, and that the site can provide important information about Ute social history and subsistence strategies. The majority of these culturally modified trees were peeled between 1816 and 1848. Very few definitive Ute sites have been identified in Colorado. back to the top Saguache Dunn's Block / Means & Ashley Mercantile Company 317-325 4th St. State Register 8/31/2006, 5SH.1901 The property consists of an 1874 building with a ca. 1910 addition. The older portion is representative of the Italianate style, reflected in its brick walls with quoins, the projecting metal cornice, and the tall, narrow arched window and door openings marked with hood molds and keystones. It is the most architecturally sophisticated of Saguache’s early buildings. A variety of businesses occupied the building, contributing to the commercial success of Saguache. The building subsequently housed one of the town’s most prominent businesses-Means & Ashley Mercantile. The building’s history typifies the pattern of commercial activity experienced in the first fifty years of Saguache’s development. Early on, the building hosted important political meetings and social gatherings, and served as the meeting lodge for several of the town’s fraternal organizations, including the Odd Fellows, Masons, and Woodmen. The Masons continue to meet here. (2006 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.45 MB). Saguache County Courthouse 504 4th St. State Register 8/11/1993, 5SH.1392 Designed by John J. Huddart, this Classical Revival style 1910 brick building includes 2½ stories and a raised basement. (1993 photograph.) Saguache Downtown Historic District 300 and 400 blocks of 4th Street and adjacent side street parcels National Register, 7/25/2014, 5SH.4597 The Saguache Downtown Historic District is locally significant in the area of commerce for its historic role as the commercial center of the Town of Saguache and the upper San Luis Valley since its founding in 1874. The district is further locally significant in the area of architecture, representing an intact collection of one- and two-story late nineteenth- and early twentieth century commercial buildings, including an impressive number of buildings featuring false front and adobe construction. More information (PDF, 5.73 MB). Saguache Elementary School 605 Christy Ave. State Register 8/11/1993, 5SH.1393 The architectural firm of Manning & Frewen designed this two-story H-shaped brick building that was constructed in 1915. The building is a good example of the Mediterranean style, as evidenced by its tile roof, restrained ornamentation, and round arched windows and entrance. Saguache Flour Mill County Rd. 57 National Register 9/18/1978, 5SH.458 Constructed in 1873 by Enos Hotchkiss, a prominent Colorado pioneer, the wood frame three-story building is a lone survivor of an important early industry in Saguache County. It is believed to be one of the few remaining water powered grist mills in Colorado. (1976 photograph.) Saguache School & Jail Building US Hwy. 285 & San Juan Ave. National Register 5/2/1975, 5SH.124 One of the oldest buildings in Saguache, the adobe school was constructed in 1874. The adjoining jail was built in 1908. The buildings have served as the Saguache County Museum since 1959. St. Agnes Mission Church 505 Gunnison St. State Register 9/10/2003, 5SH.1658 The 1947 building is an unusual vernacular expression of Pueblo Deco, a melding of Art Deco with Southwest Indian designs. The church possesses the distinctive characteristics of this style as evident in its angular composition, vertical emphasis, stepped parapet, corbelled cut-outs, and geometric designs. (2003 photograph.) More information (PDF, 60 kb). back to the top Sargents Sargents Schoolhouse 346 Hicks Ave. State Register 12/13/1995, 5SH.1485 The 1924 Sargents Schoolhouse played an important role in the education and social activities of the residents of Sargents and nearby communities. Even after it ceased to function as a school in 1960, it continued to serve as a community center, with volunteers actively supporting its maintenance. (2002 photograph.) Sargents Water Tank 45 Front St. National Register 8/12/2010, 5SH.3633 The 1937 Denver & Rio Grande Western (D&RGW) water tank at Sargents is listed as a subtype defined in the 1998 Railroads in Colorado 1858-1948 Multiple Property Documentation Form. The tank is significant under Criterion A in the area of Transportation for its association with the operations of the D&RGW Railroad on its Marshall Pass Route. The tank provided water for a vast number of steam locomotives traveling the pass from its construction in 1937 through the closing of the line in 1955. The D&RGW Sargents water tank is further significant under Criterion C in the area of Engineering as representative of a distinctive design and construction method associated with water tanks for the railroad. Tanks of identical design, materials, and construction were built throughout the D&RGW system with only a handful of these structures surviving. The Sargents water tank is the only surviving example in its original location along the entire length of the Marshall Pass route. back to the top Location Restricted Biedell Creek Archaeological District Location Restricted State Register 10/28/2010, 5SH.3997 The Biedell Creek Archaeological District comprises a cultural landscape representing approximately 10,000 years of human occupation. Based on the available archaeological data, this district is significant in the areas of prehistoric archaeology, architecture, economics, ethnic heritage, and industry. This is an area with great potential for contributing new knowledge about the prehistoric archaeology of south-central Colorado. back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: San Juan County Howardsville San Juan Silverton Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Howardsville Old Hundred Mine Boarding House & Tramhouse 721 County Rd. 4A, Howardsville vicinity State Register 3/11/1998, 5SA.32 The boarding house and the adjacent tramhouse reflect important engineering aspects of high altitude hard rock mining. Constructed in 1904, two-thousand feet up a mountain face, these buildings illustrate the resourcefulness, perseverance and technology needed to mine the rugged San Juans. Miners in the San Juans were noted for the engineering innovation of aerial tramways built above timberline to access the more valuable ore deposits. This property is associated with the Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submission. (1904 photograph.) For information about the State Historical Fund’s participation in the preservation of this property see the Project Snapshot. back to the top San Juan Placer Gulch Boarding House San Juan vicinity National Register 3/21/2011, 5SA.576 The circa 1905 Placer Gulch Boarding House is a rare surviving example of a 1½ story boarding house from the hard-rock mining era in Colorado’s San Juan Mountains. The building originally had private living quarters, a kitchen, dining room and large storage room on the first floor with benches and individual beds on the second. An adit to the Prospect Mine is just down the slope from the boarding house and the Gold Prince aerial tramway passes through this site. This property meets the requirements under the draft Multiple Property Documentation Form titled Mining Resources in San Juan County, a sub-context of the Multiple Property Documentation Form titled the Mining Industry in Colorado. It has two property types: 1) Mining Settlement and Residence - Worker Housing and 2) Hard Rock Prospect – Prospect Adit. (2008 photograph.) back to the top Silverton Animas Cañón Toll Road Between Durango and Silverton in the San Juan National Forest National Register 3/27/2017, 5SA.1466 / 5LP.1258 Constructed in 1876-77, the Animas Cañón Toll Road was the main route between Animas City (north of Durango) and Silverton during the development of the mining camps in the surrounding region. Prior to the toll road’s construction, isolation was an impediment to the settlement of Silverton and the development of its mines, with trails and roads impassable for nearly six months of the year. Sufficient supplies and equipment were brought in with great difficulty and only the highest grade ore was transported out. With the construction of the Animas Cañón Toll Road, it was possible to freight in and out of Silverton nearly yearround. Of particular importance was the stimulation the road provided for agricultural production in the Animas Valley. The road was operable from 1877 until 1882 when a branch of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad was constructed over much of the road’s original footprint and became the primary means of transport between Durango and Silverton. Surviving segments of the original toll road are the subject of the nomination. back to the top Animas Forks Silverton vicinity National Register 3/21/2011, 5SA.26 Animas Forks is significant as a representative and relatively well-preserved ghost town for its association with commerce, industry, exploration and settlement, social history and architecture. It was active during the peak of hard-rock silver and gold mining in the San Juan mountains. When established in 1875, the community was strategically situated at the confluence of the East and West Forks of the Animas River, in the center of a region being extensively prospected and developed for hard-rock silver and gold mining. After the initial boom of the early and middle 1880s, the town gradually declined in prosperity. Animas Forks suffered a cataclysmic fire in 1891 that resulted in it becoming a virtual ghost town. The establishment of the Gold Prince Mill on the eastern edge of the town resulted in a resurgence from 1905 to 1910. With closure of the Gold Prince Mill in 1910, another devastating fire in 1913, and the shutdown of the Bagley Tunnel in 1914, the town once again fell into obscurity, with only sporadic residential use from the 1920s to 1960s. It meets the requirements under the Multiple Property Documentation Form titled Mining Resources of San Juan County representing the property type Mining Settlement and Residence - Unincorporated Settlement, and also meets the requirements of the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Documentation Form. (2004 photograph.) Cascade Lodge Adjacent to Lime Creek Rd., between Durango and Silverton National Register 9/8/1988, 5SA.184 Constructed in 1928 under a special use permit within the San Juan National Forest, this two-story Rustic style log building with its unusual cross-shaped plan represents early 20th century Forest Service land use policies no longer in effect. It was originally built through community efforts as a summer camp for boy scouts, church groups, 4-H Club members, and other youth groups from the Durango and San Juan Basin. (1987 photograph.) Denver & Rio Grande Western Flanger OT Silverton Northern track on Cement Street between 7th and 10th streets State Register 9/25/2014, 5SA.1526 Built in the 1890s and rebuilt in 1943, the Flanger OT cleared snow and ice from the side of the tracks for the Railroad’s narrow gauge lines. DR&G patented “the snow flanger” in 1885, and continued to refine and improve the design, resulting in many different blade shapes, sizes and configurations over the years. Flanger Car OT is significant for engineering as a representative of snow removal equipment. The flanger is also significant for transportation for its rail service from ca.1890-1968. More information (PDF, 2.09 MB). Denver & Rio Grande Western Flatcar No. 6215 Silverton Northern track on Cement Street between 7th and 10th streets State Register 9/25/2014, 5SA.1527 Originally built in 1918 as one of ten flatcars in Class 21, Flatcar 6215 was entirely of wood. In 1937 D&RGW rebuilt the car, extending the length two feet and adding large 8” x 6” angle irons to the center and side sills and other metal bracing to strengthen it. The car is significant for engineering as a transitional narrow gauge flat car, representing the effort of the railroad to improve its existing stock of wood flat cars before converting completely to steel in 1940. Flat Car 6215 is also significant for transportation for its continued service as a revenue and maintenance car from 1918-1968. More information (PDF, 3.9 MB). Denver & Rio Grande Western Outfit Bunk Car No. 04432 Silverton Northern track on Cement Street between 7th and 10th streets State Register 9/25/2014, 5SA.1525 Outfit Bunk Car 04432 is a converted revenue boxcar originally built in 1899 and repurposed in 1914 as living quarters for rail workers servicing railroad water facilities along the rail line, work which was critical to the steam-powered narrow gauge railroad. The car is significant for engineering as a good example of an early narrow gauge box car converted for use as living quarters. It is also significant for transportation for its continued service on the narrow gauge rail lines of southwest Colorado from 1899-1968. More information (PDF, 699 KB). Denver & Rio Grande Western Tool Car No. 04351 Silverton Northern track on Cement Street between 7th and 10th streets State