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2010 Senior External Examination Biology Tuesday 2 November 2010 Paper Two — Question and response book Time allowed • Perusal time: 10 minutes • Working time: 2 hours 1 pm to 3:10 pm Candidate use Print your candidate number here 1 0 – Examination materials provided • Paper Two — Question and response book • Notepaper Attach barcode here Equipment allowed • QSA-approved equipment • non-programmable calculator Number of books used Directions Do not write in this book during perusal time. Paper One has two parts: • Part A — Continuity of life • Part B — Evolution and diversity Suggested time allocation • Part A: 60 minutes • Part B: 60 minutes Assessment Assessment standards are at the end of this book. After the examination session The supervisor will collect this book when you leave. Supervisor use only Supervisor’s initials QSA use only Marker number – Planning space Part A — Continuity of life Section 1 — Short response Section 1 has eight questions that assess Understanding biology (UB) and Investigating biology (IB). Attempt all questions. Respond to the questions in the spaces provided. Question 1 (UB) Briefly explain the major difference between meiosis and mitosis. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... Question 2 (UB) In guinea pigs, short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s). Two short-haired guinea pigs were mated and they produced equal numbers of short-haired and long-haired offspring. Show your working to establish the genotypes of the parents. Question 3 (UB) The Wollemi Pine is one of the world’s rarest plants. The natural population of about 38 plants has very little genetic diversity. Explain why this lack of genetic diversity may affect the ongoing survival of this species. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 1 Question 4 (UB) Draw a graph that shows the changes in thickness of the uterine wall throughout a complete menstrual cycle. On the graph, explain the effects of one hormone in one stage. Thickness 0 Days 28 Question 5 (UB) Choose an organism that produces many offspring (e.g. a fish) and one that produces only one or two at a time (e.g. a horse). Compare and contrast the reproductive strategies of these organisms in relation to the success of the species. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 2 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Question 6 (IB) Use a pedigree (including an appropriate key that follows biological conventions) to demonstrate the inheritance of a sex-linked recessive gene on a family. Question 7 (IB) In snapdragons (a common decorative flowering garden plant), the homozygous conditions are red or white flowers while the heterozygous condition is pink flowers. This is an example of incomplete dominance. Use a Punnett square to show the working used to establish the genotypes and phenotypes of a cross between a white flower and a pink flower. 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 3 Question 8 (IB) The following diagram shows a pedigree for the condition of albinism in humans. People with albinism lack pigment in the hair, skin and eyes. C D I J N A B I E F G H II K L M III O IV State the type of inherited trait that albinism demonstrates. Use information provided in the diagram in your response. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... End of Section 1 4 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Section 2 — Extended response Section 2 has two questions that assess Evaluating biological issues (EBI). Write an extended response to one of the questions below. Your response must refer to biological principles, concepts and ideas. Plan your response carefully. If you do a first draft and then a final draft, indicate which is the draft to be assessed. Either Question 1 (EBI) Critically evaluate the use of transgenic organisms in modern science and agricultural research. or Question 2 (EBI) The increasing demand for reproductive technologies due to a variety of reasons could result in artificial selection of the human genome. Justify the development of selection criteria for the use of reproductive technologies based on biological principles. Successful applicants could be people who are unable to reproduce naturally due to genetic disorders. Tick the question you have chosen: 1 2 ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 5 ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... End of Section 2 End of Part A 6 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Part B — Evolution and diversity Section 1 — Short response Section 1 has six questions that assess Understanding biology (UB) and Investigating biology (IB). Attempt all questions. Respond to the questions in the spaces provided. Question 1 (UB) When using the binomial naming system of classification, the first word represents which level of taxonomy? ............................................................................................................... Question 2 (UB) Stinging nettles, blue-bottle jellyfish and wasps are all capable of producing painful stings. From which type of evolution is this characteristic most likely to have evolved? ............................................................................................................... Question 3 (UB) Male kangaroos establish territories containing a number of female kangaroos with whom they mate. They must fight other males to maintain these territories. Male kangaroos are much larger than females and are specifically adapted to establish and defend their territories. In terms of natural selection, explain one advantage and one disadvantage of this type of competition between males. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 7 Question 4 (UB) Briefly explain Darwin’s theory of natural selection, using an appropriate example. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... Question 5 (UB) Construct a dichotomous key that will correctly classify the following organisms: mammal, bird, reptile, fish, insect. 8 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Question 6 (IB) The table below shows comparisons between the amino acid sequences in the DNA of echidnas, platypus and kangaroos. Pairs of organisms Number of amino acid differences Platypus – grey kangaroo 35 Platypus – echidna 10 Platypus – potoroo 32 Echidna – potoroo 29 Echidna – grey kangaroo 34 Potoroo – grey kangaroo 11 Use a diagram to show the evolutionary relationship between the organisms in the table. Explain your reasoning with specific reference to the data. