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Download Athens = one of ancient Greece`s most important cities
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Athens = one of ancient Greece’s most important cities (like modern day New York) named after Athena, goddess of wisdom, war and civilization art literature money (prosperous city) philosophy – thinking about thinking culture – theatre Parthenon = temple to worship Athena Sparta = another important city in ancient Greece strong military; powerful army study = war, military strategy Sparta and Athens do fight, but joined forces to defeat Persia Sculpture was a big part of Greek art = as realistic and perfect as possible According to ancient Greek mythology . . . The first being was called CHAOS (nothingness) From him came primeval gods Gaia – Mother Earth Uranus – Sky had offspring 6 Children known as the Titans usually portrayed as very big to demonstrate their power and rule over the world In addition to the titans, Earth and sky (Gaia and Uranus) also produced: Cyclopes (huge one-eyed beasts, angry, brutish beasts) Hundred-handers (beings with 50 heads and 100 arms) Kronos (Titan; master of time) helps his mother (Gaia) overthrow Uranus Kronos uses a sickle that Gaia gives him to chop off his father’s genitals The genitals fall into the sea and Aphrodite is born from the spilled fluid and sea foam, according to some myths After Kronos defeated his father, he assumes power Kronos marries Rhea: titaness of motherhood Together, they produce the Olympian gods and goddesses, who reigned at the top of Mount Olympus. Zeus (Jupiter): King of the gods. Ruler of sky and lightening. Poseidon (Neptune): god of ocean and of earthquakes, horses Hera (Juno): Zeus’ wife, queen of the gods Athena (Minerva): daughter of Zeus. She is the goddess of wisdom and war. Apollo (Apollo): son of Zeus, god of poetry, music, medicine and light. Artemis (Diana): Apollo’s twin sister. Goddess of hunting and wild animals Ares (Mars): son of Zeus, god of war Hephaestus (Vulcan): son of Zeus and Hera, godly blacksmith, god of fire Aphrodite (Venus): the wife of Hephaestus, goddess of love and beauty Hermes (Mercury): son of Zeus, the messenger god, winged sandals, god of science and invention Hestia (Vesta): Zeus’ sister, goddess of hearth and home Demeter (Ceres): Zeus’ sister, goddess of grain and agriculture Hades (Pluto): lord of the dead and the underworld Dionysus (Bacchus): God of wine, celebration and dancing human = mortal divine = godly, special