Register 9/25/2014, 5SA.1528 Outfit Tool Car 04351 is a boxcar originally built in 1897, reassigned as a work car in 1914 and again in 1927 to carry tools, parts, and supplies for rail crews in wrecker service along the rail line. The car is significant for engineering as a good example of a Class 6 boxcar. Its conversion in 1914 to use as a maintenance-of-way tool car required minimal changes. The car is also significant for transportation from 1897-1968 for its continued service, first as a revenue boxcar, then as a tool car for the D&RGW Chama Wrecker Train. More information (PDF, 2.3 MB). Durango-Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad Silverton to Durango National Historic Landmark 7/4/1961, National Register 10/15/1966, 5SA.14 / 5LP.302 The narrow gauge rail line, constructed between 1880 and 1882, connected the rich silver mines of the Silverton mining district with the smelters in Durango. The line formed an important transportation link for moving ores to processing centers and supplying the high mountain community with the necessities and comforts of life. From an engineering perspective, the route represents the accomplishments of late 19th century railroad builders who constructed a slender rocky ledge for the railbed through the deep and narrow Animas River canyon. The railroad continues to operate as a summer tourist attraction. Listed under Railroads in Colorado, 1858-1948 Multiple Property Submission. (1979 photograph.) Frisco-Bagley Mill 820 County Rd. 9, Silverton vicinity State Register 5/18/2005, 5SA.165 Constructed in 1912, the Frisco Mill is important for its distinctive architecture. The 150ton ore concentration mill with its massive post and beam construction is an unusual example of a prefabricated industrial building. Its pieces were pre-cut, pre-fit, and coded with numbers and letters before being shipped to the site for assembly. This speeded and simplified the construction process on site. The Bagley Tunnel, excavated between 1904 and 1911, runs for nearly one and one-half miles and was one of the first examples of cross-cut tunneling in the area. Such a tunnel allowed several different veins to be mined simultaneously or individually to meet the needs of the mill. The tunnel is notable for its size, symmetry and straight northwesterly course through Houghton Mountain. The mill and tunnel were associated with hard rock mining in the upper Animas River drainage system of the San Juan Mining District. Although the project accessed the mineral veins near the town of Mineral Point, the community of Animas Forks ultimately benefited from the construction and operation of the tunnel and mill building. This property is associated with the Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submission. More information (PDF, 1.93 MB). Gold Prince Mine, Mill, and Aerial Tramway Silverton vicinity National Register 10/13/11, 5SA.37, 5SA.585 and 5SA.1335 The Gold Prince Mine, Mill, and Aerial Tramway is a representative large-scale industrial mining and milling complex from the principal period of hard-rock mining in Colorado. The period of significance for the complex is from 1883, when Rasmus Hansen struck a rich body of ore and productive mining of the Sunnyside Extension Mine began, to 1910, when the Gold Prince Mill ceased operation. The complex has four important Areas of Significance – Archaeology, Engineering, Industry, and Transportation – and exhibits three property types: 1) Hard Rock Mine – Tunnel Mine; 2) Ore Concentration Facility – Concentration Mill; and 3) Mining Settlement and Residence – Worker Residence. This is filed under the Mining Industry in Colorado MPDF. (2006 photograph.) Martin Mining Complex 6350 County Rd. 2, Silverton vicinity State Register 12/10/2003, 5SA.1056 The Martin Mining Complex is associated with the mining industry in the San Juan Mountains and the Eureka Mining District. The complex displays the development of industrialized hard rock mining and the transportation infrastructure needed to make such mining profitable in a rugged region. The Martin Mining Complex is representative of the boom and bust cycle that was always present with industrialized mining. The 1929 Martin Boardinghouse is one of the best-preserved and largest boardinghouses still standing in the San Juan Mountains. More precisely, the Martin Boardinghouse can be called a “miners’ hotel” and is one of the largest and best preserved examples of its type. Boardinghouses typically contained one large room where supplies and materials jostled with double wood bunks three tiers high. Sometimes twenty or more men lived in this single large room. Miners’ hotels represented a step up in accommodations. The type generally contained individual bedrooms with two men to a room. Each man slept on his own bunk or bed. Indoor bathrooms offered hot water for showers. Other amenities might include a library stocked with books, magazines, and newspapers, hotel china in the dining room, and a better quality of food. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado and Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submissions. (1940s photograph.) Minnie Gulch Cabins Silverton vicinity National Register 3/21/2011, 5SA.1172 The circa 1904 -1910 Minnie Gulch Cabins site, including the cabins, dugout, and associated artifact scatters, represent a typical small residential and industrial complex associated with nearby mining during the turn of the 20th Century. Intact groupings of this sort from the hard-rock mining period in Colorado are unusual. This complex is significant for its association with the San Juan Mining boom, the pioneer log cabins typical for miners, and the potential for the complex to yield important information for history. It meets the requirements under the Multiple Property Documentation Form, Mining Resources in San Juan County, and the Multiple Property Documentation Form, Mining Industry in Colorado for the property type Mining Settlement and Residence. Shenandoah-Dives Mill Colo. Hwy. 110 National Historic Landmark 2/16/2000, National Register 2/16/2000, 5SA.398 The Shenandoah-Dives Mill, which was constructed in 1929, is an exceptionally intact example of a selective flotation mill reflecting the distinctive characteristics of hard-rock milling processes in the early 20th century Rocky Mountain West. It is also the only intact and functional late 1920s-era, wooden gravitational selective flotation mill in Colorado. Listed under the Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submission. 2010 State Historical Fund Project photos on Flickr. Sound Democrat Mill and Mine and Silver Queen Mine Silverton vicinity National Register 4/28/2015, 5SA.1537 The Sound Democrat Mill and Mine and Silver Queen Mine are a representative moderatescale industrial mining and milling complex from Colorado’s period of hard-rock mining. In 1894 mining began at the Silver Queen, followed by the Sound Democrat in 1898. The Sound Democrat Mill was constructed in 1905 and served both mines by aerial tramway, which were in turn connected to each other by surface tramway. Productive mining and mill operations ceased in 1910. The complex meets the registration requirements of both the Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County and Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Documentation Forms. Silverton Historic District US Hwy. 550, includes the entire city boundaries National Historic Landmark 7/4/1961, National Register 10/15/1966; Boundary Increase: National Register 4/3/1997, 5SA.59 The town is situated at the center of the San Juan mining district. Prospecting began in the 1860s, but it was not until 1871 that the first profitable silver vein was discovered in nearby Arrastra Gulch. The late 19th and early 20th century residential and institutional buildings within the district reflect the prosperity brought about by one of Colorado’s richest mineral producing regions. The boundaries of the district were expanded to include the Shenandoah-Dives (Mayflower) Mill complex, an intact example of a selective flotation mill and its aerial tram; the office/assay building of Crooke’s Polar Star Mill that reflects Silverton’s early mining history; the Animas Power and Water Company that diverted electrical power to the mining and milling operations in the Silverton area; and the Hillside Cemetery that illustrates the impact of the mining industry on the town’s working class community. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado and Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submissions. (1998 photograph.) back to the top Tobasco Mine & Mill County Rd. 34 & County Rd. 5, Lake City vicinity National Register 10/16/2008, 5HN.46 / 5SA.399 The Tobasco Mine and Mill are is associated with the metal mining history of Hinsdale and San Juan counties. The complex possesses the distinctive characteristics of a moderate size 1900s gold mine and mill operation in which the organization pattern is clearly evident. Its historical archaeological deposits have the potential to yield important information, specifically addressing the relationship between milling and mining, understanding the early use of the cyanide process, and for information on the health, dietary preferences, and economic status of the inhabitants of the workers at the Tobasco Mine and Mill. Listed under the Hinsdale County Metal Mining and Historic Mining Resources of San Juan County Multiple Property Submissions. More information (PDF, 10.91 MB). back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Routt County Clark Hayden Oak Creek Steamboat Springs Toponas Yampa Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Clark Columbine 64505 Routt County Rd. 129, Clark vicinity National Register 8/7/2007, 5RT.438 Columbine was established in 1881 to provide housing and provisions for the nearby miners at Hahns Peak. James R. Caron emigrated from Canada to Columbine with his wife Martha in 1896. He constructed a post office, then purchased an existing store and moved its contents into his new Columbine Mercantile building in 1898. He served as Columbine’s postmaster for 31 years, as well as justice of the peace and coroner. Columbine functioned as both a major way stop and a destination for visitors in the late 19th century. Miners, loggers, freight drivers, cattlemen and sheepmen came through for provisions, mail, a hot meal, temporary lodging and camaraderie. Recreational activities became a popular pastime as mining diminished, and Columbine attracted fisherman, hunters, trappers and outdoor enthusiasts. The population reached a peak of 68 in 1900 and rose again to 59 in 1930. At its height the town consisted of a general store and post office, saloon, several hotels and boarding houses, a blacksmith shop, assay office, mining company offices, a gas station, restaurants, and cabins. The district contains representative examples of Pioneer Log construction associated with the isolated mining camps of the Colorado mountains from the early 1880s up through the mid-20th century. Builders used locally available logs and stone in the construction of the various buildings. The earliest were one-room peeled log cabins with notched corners and front-gabled roofs set on simple stone foundations. A later phase of building began with a change of ownership in 1936. This phase brought Rustic style cabins blending well with the natural landscape. (1975 photograph.) More information (PDF, 700 kb). Hahn’s Peak Schoolhouse Main St., Hahn’s Peak Village National Register 2/15/1974, 5RT.72 Built in 1911, this simple wood frame rural schoolhouse continued to house classes during the fall semester until the mid-1960s. Listed under Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1996 photograph.) Summit Creek Guard Station Routt National Forest, Columbine and Clark vicinity National Register 7/28/2004, 5RT.431 The Summit Creek Ranger Station, with its 1912 date of construction, represents the transition between the 1890-1910 pre-design phase and the 1911-1932 pre-Civilian Conservation Corps phase of Forest Service construction, exhibiting details and methods of both phases. The building is also associated with federal activity and conservation during the early development of the National Forest system, representing the shift in philosophy from one of custodianship to one of conservation of resources by placing the ranger/guard stations in the forests. This allowed rangers to react quickly to threats, conserving the resources entrusted to their care. More information (PDF, 725 kb). back to the top Hayden Kimsey-Bolten Ranch Hayden vicinity State Register 12/12/2001, National Register 11/28/2012, 5RT.1592 Leslie Kimsey established this ranch just above the Yampa River in 1917. By 1919, he had a modest craftsman style house and a large Gambrel roof barn constructed to accommodate his farming and ranching operations. In 1933, Isadore Bolten purchased the ranch where he raised sheep and cattle, an unusual combination in the range war years, and grew hay. It continues to illustrate the important role that high country ranching played in the development of Routt County. (2012 photograph) Dawson Carpenter