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... End of Section 1 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 9 Section 2 — Extended response Section 2 has two questions that assess Evaluating biological issues (EBI). Write an extended response to one of the questions below. Your response must refer to biological principles, concepts and ideas. Plan your response carefully. If you do a first draft and then a final draft, indicate which is the draft to be assessed. Either Question 1 (EBI) Discuss how medical technology could impact on the evolutionary pathways of humans. or Question 2 (EBI) Pesticide and antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in the scientific community. Critically evaluate how these issues have been able to surface in the last 100 years. Predict the effect of this problem continuing unchecked in the future. Tick the question you have chosen: 1 2 ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 10 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... End of Section 2 End of Part B End of Paper Two 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 11 Additional pages for responses (if required) Part Section Question ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 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............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... 14 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Planning space 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 15 Planning space 16 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book 17 • formulating researchable questions • designing an investigation by providing methodology, addressing obvious variables and control and planning replicate treatments • organising data • formulating justified researchable questions • designing an investigation by providing methodology, addressing variables and control, planning replicate treatments and identifying data to be collected • evaluating the design of the investigation and reflecting on the adequacy of the data collected and proposing refinements. • interpreting and critically analysing data with links to theoretical concepts to draw conclusions relating to the question(s) • evaluating the design of the investigation and the adequacy of the data collected. • interpreting data and drawing conclusions relating to the question(s) • organising data The candidate communicates investigative processes by: The candidate communicates investigative processes by: • organising data to identify trends and interrelationships • designing an investigation by providing incomplete methodology with few variables and attempts to include a control • applying knowledge and understanding to a range of complex tasks. • applying knowledge and understanding to a range of complex and challenging tasks. Investigating biology • explaining ideas, concepts, principles and theories and describing interrelationships between them • making links between related ideas, concepts, principles and theories to reveal meaningful interrelationships D • using data to draw conclusions. • identifying researchable questions The candidate communicates investigative processes by: • applying knowledge and understanding to a range of tasks. identifying interrelationships • attempting to organise data. • designing an investigation which provides incomplete methodology and mentions variables • using data to answer questions The candidate communicates investigative processes by: The candidate communicates understanding by stating ideas • defining and describing ideas, and using terminology relevant to concepts and recalling concepts, principles and interrelationships. theories, and The candidate communicates understanding by: The candidate communicates understanding by: The candidate communicates understanding by: C Understanding biology B A Criterion E The candidate communicates investigative processes by providing incomplete methodology, and transcribes data. The candidate states terminology and ideas relevant to concepts. Assessment standards from the 2006 senior external syllabus for Biology 18 2010 Biology — Paper Two — Question and response book Evaluating biological issues Criterion • analysing and evaluating information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity, reliability and bias • critically analysing and evaluating information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity, reliability and bias • comparing alternatives and predictions relevant in past, present and future biological contexts. • recognising alternatives and predictions that are relevant in a range of past and present biological contexts. • integrating the information • integrating the information and data to make justified and and data to make logical responsible decisions decisions The candidate communicates by: B The candidate communicates by: A • recognising concepts that form the basis of present-day biological issues in a range of biological contexts. • selecting relevant information and data to make plausible decisions and predictions • analysing information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity and bias The candidate communicates by: C (continued) • recognising that a given issue has biological implications. • making unsupported decisions • making statements related to source material The candidate communicates by: D The candidate communicates by restating supplied information. E Acknowledgment Aubusson P, Kennedy E & Hickman P 2000, Biology in Context: The Spectrum of Life, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Every reasonable effort has been made to contact owners of copyright material. We would be pleased to hear from any copyright owner who has been omitted or incorrectly acknowledged. Queensland Studies Authority 154 Melbourne Street, South Brisbane PO Box 307 Spring Hill QLD 4004 Australia T +61 7 3864 0299 F +61 7 3221 2553 www.qsa.qld.edu.au © The State of Queensland (Queensland Studies Authority) 2010 Copyright protects this material. Copyright in the Senior External Examination is owned by the State of Queensland and/or the Queensland Studies Authority. Copyright in some of the material may be owned by third parties. Except as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 (Cwlth), reproduction by any means (photocopying, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise), making available online, electronic transmission or other publication of this material is prohibited without prior written permission of the relevant copyright owner/s. The Queensland Studies Authority requires to be recognised as the source of the Senior External Examination and requires that its material remain unaltered. Enquiries relating to copyright in this material, which is owned by the State of Queensland or the Queensland Studies Authority, should be addressed to: Manager Publishing Unit Email: [email protected]
