Download Oral topics Basic requirement- 2012 spring semester (Medical

Oral topics
Basic requirement- 2012 spring semester
(Medical students)
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The principles of cell communication
Receptors and ligands
Intracellular signal proteins, second messenger molecule
Intracellular receptors mediated signaling pathways  NO signaling pathway
G protein-coupled receptor-mediated signaling pathways (cAMP and IP3 signaling pathway)
Enzyme-linked receptor-mediated signaling pathways
GTP binding proteins (trimeric and monomeric proteins)
The role of calcium ions in the cell
The JAK/STAT signaling pathway & Inhibition of the JAK/ STAT-signaling pathway
Function of 5 signal molecules
Structure and types of neurons, hormonal and neuronal signaling
Excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (EPSP and IPSP)
The resting and action potential
Ion channels  gap junction
Receptors of neurons
Ion pumps
Synapses
Neurotransmitters
5 terms in neurobiology
General principles of immunity
The innate immune system
Inflammation
The cooperation of innate and adaptive immune system
The phases of cellular and humoral immune response
Clonal selection and immunological memory
Immunological tolerance and Autoimmune diseases
Antibodies, Antigens  Epitopes
The main stages in B cell development and class switching
The generation of antibody diversity
T cell receptors
MHC Proteins
5 terms from immunology
Chromosome imprinting  embryonic induction
Maternal effect
The zygotic genes
Hox genes, homeiosis, atavism
In vitro mutagenesis, knockout mice and
developmental abnormalities
Limb development
The genetics of aggression and dominance
The genetics of intelligence, addiction, faithfulness and ruthlessness
The genetics of adventure (promiscuity), liberalism and homosexuality
The concept of biotechnology  protest of society
Cloning
Genetic recombination in gene technology
Gene delivery to cultured cells, Foreign gene expression
Gene delivery to living organisms
Recombinant proteins
Antibody technology  antibiotics
Genetically modified plants
Genetically modified animals
Genetically modified microorganisms
Principles of tumor formation
Oncogenes
Tumor-suppressor genes
The two-hit and the multiple-hit hypothesis
p53
Metastasis
5 terms of cancer biology
General aspects of tumor biology: inheritance, penetrance, founder effect
Chromosomal disorders
Other diseases caused by gene mutations
Cystic fibrosis (CF), Sickle cell anemia (SCA), Phenylketonuria (PKU)
SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
Obesity – as in the basic requirement
Osteoporosis – as in the basic requirement
Mitochondrial diseases – as in the basic requirement
Cardiovascular diseases – as in the basic requirement
Asthma – as in the basic requirement
Rheumatoid arthritis – as in the basic requirement
Diabetes– as in the basic requirement
Stress and anxiety – as in the basic requirement
Depression– as in the basic requirement
Huntington disease – as in the basic requirement
Parkinson disease – as in the basic requirement
Alzheimer disease– as in the basic requirement
The general aspects of stem cells
Embryonic stem cells
Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells
Regenerative medicine
Gene Therapy
Vaccines
Terms of modern medicine(evidence-based medicine, translational medicine, predictive
medicine)
84. The areas of genomics
85. HapMap, Genome-wide association studies (GWA)
86. Genetic mapping of Mendelian diseases
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87. Mapping of the complex disease susceptibility genes
88. Haplotype  genetic recombination
89. Reporter genes
90. The Cre-loxP system
91. The silent sites of genetic code and diseases
92. Synthetic life  metagenomics
93. PCR  VNTR analysis
94. Molecular cloning
95. Southern blot, Western blot  Immunohistochemistry
96. Structural genomics – as in the basic requirement
97. Functional genomics – as in the basic requirement
98. Cytogenetics
99. We ignore the extra question of failed MTO
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Student selects the topic