Ranch 13250 W. US Hwy. 40 National Register 5/6/1998, 5RT.1207 The ranch has a long association with the agricultural development of the Yampa Valley. Beginning in 1902, the ranch was a major local producer of hay and livestock under the ownership of John Barkley "J.B." Dawson. Along with Charles Goodnight, Dawson was the first to trail cattle in 1859 from Texas to Colorado over what became known as the "Dawson Trail." The ranch is considered nationally significant for its association with Farrington Reed Carpenter. He managed the ranch from 1926 until 1946, at which time he purchased the property. Beginning in 1934, Carpenter served as the first director of the Federal Grazing Service, and his guidance laid the foundation for public domain land management which ended the era of free open range grazing in the West. The Bureau of Land Management recognizes Carpenter as its first director. (1995 photograph.) Hayden Co-Operative Elevator Company 198 East Lincoln Avenue National Register 10/23/2015, 5RT.2376 The Hayden Co-Operative Elevator is the only extant grain elevator in the town of Hayden and in Routt County. A well-preserved example of a rural grain elevator in an everdiminishing agricultural landscape, the Hayden Co-Operative Elevator is a good example of the wood-frame studded elevator construction method. From its construction in 1917, the Hayden Co-Operative Elevator bolstered the local agricultural economy by providing a variety of services and goods to area farmers. The Hayden Co-Operative Elevator is an important representation of the agricultural, economic, and engineering history of early twentieth-century Routt County. More information (PDF, 899kb) Hayden Depot 300 W. Pearl St. National Register 10/22/1992, 5RT.892 The Denver and Salt Lake Railroad’s arrival in Hayden in 1913 ended the community’s isolation from eastern Colorado population centers and economic markets. The railroad constructed the sturdy two story brick depot in 1918 to serve growing freight and passenger traffic. Although freight shipments continue through Hayden, passenger service ended in 1968. The depot now functions as a local museum. Listed under Railroads in Colorado, 1858-1948 Multiple Property Submission. (1992 photograph.) Hayden Rooming House 295 S. Poplar St. National Register 9/17/1999, 5RT.1361 Constructed in 1910, the 2½ story building is a well preserved example of ornamental concrete block construction. The property is also important for the role it played in the community’s commercial history. It is the lone survivor of the three buildings in Hayden that functioned as hotels during the first years of the 20th century. Listed under Ornamental Concrete Block Buildings in Colorado, 1900 to 1940 Multiple Property Submission. Solandt Memorial Hospital 150 Jackson Ave. National Register 8/10/2011, 5RT.513 The 1923 Solandt Memorial Hospital is significant for its long association as a public hospital for the town of Hayden and surrounding communities. Serving the community continuously from 1923 until 1964, the hospital served a vital need. When constructed and continuing through at least through the 1930s, the hospital was the largest and the only accredited hospital in northwestern Colorado as well as between Fort Collins and Salt Lake City. Additionally, it is architecturally important as a good example of a Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century American Movements style building as applied to a blockplan hospital design. The square columns, modest ornamentation, stately porch, arched accents and flat brick are a few of the features of the style exhibited by the hospital. Further, it displays the national architectural trend in hospital design of the post World War I era, which emphasized a highly functional and technologically advanced interior to cater to the patients’ health while minimizing exterior ornamentation. Prominent Laramie, Wyoming, architect Wilbur A. Hitchcock, designed the hospital. Hitchcock planned and designed other hospitals along with many institutional buildings during his career. It is the only remaining intact block-plan type hospital design known to exist in Colorado that has minimal alterations, never had any additions or expansions, and continues to serve as a medical facility. back to the top Oak Creek Bell Mercantile 101-111 Moffat Ave. National Register 6/7/1990, 5RT.364 Constructed in 1910 by the Bell brothers, Samuel and Edward, on a portion of their ranch property, the two-story wood frame building has housed a company store, a bank, and a doctor’s office in its first floor retail space. The second floor served as a small hotel/boarding house. The Bell Mercantile remains a mainstay business in Oak Creek and continues to stock general merchandise. (1989 photograph.) Foidel Canyon School Northwest of Oak Creek National Register 5/9/1983, 5RT.192 Built circa 1923 during a period of rapid settlement in the area, the building is a late example of wood frame rural schoolhouse construction. Listed under Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1980 photograph.) back to the top Steamboat Springs Chamber of Commerce Building 1201 Lincoln Ave. National Register 4/16/2010, 5RT.2616 The 1960 Chamber of Commerce Building in Steamboat Springs is architecturally significant in the area of architecture as a superior local example of the Modern Movement’s Usonian design philosophy. Integrated into the surrounding landscape and oriented toward the nearby Soda Creek and Little Toots Park, the building embodies many of the defining characteristics of the design philosophy, including the use of natural materials, which help blend the building into the site, dominant horizontal lines, integrated windows, and an inverted gabled roof with wide overhanging eaves. Notable are two cottonwood trees extending through the porch floor and roof and incorporated into the overall design. Architect Eugene Sternberg designed the Chamber of Commerce Building as one of several commissions he received in the Steamboat Springs area. The building’s small-scale is unusual within the architect’s broad body of work, but typifies his interest in economical construction through its utilization of donated materials and volunteer labor. More information (PDF, 245.06 kb). Christian Science Society Building 641 Oak St. National Register 8/22/2007, 5RT.1053 The 1934 log building is a good local example of Rustic style architecture. It embodies many of the defining characteristics of the design philosophy, including the use of native materials in its log construction and stone foundation, the multi-light windows, simple ornamentation, and log wall interior. The building is in harmony with its mountain setting, an important quality of naturalistic design encompassed in the Rustic style. More information (PDF, 896 kb). Crawford House 1184 Crawford St. National Register 8/7/2005, 5RT.473 The 1894 Crawford House is important for the local contributions of its original owners, James and Margaret Crawford. The couple was among the most influential pioneering families in northwest Colorado. The construction of this, their third home, demonstrated their faith in the permanence of Steamboat Springs. Further development of the community resulted from James Crawford’s involvement in many local and regional enterprises. The house is a rare local example of residential Romanesque Revival style architecture and the only residence within the city limits built entirely of native ashlar sandstone. (1985 photograph.) More information (PDF, 732 kb). First National Bank Building (Rehder Building) 803-807 Lincoln Ave. & 57½ 8th St. National Register 1/11/2001, 5RT.259 Constructed in 1905, the two-story commercial building is a rare local example of the Romanesque Revival style. The first floor walls are of heavy native sandstone, and the red brick walls of the second floor are accented with sandstone quoins. Round arches top the window and door openings of the first floor. A one-story stone addition at the rear dates from 1920. Located on a prominent downtown corner, the virtually intact building serves as a reminder of the successful banking operation it housed during an early period of economic prosperity in Steamboat Springs. Howelsen Hill 845 Howelsen Pkwy. State Register 12/13/2000, 5RT.1048 Located adjacent the downtown area, Howelsen Hill is a highly visible geographic feature within the community. Encompassing approximately 40 acres, the district includes the portions of the hill’s north facing slope most closely associated with the history of skiing in Steamboat Springs. Since 1914, this important cultural landscape has evolved to meet the needs and desires of the community as well as developments within the worldwide sport of competitive ski jumping. Owned by the city since 1935, the hill also continues to serve as the location for the annual Winter Carnival and the wide variety of ski education programs operated in conjunction with the local school district. (ca. 2000 photograph.) F.M. Light House 204 Park Ave. State Register 3/9/1994, 5RT.480 The 1909 1½-story Edwardian Vernacular style wood frame residence has a steeply pitched cross gabled roof. There are three hipped roof porches with classical columns, and two historic barns are located on the property. The residence was built for the Francis Marion Light family. Light arrived in Steamboat Springs in 1905 and open a small retail store. By 1910, his general merchandise business had grown into one of the largest in the region. (1993 photograph.) Maxwell Building 840 Lincoln Ave. National Register 9/29/1995, 5RT.249 Constructed in 1908, the two-story Maxwell building has played an important role in the commercial and economic development of Steamboat Springs. It still houses the town’s longest continually operating drugstore. Constructed during a building boom before the arrival of the railroad, the Maxwell was one of the last buildings in town that used locally manufactured bricks. Mesa Schoolhouse 33985 S. US Hwy. 40, Steamboat Springs vicinity National Register 11/1/2007, 5RT.2389 The 1916 Mesa Schoolhouse, located south of Steamboat Springs, is an excellent local example of the early 20th century rural schoolhouse building type. Constructed as the Mesa District’s permanent school, the building reflects the development of the Yampa Valley and its commitment to education. In the south Yampa Valley area, Germans, French-Swiss, and Irish immigrants attended classes with children from older generation immigrant families. Like most rural schools, the Mesa Schoolhouse played a major role in the assimilation process. Although intended to provide a place for education for the children of the Mesa District, it also became the social center of the small agricultural community. School district consolidation closed the Mesa Schoolhouse in 1959. For the next 30 years the building served as a residential rental and the following decade as a “party place”. The City of Steamboat Springs and local non-profit Historic Routt County! acquired the building and the small parcel of land with the assistance of the State Historical Fund in 1998. The property is associated with the Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (2004 photograph.) Perry-Mansfield School & Camp 40755 County Rd. 36 State Register 3/8/1995, National Register 7/14/1995, 5RT.976 Established in 1914, the school/camp is the oldest, continuously operating, modern dance camp in the United States. Charlotte Perry and Portia Mansfield, two Smith College graduates instrumental in pioneering theater and dance, founded the camp. (2005 photograph.) Rabbit Ears Motel Sign 201 Lincoln Ave. State Register 8/31/2006, 5RT.2296 The 1953 Rabbit Ears Motel Sign remains an enduring and established visual feature of the community and serves as a source of local identity. The large neon sign with its distinctive rabbit face survived periods of downtown “modernization” to become a much beloved local geographic landmark. (2001 photograph.) More information (PDF, 3.15 MB). Routt County National Bank Building 802 Lincoln Ave. National Register 5/20/2002, 5RT.242 Constructed in 1919 to house the expansion of the First National Bank, the building reflects the development of the commercial sector of Steamboat Springs and the economic ups and downs of Routt County during the first half of the 20th century. In 1938, the Routt County National Bank emerged as a survivor of the troubled economic times. While a variety of enterprises have occupied the first floor commercial spaces, the upper story continues to house the Steamboat Masonic Lodge. Located on a prominent downtown corner lot, the two-story brick and stone building underwent numerous alterations since its construction. During 2000-01, the removal of a circa 1980 stucco veneer and faux mansard roof took place as part of a rehabilitation project utilizing both federal tax credits and a State Historical Fund grant. (2003 photograph.) Steamboat Apartments 302 11th Street National Register 12/7/2011, 5RT.2624 The 1958 Steamboat Apartments in Steamboat Springs are architecturally significant as a superior local example of the Modern Movement’s Usonian style and as an