Download Herpes Simplex Virus

Viral Skin Diseases
Herpes Simplex Virus
HSV-1 & HSV-2

Frequently benign but can cause severe
diseases.
 The clinical course is characterized
by 2 stages: a primary infection and
recurrent episodes.
Pathophysiology

The virus enters the host through either
a break in the skin or intact mucus
membrane. The virus invades sensory
neurons and is transported to the
sensory ganglia where it lies dormant.
Symptoms




At first there is a burning, itching, tingling
sensation in the area where the lesion will
form.
There is also pain, fever, swollen lymph
nodes and malaise.
The lesion appears as vesicle 1-3 mm in
diameter.
The boarder around the vesicle may be red
and inflamed.
Fully developed lesions has a crusty
cover and if there is pus under the crust
that may indicate a secondary bacterial
infection.
 The
whole symptomatic process
typically lasts 10-14 days and heals
without scarring.

Recurrence
 UV
radiation, stress, fatigue,
burn, fever, injury, menstruation,
dental procedures, infectious
disease and immunosuppresion.
Types:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Herpes Simplex Labialis.
Herpetic Gingivostomatits.
Herpetic whitlow.
Anorectal herpes.
Genital ulcers (HSV2).
Eczema herpeticum.
Herpes Simplex Labialis
Herpetic whitlow
Eczema herpeticum

All over the skin

Usually found in children
Genital herpes
Rectal herpes
Herpes gladiatorum

Head, neck and chest

Usually contracted by wrestlers
Treatment:
Acyclovir
200 mg/5 times a day for 5 days.
Chickenpox

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease
that causes skin lesions in children.
 Transmitted through direct contact
with lesions and respiratory secretions.

Chickenpox is caused by the varicellazoster virus (VZV).
Symptoms
I.P; 10-23 days
 Chickenpox causes a red, itchy rash on
the skin that usually appears first on
the abdomen or back then spreads to
almost everywhere else on the body,
including the scalp, mouth, nose, ears
and genitals.



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The rash begins as multiple small, red
papules that look like insect bites. They
develop into vesicles filled with clear fluid.
The blister wall breaks, leaving open
sores, which finally crust over to become
dry, brown scabs.
Some kids have a fever, abdominal pain,
sore throat, headache, or a vague sick
feeling a day or 2 before the rash appears.
Treatment:

Only symptomatic.
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)



Herpes zoster is caused by the same virus as
chicken pox (VZV).
Zoster typically causes more pain and less
itching than chicken pox. A person may feel
burning, itching, tingling. These symptoms
are typically present for 1-3 days, before a
red rash appears in the same area.
Then groups of vesicles appear, which
generally last for 2-3 weeks.
Clinical Types:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ordinary H.Z.
Disseminated H.Z.
Ophthalmic H.Z.
H.Z. oticus.
Complications
1.
2.
3.
4.
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).
Severe disease may show
hemorrhagic, bullous and gangrenous
lesions.
Motor involvement: facial palsy.
Ocular complications: uveitis, keratitis
and conjunctivitis.
Treatment:
Acyclovir
800 mg/5 times a day for 7-10 days.
Warts

Warts are caused by human papilloma
viruses (HPV).
Clinical Varieties:
1.
Common warts
2. Filiform warts;
3. Plan warts;
4. Plantar warts;
5. Condylomata accuminata;
Treatment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Electrocautry.
Cryosurgery.
Keratolytic therapy; 5-20% salicylic
acid and 5-20% lactic acid in flexible
collodion.
Podophyllin resin 25%.
Laser therapy.
Molluscum Contagiosum
The infecting virus is a pox virus called
the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV).
 Molluscum contagiosum lesions are
flesh-colored, dome-shaped, and pearly
in appearance. They are often 1–5
millimeters in diameter, with a dimpled
center.

Treatment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cryotherapy.
Removal with sharp curette.
Electrocautry.
Topical tretinoin.
THE END