excellent example of architect Eugene Sternberg’s body of work. Integrated into the surrounding landscape with expansive views oriented toward the Old Town area and south Yampa Valley, the complex embodies many of the defining characteristics of the Usonian design philosophy, including the use of natural materials which help blend the building into the site, dominant horizontal lines, integrated windows, and a distinctive butterfly roof with wide overhanging eaves. Additionally, the Steamboat Apartments evince the local community’s long-term association with architect Eugene Sternberg, a master of midtwentieth century regional architecture. Sternberg’s personal focus on socially involved and affordable construction throughout his career is evident in his design for the Steamboat Apartments. (2004 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.5MB) Steamboat Laundry Building 127-131 11th St. National Register 8/10/2007, 5RT.255 The 1910-20 building was part of the early commercial development of Steamboat Springs. The firm played an important role in fostering the town’s development through service industries. The 1910 construction and circa 1920 expansion reflect Steamboat’s increasing and prospering population, as well as the community’s economic success during the first two decades of the 20th century. The building is a good example of TwentiethCentury Commercial style architecture as it appeared in northwest Colorado. (2007 photograph.) More information (PDF, 260 kb). Steamboat Springs Depot 39265 County Rd. 33B National Register 12/20/1978, 5RT.73 David Moffat’s Denver, Northwestern and Pacific Railway reached Steamboat Springs in 1909, thus opening up an important rail link between the community and Colorado’s Eastern Slope markets. Denver architect Frank Edbrooke designed the two story building which included a passenger section, with waiting rooms and station office below upper level living quarters, and a long freight and baggage extension to the west. The depot closed when passenger service ended in 1968. Listed under Railroads in Colorado, 18581948 Multiple Property Submission. (ca. 2000 photograph.) Steamboat Springs Downtown Historic District Lincoln Ave. roughly bounded by 5th to 11th Sts. National Register 7/11/2014, 5RT.3180 The Steamboat Springs Downtown Historic District, the center of the business district of the original town site established in 1884, is significant for its long association of providing the residents of Steamboat Springs and surrounding areas with goods and services for over 127 years. The buildings and objects within the area centered around Lincoln Avenue (U.S. Highway 40) reflect the development of the community and its growth and transformation into Yampa Valley’s regional hub. The district comprises approximately six city blocks, which has a total of fifty-two resources, thirty-six of which are considered contributing. Three buildings are individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Approximately forty percent of buildings within the district were constructed during the decade of the train’s arrival in anticipation of growth (1900-1909) or in the decade immediately following (1910-1920). (2012 photograph.) More information (PDF, 4.2 MB) back to the top Toponas Rock Creek Stage Station / Gore Pass Stage Station Routt National Forest Rd. # 206 National Register 10/21/1982, 5RT.91 A circa 1880 two-story log building remains on the property. The station served the first mail route into the Yampa Valley which was established in 1878. The difficulty of transportation in this isolated region made the presence of the station an important factor in the settlement of the area. back to the top Yampa Antler Cafe & Bar 40 & 46 Moffat Ave. State Register 3/11/1998, 5RT.1254, National Register 5/27/2014 The circa 1903/1904 Antlers Café and Bar in Yampa was initially listed in the Colorado State Register of Historic Properties on March 11, 1998. Antlers is locally significant under Commerce for the period 1904 to 1964 as the main stopping place along the historic road that is now known as the Flat Tops Scenic Byway as well as a long-time community establishment for food and drink. The building is further locally significant architecturally for the period 1904, when it was constructed, to 1941, the date of the last significant modification, the addition of a small storage shed to the south. Antlers Café and Bar is an excellent intact example of a one-story false front vernacular wood frame commercial building with a decorative cornice and large storefront windows. Historically, the property, along with the adjacent Antlers Hotel, destroyed by fire in 1952, served as the main stagecoach stop between Wolcott and Steamboat Springs between 1904 and 1908. The property’s evolution from saloon to pool hall, bar with gambling, and, finally, to café and bar mirrored the times and met the changing needs of the community. Mike and Emily Benedick purchased the property and business from Mike’s brother-in-law in 1937, operating it until 1996. By 1940, they completed several additions to the original building to provide living quarters for their growing family. In 1997, two old college friends purchased and revived the business as a gathering place for the community. They made minimal upgrades to the plumbing and electrical systems and to the kitchen. The property compares favorably with other false front commercial buildings remaining in Yampa. Of those extant, Antlers, the National Register-listed Bell & Canant Mercantile (also known as Crossan’s M & A Market), and Montgomery’s Grocery are the most intact examples of the type. More information (PDF, 67.48 kb). Bell & Canant Mercantile – Crossan’s M & A Market 101 Main Street National Register 12/26/2012, 5RT.3120 Bell & Canant Mercantile - Crossan’s M & A Market is significant for its long association as a general mercantile from 1903 through 1964, always providing a wide variety of meat, groceries, dry goods, clothing and farm supplies to the residents of Yampa and the surrounding areas. The building is also architecturally significant as an excellent example of a two-story False Front commercial building type with a pedimented gable in the parapet. Character-defining features of this building type exhibited by the mercantile include a front-gabled roof, main facade parapet extending above the roof, rectangular plan, and wood-frame construction. Less common for the False-Front commercial building type is the two-story version. More information (PDF, 1.39 MB). Boor-Redmond Ranch 22190 County Rd. 13 State Register 9/8/2004, 5RT.1401 The Boor-Redmond Ranch played a significant role in the development of farming and ranching in Routt County. It is an intact agricultural complex in continuous use since circa 1890 whose buildings have been adapted to meet changing ranch needs. The Redmond Ranch, more than any other ranch in the community, tells the story of agriculture in southern Routt County. (2000 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.14 MB). back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Rio Grande County Del Norte Monte Vista South Fork Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Del Norte Keck Homestead 12888 County Rd. 15 National Register 5/8/1998, 5RN.529 The homestead includes a remarkably intact collection of log buildings dating from the mid-1870s. Of particular significance is the two-story log house. Such houses are rare in any condition, but the Keck house is especially noteworthy for the quality of its construction and its high degree of integrity. The barn also exhibits a high degree of craftsmanship for its location and period of construction. St. Francis of Assisi Mission Church Del Norte vicinity State Register 3/13/2002, 5RN.532 Believed to have been built in 1881, the building is an unusual example of an Hispanic adobe church with a cruciform plan and an apse. The church and the adjacent cemetery are important for their association with the state’s ethnic heritage, specifically the Hispanos who settled the San Luis Valley. (2001 photograph.) More information (PDF, 68 kb). Sutherland Bridge Off US Hwy. 160 National Register 2/4/1985, 5RN.401 Constructed in 1924, for private access to the Sutherland Ranch east of Del Norte, the bridge consists of a rigid-connected, six-panel timber Warren pony truss, with verticals at all panel points, and a log kingpost pony truss approach. The use of timber represents an unusual adaptation of the Warren truss. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. Wheeler Bridge Off US Hwy. 160 National Register 2/4/1985, 5RN.400 The bridge was constructed in 1924 to access what was then the Wheeler Ranch east of Del Norte. Featuring a rigid-connected, three-panel timber/steel Howe pony truss, the bridge is one of the longest and oldest examples of the Howe configuration. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. Windsor Hotel 650 Columbia St. State Register 4/13/1994, 5RN.384 The two-story red brick and stucco building is an important example of early community planning and development. Recognizing the need for a first-class hotel to insure the community’s future economic survival and growth, local leaders brought in an experienced developer from Kansas to build and operate the hotel. It is composed of three major sections: the original 1874 hotel, the 1882 Windsor Block, and the 1888 Foote Block. (ca. 1999 photograph.) back to the top Monte Vista Aldrich House 901 Acequia Dr. State Register 6/11/2003, 5RN.823 Built in 1885, the Stick style house was one of the earliest residences constructed in the Monte Vista area. Chauncey S. Aldrich, one of the original founders of the town - which was first called Henry - had the house built for his family. As town manager and a publisher of one of the earliest newspapers, Aldrich set the temperate tone for the early settlement of the town. (2002 photograph.) More information (PDF, 64 kb). Barlow & Sanderson Stagecoach 916 1st Ave. State Register 6/14/1995, 5RN.1297 (formerly 5CT.46.1) This Barlow and Sanderson Stagecoach provided basic transportation throughout the San Luis Valley of Colorado and New Mexico in the late 19th century. The stagecoach is a rare example of an Abbot-Downing mud wagon type built around 1871. The Barlow & Sanderson Stagecoach was listed in the Colorado State Register on June 14, 1995. The Monte Vista Commercial Club, predecessor of the Monte Vista Chamber of Commerce, donated the stagecoach to the Colorado Historical Society (now History Colorado) for display at the Fort Garland Museum in 1959. However, the donation was accepted with three restrictions that do not meet current curatorial standards. While the stagecoach is an important artifact of Colorado’s history, the restrictions imposed on the donation are beyond the scope of History Colorado’s collection policy and the stagecoach was formally de-accessioned by the History Colorado Board of Directors on July 24, 2014. In July 2014, the coach was removed to the City of Monte Vista, which had requested to use it, as per conditions imposed in the donation agreement. Pending restoration activity, it will be placed inside the Transportation Museum of the West located at 916 1st Avenue in downtown Monte Vista where it will become a key part of their static displays, which are open to the public. Nomination (PDF, 1.6 MB), Amendment (PDF, 171.11 kb). Carnegie Library 120 Jefferson St. State Register 3/8/1995, National Register 4/14/1995, 5RN.513 The 1919 library, designed by Denver architect John J. Huddart in the Colonial Revival style, is one of 36 Colorado public libraries funded by wealthy industrialist and philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie. The building represents the community’s longstanding support of its public library which began in 1885 in the back of the Fassett Department Store and led to the erection of a small stone library building in 1895. (ca. 2000 photograph.) Central School Auditorium & Gymnasium 612 1st Ave. National Register 3/14/1996, 5RN.521 A 1938 project supported by the school district, town leaders and a WPA grant resulted in a building used for school and sports functions as well as an auditorium for public gatherings. It is the largest auditorium in the San Luis Valley that continues to serve in the same capacity for which it was built. It is a unique Monte Vista example of the work of prominent architect Charles E. Thomas incorporating Mission, Spanish Colonial Revival, and Romanesque elements. (1938 photograph.) El Monte Hotel (Monte Villa Inn) 925 1st Ave. National Register 6/7/1990, 5RN.430 In 1930, this small rural community constructed the $112,000 hotel, which became a center for community activities. Designed by E. Floyd Redding, the three-story building shows influences of the Mission and Pueblo Revival styles with its stuccoed exterior, tile roof, curvilinear parapet walls, wooden lintels, and decorative vigas. It represents a distinctive architectural style prevalent in hotel construction throughout the pre-World War II southwest. The intent was to build a "Fred Harvey" style hotel with all the modern conveniences, including Monte Vista’s first elevator. (2000 photograph.) Fassett Department Store 102 Adams St. State Register 8/11/1993, 5RN.486 The store was the first, largest, and longest surviving retail establishment in Monte Vista. Widow Lillian Loretta Silsby Taylor founded the store in a small wood frame building in 1881 and, with her new husband Charles Fassett, erected this stone replacement building in 1898. The couple supplied nearby farmers and miners with groceries, furniture, and a complete line of dry goods. The store continued under Fassett family management for ninety-nine years. (1999 photograph.) First Methodist Episcopal Church 215 Washington St. State Register 6/11/2003, National Register 10/11/2003, 5RN.782 The walls of the 1922 church are purple tapestry brick with a salt glaze, a firing and glazing method not used since the 1940s. No other building constructed of this unusual material has been found in the town of Monte Vista or the San Luis Valley. While the form and detailing belie its religious function, the building’s massing attests to its Akron Plan interior. The building has also been host to a wide variety of community activities over the years, playing an important role in the social history of Monte Vista. (2005 photograph.) More information (PDF, 80 kb). Monte Vista Cemetery Chapel 4927 County Rd. 27 State Register 8/11/1999, 5RN.646 Constructed in 1912, the chapel is an unusual expression of the Craftsman Style, a style not well represented in Monte Vista or Rio Grande County. The chapel also represents the work of Denver architect George Harvey. (ca. 2000 photograph.) Monte Vista Downtown Historic District Monte Vista National Register 11/1/1991, 5RN.484 Monte Vista, Spanish for "mountain view," was incorporated in 1886. Shortly thereafter, commercial construction moved west along Main Street. The availability of locally quarried stone resulted in the presence of numerous expert contractors and stonemasons able to work the distinctive volcanic rock. The buildings within the district were constructed between 1889 and 1921 and remain as good examples of late 19th and early 20th century commercial architecture. (2005 photograph.) Monte Vista Library (Monte Vista Historical Society) 110 Jefferson St. National Register 6/30/1995, 5RN.514 Now the home of the local historical society, this small stone building was constructed in 1895. The Women’s Literary Club was organized on August 4, 1884 for the purpose of establishing a circulating library. Initially books were kept in the back of the Fassett General Store, with Lillian L. Fassett serving as the first librarian. On January 18, 1887, the Monte Vista Library Association was incorporated, and the women of the association undertook a variety of fundraising activities to finance construction of the Monte Vista Library. Measuring just 16 by 22 feet, the simple flat roofed building housed the town’s library until the completion of the Carnegie Public Library in 1919. (1895 photograph.) Monte Vista Post Office & Federal Building Washington & 2nd Ave. National Register 1/22/1986, 5RN.21 Constructed in 1933, the building remains a dominant structure in Monte Vista and is the community’s finest example of Beaux-Arts-influenced architecture. Listed under U.S. Post Offices in Colorado Thematic Resource. (1983 photograph.) Sargent Consolidated School District 7090 N. County Rd. 2E, Monte Vista vicinity State Register 12/13/2000, 5RN.689 The school district is comprised of 14 buildings, seven of which were constructed between 1917 and 1921. The two largest are the 1917 elementary school and the 1921 high school, both designed by the prominent architect John J. Huddart. These brick buildings have grown in size with numerous additions. For example, a 1937 gymnasium, once a separate building, is now part of the high school. This district is unusual as it was designed to be a complete facility, a "plant that contained every branch of school work." In addition to the two schools, the complex includes several bungalows that originally served as men’s and women’s teacherages, a superintendent’s house, and a duplex for the families of the janitor and the bus mechanic. Serving a 100-square-mile area, this group of buildings reflects the spread and influence of formal education on the development of rural communities. (2005 photograph.) State Soldiers’ & Sailors’ Home 3749 Sherman Ave. State Register 9/13/1995, 5RN.441 Founded in 1891, the State Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Home is the oldest veterans’ home in Colorado. The self-sufficient complex offered housing, recreational and religious facilities, and medical care. The property includes a collection of buildings encompassing the 100 year evolution of the facility as well as a cemetery, the final resting place of veterans who served from the Civil War through Vietnam. (Residential units, 2005 photograph.) back to the top South Fork Creede Branch, Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad South Fork to Creede National Register 11/27/2002, 5RN.515.1 / 5ML.273.8 The 22.8-mile long Creede Branch originated significant rail traffic from the railroad’s nearby gold and silver mining operations. Although the complete rail line dates to 1891, the conversion of the branch from narrow to standard gauge dates from 1902. The branch line survives as a virtually intact example of early 20th century railroad construction. It retains its 1902 alignment, railbed and jointed rail with ties, as well as the contemporary bridges, two depots, water tank, and related track-side setting. Listed under Railroads in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. Denver & Rio Grande Railroad South Fork Water Tank Near US Hwy. 160 at South Fork State Register 3/13/2002, National Register 10/15/2002, 5RN.352 The 1881 tank provided water for countless steam locomotives from its construction in 1881 until the end of steam locomotive operations in 1956. Tanks of identical design, materials and construction were built throughout the D&RG system in the last two decades of the 19th century. Only a handful of these structures survive on the D&RG, and this tank is the only surviving example along the 66-mile Creede Branch. Listed under Railroads in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (2001 photograph.) Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Engine No. 40 Creede Branch, Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad State Register 8/14/2002, 5RN.781 This 1942 railroad locomotive is the oldest surviving diesel-electric locomotive to have operated on the D&RGW system. Designed and built by the General Electric Company for rail yard switching operations, No. 40 served successfully on the D&RGW from 1942 until its retirement in 1954. The locomotive was then sold to the Great Western Sugar Company where it continued to operate well into the 1990s. (2002 photograph.) Spruce Lodge 29431 West US Hwy. 160 National Register, 10/21/2008, 5RN.1043 The 1927 Spruce Lodge conveys the important role played by the Galbreath Tie and Timber Company in the existence and longevity of the South Fork community. The Galbreath Hotel formed an important part of the commercial complex built by brothers Charles and O.S. Galbreath that served as the early basis of the South Fork economy. Counted among Colorado’s original lumber barons, the Galbreaths utilized the hotel to conduct business, and once deals were made, they utilized the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad to ship their lumber throughout the San Luis Valley and the western United States. In addition to the operation of the Rustic-style hotel, the Galbreaths shipped produce and owned a general merchandise store. The town owes much of its early prosperity to the brothers and their business enterprises. (2008 photograph.) More information (PDF, 472 kb). back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Rio Blanco County Buford Meeker Rangley Yampa Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Buford Buford School 40905 County Rd. 17, Buford vicinity State Register 2/24/2006, 5RB.4419 The 1902 Buford School has long been the educational center of the rural area near Buford and served as the local school until consolidation in 1952. Its intact setting and associated privy helps to convey the rural school experience of many children in northwestern Colorado. For several generations, the building stood at the core of the White River Valley’s daily life, and it continues to serve this rural community as a gathering and learning place. The Buford School is a highly recognizable valley landmark. The property is associated with the Rural School Buildings of Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1977 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.03 MB). back to the top Meeker Battle of Milk River Site / Thornburgh Thornburgh Rd., 17 miles northeast of Meeker National Register 8/22/1975, 5RB.982 In September of 1879, Ute warriors skirmished here with troops under the command of Major T.T. Thornburgh as the troops entered the Ute Reservation on an expedition from Fort Steele, Wyoming to the White River Agency in northwestern Colorado. Located in the remote Milk Creek Valley, the battle site covers approximately 1,600 acres. Portions of a historic wagon road remain visible. Duck Creek Wickiup Village 36 miles south of Meeker National Register 11/20/1975, 5RB.53 The site is important for its use by Utes well into the late 19th century during their annual fall and winter gathering of pinyon nuts in the surrounding area. Coal Creek School 617 Cty. Rd. 6 National Register, 7/18/2014, 5RB.3575 The 1892 Coal Creek School is a good example of a one-room rural schoolhouse that has also served as a community gathering space and polling place for several decades. The coal shed/privy and horse shed remain on the property. Although the original cupola was removed in 1948 when classes were discontinued, the school is still recognizable as such and meets the registration requirements of the Rural School Buildings in Colorado Multiple Property Documentation Form. (2013 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.17 MB). Hay’s Ranch Bridge County Rd. 127 National Register 2/4/1985, 5RB.2376 The M.J. Patterson Contracting Company of Denver completed this pin-connected, sixpanel steel Pratt pony truss in 1901. It is one of Colorado’s earliest state-funded vehicular bridges and one of the oldest roadway trusses in northwestern Colorado. Its slightly bowed top chord represents an unusual modification of the Pratt pony truss. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. Hotel Meeker 560 Main St. National Register 5/7/1980, 5RB.985 Constructed in 1896, this two-story brick building reflects the characteristics of commercial structures built in small western towns during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. (1997 photograph.) I.O.O.F. Lodge – Valentine Lodge No. 47 400 Main St. National Register 3/19/2014, 5RB.2245 The 1897 I.O.O.F. Lodge – Valentine Lodge No. 47 provided an important social venue, not only to the I.O.O.F. Lodge members with various assistance, but also to the community and various organizations. Local engineer Herman Pfeiffer designed the architecturally significant Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revival style building. The Lodge used the upper floor while the lower floor was leased to merchants, a government office and for school classes at one time. A large dance floor and community room also existed on the first floor where many community dances, dinners, and other events took place. The community room served as a roller skating rink in the 1940s – 1950s. Mountain Valley Bank added a drive-up canopy in 2004 and converted the first floor into a bank. (2013 photograph.) More information (PDF, 3.80 MB). J.W. Hugus Company Building / A. Oldland Building 594 Main St. State Register 12/11/1991, 5RB.2242 The two-story brick building was constructed in 1911 to house the Meeker operations of J.W. Hugus & Co. Founded by J.W. Hugus in 1877, the company operated numerous general and dry goods stores in southern Wyoming and western Colorado. The building was designed by the prominent Denver architectural firm of Fisher and Fisher. When Hugus decided to liquidate his assets in 1919, the building was purchased by the retailing firm of A. Oldland and Company. (1996 photograph.) Rio Blanco County High School 555 Garfield St. State Register 3/10/1993, 5RB.2667 The 1924 two-story building of rough-cut thinly coursed local sandstone includes a gymnasium wing extending from the rear of the rectangular classroom portion. The floor plan is typical of secondary educational facilities built during the period. Designed by noted architect Robert K. Fuller, the building served as the county’s only high school facility from 1924 until 1951. (1992 photograph.) St. James Episcopal Church 368 4th St. National Register 3/30/1978, 5RB.983 Constructed in 1890, this stone building was the first church in Meeker and one of the oldest Episcopal churches in Colorado. The main entrance is topped by a unique bell tower faced with wood shingles. (2000 photograph.) back to the top Rangely Cañon Pintado Historic District Colo. Hwy. 139 National Register 10/6/1975, 5RB.984 Because of the arid nature of the area, the archeological sites within the district are well preserved. Early pictographs and accompanying cultural material represent the eastern periphery of the Fremont culture, which developed out of Utah between AD 800 and 1150. (1996 photograph.) Carrot Men Pictograph Site Southwest of Rangely National Register 8/22/1975, 5RB.106 The cliffs above this prehistoric campsite retain rock art typical of the Fremont people who resided in Utah and central and western Colorado from AD 800 to 1150. (ca. 1996 photograph.) Collage Shelter Rangely vicinity National Register 8/27/1980, 5RB.820 This repeatedly utilized cultural site has the potential to yield important information about prehistoric land use patterns and population movements between core and marginal use areas. (1978 photograph.) Fremont Lookout Fortification Site Rangely vicinity National Register 11/20/1974, 5RB.344 The lookout is on the eastern periphery of the Fremont cultural area which was occupied from AD400 until AD1150 by agricultural peoples who cultivated corn, beans and squash. The Fremont people built the stone lookout to defend their fields and hunting areas, and it is the only known example of such a defensive structure in Colorado. back to the top Yampa Pyramid Guard Station County Rd. 8, Yampa vicinity National Register 1/10/2008, 5RB.2882 United States Forest Service (USFS) administrative sites like the Pyramid Guard Station represent the evolution of the agency’s mission from basic custodianship to extensive resource management and conservation. This shift manifested itself in the placement of ranger/guard stations within the forests, allowing rangers to react quickly to resource threats. The Pyramid buildings represent the 1930s Civilian Conservation Corps / USFS ethics of conservation, efficiency and working for the public good. Begun in 1934 as one of the first CCC-built complexes in the state, Pyramid is an excellent example of the kind of work done by the CCC in the national forests during the Great Depression. The dwelling, combination building, barn, blacksmith shop and wood shed typify administrative buildings of the USFS Rocky Mountain Region during the CCC era and are excellent examples of Rustic style architecture. The buildings exhibit key style characteristics such as log walls, overhanging eaves with exposed rafters, small paned windows, and the use of local materials in construction. The buildings reflect a local manifestation of a regional style mandated by the USFS for rural areas. (2005 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.55 MB). back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Prowers County Granada Hartman Holly Lamar Wiley Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Granada Douglas Crossing Bridge County Rd. 28 National Register 2/4/1985, 5PW.44 Constructed in 1936 of locally quarried stone by an eight-man Works Progress Administration crew, this filled arch was faced with rusticated stone and features six, 14foot span, semicircular arches springing from battered piers. It served as an important crossing for the nearby agricultural community. The property is associated with the Highway Bridges in Colorado and the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submissions. (2005 photograph.) Granada Bridge US Hwy. 385, Granada vicinity National Register 10/15/2002, 5PW.114 Designed by the Colorado Department of Highways, fabricated by Burkhardt Steel Company, and constructed by C.L. Hubner Company, the 1949 steel stringer bridge runs for 423 feet across the Arkansas River. It was one of several bridges constructed over the river during the 1930s and 1940s that replaced timber or steel trusses constructed between 1890 and 1910. Consisting of five spans, the longest of which extends 90 feet, the bridge is notable for its relatively long spans and excellent state of preservation. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1999 photograph.) Granada Relocation Center / Camp Amache Approximately 1 mile southwest of Granada State Register 3/9/1994, National Register 5/18/1994, National Historic Landmark, 1/16/2009, 5PW.48 The site is nationally significant as one of ten camps which housed Japanese Americans from 1942 to 1945 following their forced removal from the West Coast by military authorities. More than ten thousand persons passed through the camp which at its peak contained 7,318 Japanese Americans, nearly all of whom were former California residents and two-thirds of whom were United States citizens. Under a presidential executive order, the forced "evacuation" of Japanese Americans was justified on the basis of "military necessity" in the months following Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor and the professed inability of the military to gauge the loyalty of individual Japanese Americans. (1942 photograph.) More information (PDF, 12.1 MB). For information about the State Historical Fund’s participation in the preservation of this property see the Project Snapshot. back to the top Hartman Hartman Gymnasium School Ave. State Register 3/13/1996, 5PW.74 The circa 1938 gymnasium is associated with New Deal programs in Prowers County. The building is the only example of Works Progress Administration construction in Hartman and one of only a few such projects in the county. Its use as a community center continues to contribute to the social history of Hartman. back to the top Holly Holly City Hall 119 E. Cheyenne St. State Register 6/11/2003, National Register 10/11/2003, 5PW.175 The 1938 Holly City Hall held the town’s police and fire departments, library, and a multiuse community room. The Holly City Hall served effectively for over sixty years as an important center of town life. The Depression-era Works Progress Administration (WPA) used local labor and materials to construct the hall as a town sponsored project. The building typifies the simple but dignified designs used by the WPA for city hall and courthouse construction. The property is associated with the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submission. (2001 photograph.) Holly Gymnasium North Main St. National Register 4/24/2007, 5PW.268 Built under the auspices of the Works Progress Administration, the building is associated with the federal relief programs administered in Eastern Colorado during the Great Depression. Providing employment and increased job skills for the area’s unemployed, construction began on the Holly Gym in 1936 utilizing a locally quarried chalk-like stone Niobrara. The WPA created an opportunity to provide the town with a more “progressive” educational facility. This was the first school gymnasium in Holly, which not only functioned for athletic education, but was also used for music classes and the hot lunch program. This building was the community’s first modern recreational facility. The Holly Gym reflects the functional design and use of local materials that is characteristic of WPA buildings. Some of the largest examples of New Deal resources in eastern Colorado were the prominent auditorium/gymnasium buildings. The property is associated with the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submission. (2005 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.14 MB). Holly SS Ranch Barn 407 W. Vinson National Register 2/25/2004, 5PW.172 The 1879 Holly SS Ranch Barn was part of the earliest period of settlement and development of Prowers County by farmers and ranchers. The SS Ranch with one of the earliest and largest cattle ranches in the region. Hiram Holly established the ranch at a time when Colorado’s early dependence on mining ventures increasingly gave way to agricultural development. The ultimate inception of the town of Holly was an outgrowth of the Holly SS Ranch. The barn is one of the earliest and most well preserved stone barns in southeast Colorado, displaying the construction techniques, architectural details, and material usage of the pioneering period in Colorado. Native stone construction constitutes an important late 19th and early 20th century building tradition in southeastern Colorado. (2002 photograph.) Holly Santa Fe Depot (Town Hall) 302 S. Main St. National Register 7/28/1995, 5PW.73 The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad built the brick second-generation depot in 1912. The Mission Revival style building was a combination-type depot, handling both passengers and freight. It is one of only four in Colorado possessing the Mission Revival style detailing that became a trademark of the Santa Fe. The community converted the building in 1999 to serve as its town hall. The property is associated with the Railroads in Colorado, 1858-1948 Multiple Property Submission. (1995 photograph.) back to the top Lamar Alta Vista School 8785 Road LL, vicinity of Lamar State Register 6/9/1999, 5PW.42 Constructed in 1917, the two-level red brick building remains a good local example of a rural school district’s commitment to provide the space required to offer its students a broader educational program than found in the one-room building it replaced. The building has remained in continuous use as a public school since its construction and now houses the Alta Vista Charter School. (1999 photograph.) Davies Hotel / Payne Hotel 122 N. Main St. National Register 10/19/1978, 5PW.25 The Davies Hotel is typical of the numerous small town hotels whose location near the railroad depot provided them with a steady stream of lodgers. The builders of the 1902 hotel utilized locally quarried sandstone for the exterior walls. (1977 photograph.) Lamar Post Office 300 S. 5th St. National Register 1/22/1986, 5PW.43 Built in 1936, the building is an especially pleasing example illustrating the Spanish Colonial / Mediterranean influence on Neoclassicism. Pueblo architect Walter DeMordaunt designed the building. The property is associated with the U.S. Post Offices in Colorado and the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submissions. (1983 photograph.) Paulsen Farm 39035 Rd. 7, Lamar vicinity National Register 12/9/1999, 5PW.98 The property has been associated with agriculture in the Lamar area since Claus Paulsen established the farm in 1901. Between 1910 and 1915, Paulsen represented the Payne Investment Company of Omaha, Nebraska, and in this capacity escorted would-be homesteaders from the Midwest to new homes in southeast Colorado. The farmhouse is a good local example of the Foursquare-type of dwelling. The barn is an important surviving example of a once popular but increasingly rare type of wood frame gambrel-roofed barn, a type often replaced by more modern agricultural buildings or lost with the transformation of agricultural lands to other uses. (1999 photograph.) Petticrew Stage Stop Lamar vicinity State Register 3/8/2000, National Register 8/24/2000, 5PW.62 In the early 1890s, the John L. Petticrew family settled in southern Prowers County and operated a stage stop between Lamar and Springfield. The house, barn and associated rock walls are good, intact examples of sandstone construction utilizing locally quarried stone as designed and executed by the property owner. The barn is also a rare surviving example of a stone bank barn. The complex is notable as a cultural landscape in which the sandstone buildings and retaining walls appear to spring organically from the natural shelter and seclusion of the creek bottom. The recessed location blocks views of modern intrusions and enhances the historical feeling of the complex as an isolated stop on the Lamar to Springfield stage. (1986 photograph.) Prowers County Building / Prowers County Courthouse 301 S. Main St. National Register 9/21/1981, 5PW.27 The 1929 courthouse served as the center of county political and governmental activity. Denver architect Robert K. Fuller designed the elegant Neo-classical building constructed of Indiana limestone. The entrance and main corridor frieze feature panels displaying carved depictions of the registered cattle brands in Prowers County at the time of the building’s construction. (1981 photograph.) Prowers County Welfare Housing 800 E. Maple St. National Register 12/22/2009, 5PW.259 The Prowers County Welfare Housing is important for its association with President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal legislative agenda to rescue the United States from the Great Depression. Constructed by the WPA, between 1938 and 1941, the Prowers County Welfare Housing presents an important record of the federal relief programs administered in Colorado’s Eastern Plains during the Great Depression. The construction of the housing complex provided much-needed employment in Prowers County over several years. The housing complex also represents a remarkable effort by Prowers County to provide public housing for its needy. It is the only complex of the kind constructed in eastern Colorado. New Deal public housing projects were primarily limited to urban areas. Additionally, the Welfare Housing property is an excellent example of the WPA Rustic Style. Rustic characteristics featured in the buildings include the use of native stone, traditional construction methods, evident hand craftsmanship, and simple, functional design. The Prowers County Welfare Housing meets the registration requirements under the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Documentation Form (MPDF). The Prowers County Welfare Housing meets the registration requirements of one property type delineated in the MPDF-Social Welfare Buildings (subtype: Welfare Housing and Offices). Willow Creek Park Memorial Drive, Parkview Ave. and Willow Valley Rd. National Register 8/10/2007, 5PW.56 The park is associated with several Great Depression era federal relief programs. Constructed between 1933 and 1938 under the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA), creation of the park provided a source of employment in Lamar during much of the Depression. Willow Creek Park was Colorado’s first CWA project and the first planned park in Lamar, providing a location for active and passive recreation activities. A prominent feature of the city, the park’s buildings and stone features are good examples of the Rustic style as interpreted by New Deal agencies. Characteristics include the use of native stone; traditional construction methods; evident hand craftsmanship; and simple functional design. The property is associated with the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submission. (2005 photograph.) More information (PDF, 1.25 MB). back to the top Wiley Wiley Rock Schoolhouse 603 Main St. National Register 2/20/2004, 5PW.196 The 1938 building served as an annex to the adjacent high school and provided space for classes in agriculture, a blacksmith shop for manual training, and a sound-proof music room for the band and orchestra. While successfully serving these purposes, the building went on to provide other educational opportunities. The Depression-era Works Progress Administration (WPA) undertook the construction of the school district sponsored project. The school typifies the WPA’s use of local labor and local materials. The simple stone building exhibits creative masonry technique and quality craftsmanship. The property is associated with the New Deal Resources on Colorado’s Eastern Plains Multiple Property Submission. (2003 photograph.) back to the top Image Callouts Content Callout Item: Pitkin County Ashcroft Aspen Independence Redstone Back to Listings by County Download Google Earth KML file (What's this?) Ashcroft Ashcroft, Colorado White River National Forest National Register 5/12/1975, 5PT.37 The townsite is significant as the remains of a prosperous Roaring Fork Valley mining camp of the 1880s. Originally known as Castle Forks, the town of Ashcroft was incorporated in 1882. Its peak population of approximately 1,000 supported a variety of commercial enterprises. By the end of 1883, much of the population, and many of the buildings, began moving to Aspen. The post office remained open until 1912, and the last permanent resident left in 1925. Fewer than a dozen of the original log and/or wood frame buildings remain in place. The most prominent is a two-story false front commercial building that housed the Hotel View. The townsite is now interpreted for visitors under the auspices of the Aspen Historical Society. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1993 photograph.) back to the top Aspen Armory Hall / Fraternal Hall 130 S. Galena St. National Register 6/5/1975, 5PT.36 Equivalent in height to a three-story building, the hall was constructed in 1892 to house local militia activities on the first floor and a fraternal hall on the second. Over the years, it provided space for a wide variety of community activities, and it has served as the city hall since 1956. The walls are of red brick, and the building’s steeply pitched truncated gable roof includes three evenly spaced hipped roof dormers on its north and south sides. (1998 photograph.) Aspen Community Church 200 N. Aspen St. National Register 5/12/1975, 5PT.33 The building, which rises three stories in height, was dedicated as a Presbyterian Church in March 1891. Walls are of random coursed, rough cut sandstone. Somewhat fortress like in overall appearance, the façade is dominated by a large corner bell tower that is cylindrical in form and topped with a bell shaped roof. A heavy slightly pointed arch of stone defines the main entry. The top of the arch is filled with a floral fresco carved from a sandstone slab. Gables extend from the steeply pitched hipped roof. (1974 photograph.) Boat Tow 700 S. Aspen St. (Willoughby Park) National Register 6/22/1990, 5PT.560 The original boat tow, which utilized two wooden toboggans was constructed in 1937. Measuring twelve feet in length and three feet in width, the four-seat "boats" were connected by steel cable to rotating terminals converted from hoist rigs from the dormant Little Annie Mine on Aspen Mountain. The surviving boat, now located in Willoughby Park, remains important for its association with the early development of Aspen as an international ski resort during the late 1930s. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. Click here to see an image of the boat tow. Bowles-Cooley House 201 W. Francis St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.525 The house is located on a large corner lot in the late 19th century West End residential neighborhood. Constructed in 1889 for Ryland R. Bowles, an early Aspen contractor and lumber dealer, the two-story brick residence is a good vernacular interpretation of the Queen Anne style, displaying the asymmetrical massing and steeply pitched cross gabled roof often associated with the style. The foundation walls and window sills are of rusticated sandstone. The second owner was William W. Cooley, an Aspen attorney specializing in mining law, who occupied the property during 1891. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) Matthew Callahan Log Cabin 205 S. 3rd St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.149 Believed to date from the early 1880s, the one-story log cabin has a side gabled roof. Constructed with logs hewn into rectangular shapes of varying size, it is one of the few remaining pre-mining era structures known to exist in Aspen. As such it is representative of the materials and technology available at the time of its construction. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1980 photograph.) Collins Block-Aspen Lumber & Supply 204 S. Mill National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.113.40 Constructed between 1891-93, this somewhat atypical commercial building is located on a downtown corner lot. The first story walls are of rusticated sandstone, while the second story walls are brick. The building exhibits an eclectic mix of Late Victorian and Neoclassical architectural detailing. Between the floors, a Tuscan column supported roof extends out over the sidewalk. At the second story level of the Mill Street side, there is a recessed porch with a wooden balustrade that is topped with Ionic columns. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1975 photograph.) Dixon-Markle House 135 E. Cooper Ave. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.162 Located on a corner lot, this circa 1888 wood frame two-story Queen Anne style residence’s most distinctive architectural feature is a two-story rectangular bay set at an angle on its northeast front corner. Exterior walls are clapboard covered. The complex roof includes a steeply pitched hipped portion and an off-center front gable that is faced with cut shingles. A large shed roofed porch with turned posts and a spindle frieze runs across the north façade. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) D.E. Frantz House 333 W. Bleeker St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.251 Constructed in 1909 for local sawmill owner D.E. Frantz, the 1¾-story wood frame residence has a steeply pitched cross gabled roof. An elaborately detailed oriel window; gable ends, with scalloped wood shingles; and a corner entry porch, with turned posts and decorative brackets are among the architectural elements of the period displayed in this well-crafted representative of the Queen Anne style. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) Samuel L. Hallett House 432 W. Francis St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.262 Beginning as a circa 1885 hand hewn log cabin, alterations and additions believed to date from 1892 transformed the simple building into a one-story clapboard sided dwelling in keeping with the more elegant homes associated with Aspen’s period of development as a mining center. Late Victorian elements include a large wrap around porch. An early occupant, S.L. Hallett, was involved in the management of the Smuggler Mine. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (2000 photograph.) Holden Mining & Smelting Co. 1000 Block W. Colo. Hwy. 82 National Register 6/22/1990, 5PT.539 From 1891 to 1893, this smelting facility, also known as the Holden Lixiviation Works, played a significant role in the production of silver during Aspen’s silver mining boom. The approximately 2½-acre district encompasses the most important components associated with the operation. The lixiviation process employed salt in the leaching of silver from the ores extracted from nearby mines. The 1½-story wood frame sampling works building, measuring 77 in length and 42 feet in width, and a portion of a one-story salt shed remain on the site. Large portions of the sandstone foundation are all that remain of the multi-story mill building which appears to have been over 250 feet in length. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen and Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submissions. (ca. 2000 photograph.) Hotel Jerome 330 E. Main St. National Register 3/20/1986, 5PT.113.2 The three-story red brick hotel occupies a prominent corner location in downtown Aspen. Completed in 1889, the building features numerous round arch window openings and an unusual parapet, with brick work forming four rows of small square panels. The construction of the hotel was financed by Jerome B. Wheeler, one of Aspen’s most notable entrepreneurs, during the town’s early period of development. Many original interior appointments remain in the first floor level. In 1945, the exterior was painted a pale gray with blue trim when Walter Paepcke commissioned Herbert Bayer to oversee a remodeling project on behalf of the Aspen Company. A subsequent project in the mid-1980s included removal of the paint. (2000 photograph.) Hyman-Brand Building 203 S. Galena St. National Register 1/18/1985, 5PT.113.36 Located on a prominent downtown corner, the building was constructed in 1891 by early Aspen promoter David Marks Hyman, who was among the first large investors in the Roaring Fork Mining District. One of the largest business blocks constructed during the boom years before the Silver Crash of 1893, the street walls of the two-story brick building are faced with heavy rusticated sandstone. An oblique corner entry marks the first floor retail space that originally housed the First National Bank of Aspen. The second floor contained office spaces and a lodge meeting hall for the Patriotic Order Sons of America. From the early 1920s into the 1960s, much of the first floor retail space was occupied by a variety of automobile related enterprises initiated by M.H. Brand. Thomas Hynes House 303 E. Main St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.113.15 This typical clapboard sided miner’s cottage was constructed in 1885. The original onestory dwelling had an L-shaped plan and a steeply pitched cross gabled roof. The west façade features a large double hung window topped with a decorative pent roof and a flat roofed porch with built up posts and a decorative frieze. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1980 photograph.) La Fave Block 405 S. Hunter St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.113.7 The 1888 two-story brick business block was constructed for Frank La Fave. Architectural details of note include an oblique corner entry and an elaborate cornice. The first floor storefront area features large windows with transoms. It was originally occupied by the St. James Restaurant, which was praised by the Aspen Daily Times for being "magnificent, neat, and clean". During the early 1950s, the building was utilized by architect Fritz Benedict as an office. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (2000 photograph.) Maroon Creek Bridge Colo. Hwy. 82, Aspen vicinity National Register 2/4/1985, 5PT.136 In 1887, the Colorado Midland Railroad and the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad raced to be the first to stretch their rail lines to the mining town of Aspen. The D&RG reached Aspen by October, and the Colorado Midland reached the Maroon Creek Crossing in December. The bridge, completed in 1888, features a multi-span trestle with a built-up steel deck girder. It is one of the last trestles of its design constructed for the state’s narrow gauge mountain railroads during the late 19th century. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission and under Railroads in Colorado, 1858-1948 Multiple Property Submission. (1980 photograph.) New Brick / The Brick Saloon / Red Onion 420 E. Cooper Ave. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.113.5 A good local example of Victorian era commercial architecture, this two-story brick building was constructed in 1892 as a saloon for Tom Latta, a town alderman. The three second story windows are topped with rounded arches that are defined by dentil-like brick work, and a pediment is centered above the intricately detailed cornice. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) Pitkin County Courthouse 506 E. Main St. National Register 5/12/1975, 5PT.34 Built in 1890, the two-story brick building has a raised basement. The truncated hip roof is topped with a richly detailed, three-tier turret centered over the main entry. (1974 photograph.) Riede’s City Bakery 413 E. Hyman Ave. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.528.12 Dating from 1885, the one-story wood frame commercial building features a false front with bracketed cornice. A bracketed cornice also tops the storefront windows and recessed double door entry. Although the original use of the building is not documented, Raymond Riede operated a bakery and confectionery business there from 1890 until 1908. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. Judge Shaw House / Newberry House 206 Lake Ave. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.116.20 Constructed on a large lot in Hallam’s Addition, the circa 1890 house is best known for its association with Judge Robert Shaw, which began in 1922. Shaw was a practicing attorney specializing in water law, and he served as a county judge from 1921 until 1969. A vernacular interpretation of the Shingle style, the 2½-story wood frame residence has a complex roof. The walls are faced with clapboards on the first story and shingles on the second. Other notable features include a large wrap around porch and an unusual carriage house, which was incorporated into the overall design. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) Sheely Bridge Mill Street Park National Register 2/4/1985, 5PT.23 Completed in May 1911, the bridge consisted of a 120’ steel through truss designed by Charles G. Sheely. In 1966, it was shortened and moved to its present location near Aspen where it functions as a pedestrian bridge in Mill Street Park. It is one of the state’s earliest riveted trusses. Listed under Highway Bridges in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (2000 photograph.) Shilling-Lamb House 525 N. 2nd St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.528.6 Constructed circa 1890, the large two-story wood frame Queen Anne style residence features clapboard siding and a distinctive polygonal corner tower. The raised foundations walls are of sandstone, and the gable ends of the steeply pitched cross gabled roof are wood shingled. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (2000 photograph.) Smith-Elisha House 320 W. Main St. National Register 1/19/1989, 5PT.114.19 The large 2½-story wood frame residence is one of Aspen’s best examples of the Queen Anne style. Constructed circa 1890, it has an irregular plan, a multi-gabled roof, a wrap around porch, and a large two-story bay that is topped by a gabled roof dormer. Narrow clapboards face the first floor walls, and the second floor walls are shingled. An intact barn/carriage house, with a dormered gable roof and cupola is also located on the large lot. The first owner was Eben Smith, a successful owner of mining operations, who did much to promote safety and productivity within Colorado’s mining industry. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (2000 photograph.) Smuggler Mine Smuggler Mountain National Register 5/18/1987, 5PT.479 In 1879, the Smuggler was among the first strikes made by Charles Bennett when he and other Leadville miners first came to the Roaring Fork Valley, and the Smuggler Mining Company was incorporated in November 1881. As one of the top silver and lead producers in the Aspen area, the mine was among the few that continued to operate after the Silver Crash of 1893. Active mining ceased in 1918, and the substantial wood frame buildings associated with the operation were dismantled. In addition to numerous underground tunnels, early tailings piles remain visible on the site. Mining resumed after World War II, and most of the wood frame and metal buildings now on the site were constructed after 1950. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen and Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submissions. (1986 photograph.) Ute Cemetery Ute Ave. National Register 4/1/2002, 5PT.122 Ute Cemetery is important for its association with the settlement of Aspen. Beginning with the first burial in 1880, the cemetery became the final resting place for numerous settlers. When the community established two other more formally designed cemeteries, Ute Cemetery remained the burial ground for Aspen residents of modest means and uncelebrated accomplishments. (2001 photograph.) Davis Waite House 234 W. Francis St. National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.528.7 Constructed in 1888, the Late Victorian style two-story wood frame dwelling was occupied by Davis H. Waite before and after his two year term as Colorado’s governor. Serving at the time of the Silver Crash of 1893, Waite also oversaw the enactment of women’s suffrage in Colorado. A lawyer and member of the Populist Party, Waite was an early publisher of the Aspen Times. Listed under Historic Resources of Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (2000 photograph.) Henry Webber House / Pioneer Park 442 W. Bleeker National Register 3/6/1987, 5PT.115.10 Often referred to as Pioneer Park, the 1½-story brick house was constructed in 1885 for Henry Webber, a shoe and boot merchant, who came to Aspen in 1880 and subsequently amassed considerable wealth through his mining investments. Featuring a mansard roof with multiple dormers, the well preserved dwelling is a rare local example of the Second Empire style. Listed under Aspen Multiple Resource Area. (1986 photograph.) Wheeler Opera House 330 E. Hyman Ave. National Register 8/21/1972, 5PT.35 Financed by Jerome B. Wheeler, construction of the massive three-story commercial building located on a prominent downtown corner began in 1888 and was completed in 1898. Designed by early Denver architect Willoughby J. Edbrooke, utilizing a mix of Romanesque and Italianate style architectural elements, the primarily hipped roof building has walls of peachblow sandstone. Rounded arches define window and door openings on the first and third levels. Retail spaces were located on the first floor, professional offices were on the second, and the Opera House occupied the entire third floor. A fire gutted the third floor in 1912, and it remained closed off until 1947 when the upper two floors were leased to the Aspen Company. (1971 photograph.) Wheeler-Stallard House 620 W. Bleeker St. National Register 5/30/1975, 5PT.32 Constructed in 1888 for Jerome B. Wheeler, an investor from New York who played an important role in Aspen’s evolution from a mining camp into a town of culture and refinement, the two-story brick house also includes a finished attic level. The building’s importance as a good local example of the Queen Anne style is reflected in its steeply pitched complex roof, asymmetrical massing, and decorative shingled gable ends. Purchased by Walter Paepcke in 1945, this distinctive residence was conveyed to the Aspen Historical Society for use as a museum in 1969. (ca. 2000 photograph.) back to the top Independence Independence & Independence Mill Site Colo. Hwy. 82, White River National Forest National Register 4/11/1973, 5PT.18 The cluster of log cabins and cabin ruins remaining on the site are associated with early mining history in the Upper Roaring Fork area of eastern Pitkin County. Most of the buildings in the settlement, which extended along the Roaring Fork River, have collapsed or lack roofs. Located on the Independence Pass wagon road between Aspen and Leadville, the town served as a good stopping point for travelers. Population reportedly grew from 150 miners in 1881 to approximately 2,000 residents during the mid-1880s. By the late 1880s, fewer than 100 residents remained, and most commercial enterprises had either closed or relocated to Aspen. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1999 photograph.) back to the top Redstone Osgood Castle / Cleveholm Redstone vicinity National Register 6/28/1971, 5PT.553.2 Also known as Cleveholm, the sprawling forty-two room mansion is located approximately one mile south of Redstone. Designed for John Cleveland Osgood, under the direction of the New York architectural firm of Boal & Harnois, the residence was completed in 1903. Reminiscent of a 16th century Tudor manor house in its overall appearance, towers, turrets, and oriel windows are among the most interesting architectural details. First and second story walls are of cut and coursed red sandstone, while the third story and gable ends are covered with wood shingles. Osgood first traveled west in 1882 and found his riches in Colorado coal fields. He founded the Colorado Fuel Company, which he later merged with Colorado Coal and Iron Company to form the powerful Colorado Fuel & Iron Company, commonly referred to as CF&I. (1994 photograph.) Osgood Gamekeeper’s Lodge 18679 Colo. Hwy. 133 National Register 7/19/1989, 5PT.556 The 1901 lodge is located slightly north of the Osgood Castle. Designed in the Swiss Chalet style by architect Theodore Boal, the 1½-story wood shingled lodge served as the residence for the caretaker of John C. Osgood’s private game preserve. Dominating the façade are full-width galleries with decorative cut and sawn balustrades. Large carved spindles support a balcony located under the wide, projecting eaves of the clipped gable roof. Listed under Historic Resources of Redstone, Colorado Multiple Property Submission. (1999 photograph.) Osgood-Kuhnhausen House 642 Redstone Blvd. National Register 8/18/1983, 5PT.443 Dating from 1901, the small wood frame cottage is topped with a pyramidal roof. It is representative of the dwellings erected under the direction of John C. Osgood as housing for married workers associated with his coal related operations, which thrived in the area from 1899 to 1909. Osgood created his model company town based on a belief that providing better living conditions would result in greater production. Although the Redstone cottages were based on standard plans, they exhibited an eclectic mix of then popular styles in their varied ornamentation. Many of the one hundred cottages constructed by 1902 were subsequently demolished or moved to other locations. Redstone Coke Oven Historic District Colo. Hwy. 133 & Chair Mountain Stables Rd., Redstone vicinity National Register 2/7/1990, 5PT.451 The District is important for its association with the development of the coal mining and processing industry in Colorado. The ovens were constructed by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company in 1899, during a period of expansion in the processing of coking coal brought about by the increased demand from the region’s smelting industry. The Redstone ovens are also an important engineering resource, representing a type of industrial structure no longer in use and rapidly disappearing from the West. Listed under Historic Resources of Redstone, Colorado Multiple Property Submission. Redstone Historic District Along Crystal River, Hawk Creek to 226 Redstone Blvd. National Register 7/19/1989, 5PT.553 The Redstone Historic District is a rare, intact Colorado example of an industrial company town, with examples of buildings ranging from worker’s cottages to the large estate of the industrial magnate John Cleveland Osgood. Osgood, as head of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company from 1892 until 1903, regarded Redstone as his personal project and saw the town’s development as a model and standard for the industry. The district survives as a major body of work by architect Theodore Boal. Boal adapted popular Victorian styles to a mountain setting utilizing unique combinations of wood and stone in his picturesque designs. Listed under Historic Resources of Redstone, Colorado and Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submissions. (Superintendent’s House, 1988 photograph.) Redstone Inn 82 Redstone Blvd. National Register 3/27/1980, 5PT.553.1 The inn originally functioned as part of the model community built by John C. Osgood for the workers associated with his nearby coke producing and coal mining operations. The 2½-story wood frame building was constructed in 1902 for the primary purpose of housing bachelor miners in somewhat elegant surroundings. A large square clock tower, which incorporates a red sandstone base; extensive cross-timbering; and a steeply pitched pyramidal roof, rising a full story above the apex of the building’s roof are among the distinctive architectural details. The property is associated with the Mining Industry in Colorado Multiple Property Submission. 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