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GLOSSARY of MEDICAL TERMS and DISEASES Diagnosed by Medical Officers of the Tunnellers Abscess Adenitis Albuminuria Amblyopia Anaemia Anchylosis Ankylostomaisis Angioma Aortic Bruit Aphonia Appendicitis Arthritis Arthritis Astigmatism Balanitis Boils Bronchitis Bronchopneumonia Bursitis Burns & scalds Cancer Carbuncle Cardio Vascular Disease Catarrh Frontal Cararrh Cellulitis of leg Chancre Chancroid Cholecystitis Crepitation Coccydynia Concussion Conjunctivitis Constipation Corneal Ulcer Coryza Cyanosis Painful, infected area where pus forms Inflammation of a Gland Album in urine a sign of kidney damage Dimness of Vision Disorder of the blood Fusion of joint – bones grow together Hookworm disease – parasitic worm living in intestine Benign growth consisting of small blood vessels that can bleed profusely if breached Vascular murmur – unusual sound Loss of voice or ability to speak normally and only in whispers Inflammation of appendix requiring removal Ankles & Feet only – joints are sites of rheumatic disease Crippling disease of joint linings, cartilage swollen & painful with limited movement, stiff and painful, unable to move properly Eye defect causing blurred vision Inflammation of Glans Penis Raised, tender pus-filled areas Inflammation of bronchial tubes – acute or chronic Inflammation of lungs, air passages leading to lung tissue Painful inflammation and swelling of Bursa, caused by kneeling on hard surface. Injuries to skin caused by heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation Cysts Cystitis Development of malignant cells Red, swollen and painful cluster of boils connected under the skin Circulation of blood in heart, arteries, capillaries and veins Discharge from mucous membrane Discharge from mucous membrane (face) Infection of skin giving hard, red, shiny appearance Painless ulcer first symptom of Syphilis Sexually transmitted disease STD – painful sores on genitalia Inflammation of gall bladder Crackling sound - lungs Pain in coccyx area – lowest spine bone Temporary loss of consciousness by trauma to head Inflammation of membrane lining eyeball and inner eyelid surface Painful emptying of bowel Inflammation of the Cornea (front of the eyeball) Inflammation of upper respiratory tract – Common Cold blue-purple discolouration of skin and mucous membranes due to loss of oxygen Lump, internal or external filled with liquid or semi-liquid Inflammation of the Bladder DAH Deafness Debility Defective Vision Delusional Insanity Disordered Action of Heart Partial or total loss of hearing Weakness, loss of power in muscles, a symptom of disease Impairment of the sense of sight False conception of reality Dental Caries Dermatitis Diarrhoea Dysentery Dyspepsia Dyspnoea Tooth decay Inflammation of skin with a large variety of causes Excessive discharge of bowel material / watery discharge Infection of intestinal tract Deranged or impaired digestion Breathless on exertion Eczema Ecchymosis of eyelids Edentulous Effort Syndrome Skin condition characterised by red, itchy rash and blisters Ruptured Blood Vessels Lacking teeth, toothless Also called Soldier’s Heart. Nervous heart or cardiac neurosis. Patient exhibits a group of symptoms he thinks are heart disease but has a healthy heart. Underlying disorder is anxiety. Air sacs of lung rupture and coalesce, reducing effective breathing Emphysema Emphysematous A chronic, irreversible disease of lungs characterised by abnormal enlargement of air spaces accompanied by destruction of lung tissue lining the wall of the air spaces. Empyema Encephalitis Pus forms in chest. Cavity made to drain lungs in pneumonia Acute inflammation of the brain Endocarditis Disease of heart muscle Enteric fever Enteritis Epididymitis Erythema Term describing Typhoid Fever, Paratyphoid or Paratyphoid B. Inflammation of intestine Infection of the epididymis generally caused by a bacterial infection causing pain, swelling and inflammation. a skin inflammation that results in reddish, painful, tender lumps Exudate Fluid in normal process of wound healing Fern Vein Fibrosis of Lungs Filariasis Follicular Tonsillitis Flat Feet Fractured Phalanx Furunculosis Scar or fibrous tissue in Lungs Tropical disease cause by thread-like parasitic worms, resulting in large swellings. e.g. elephantitis A passage or hole formed between body and skin Inflammation & formation of pimples due to infection of hair follicles Bacterial infection of tonsils Sole of foot rests flat on the ground Any of the bones of the fingers Boils Gleet Gonorrhoea Inflammation of urethra – advanced STD Contagious disease contracted through sexual contact Granulating Surface of wound in healing process Haematuria Haemorrhoids / Piles Hallux Valgus Hammer Toe Presence of blood in urine Enlarged vein in wall of ano-rectal canal Foot condition in which big toe points towards other toes Deformity of bones in big or greater toe Hemoptysis Expectoration of blood Hernia Right Inguinal hernia / double hernia Hepatic vessels in meso-colon mesenteric organ of intestinal colon Herpes pedis Herpes Zoster Hookworm Disease Hydrocele Hypermetropia Inflammation of skin accompanied by clusters of small blisters - feet Shingles – Inflammation of skin by clusters of small blisters Ankylostomaisis – parasitic worm living in intestine Collection of watery fluid in sac-like body cavity usually scrotum Long sightedness Fistula Folliculitis Hypertrophy Tonsils Excessive thickening or growth in tonsils ICT Icterus Impetigo Influenza Inflammation of connective tissues Jaundice – liver disorder Contagious skin infection Acute, infectious disease caused by a virus accompanied by chills, fever, headache, aches and pain, weakness, appetite loss & mucous a torn, ruptured or deranged meniscus of the knee Internal deranged knee Intraperitoneal Membrane of abdomen Iritis Ichthyosis Inflammation of the iris Hereditary condition – dry and scaly skin creating horny substance on surface of skin Jaundice A disorder showing yellowish to whites of eyes and skin. Icterus or Liver disorder Keratitis Inflammation of the Cornea (front of the eyeball) Laparotomy Surgery to abdomen Laryngitis Leucoma Ligation of veins Inflammation of voice box or larynx with hoarseness (Gassed) Dense white corneal opacity - eye Surgical tying of veins through a small incision in the skin to prevent pooling of blood Fatty Benign Tumour due to accidental injury Pain in lower back after sprain, strain or ligament damage Lipoma Loose Cartilage Lumbago Malaria Measles / Morbilli Melancholia dementia Meningitis Mitral disease Double Mitral disease Momentary loss of voice Mumps Myalgia Myocarditis Myositis Nephritis Neurasthenia Neuritis Nystagmus NYD Oedema Omentum Onycholysis Orchitis Orthopnoea Disease of acute attacks of chills & high fever caused by parasite spread by bites from mosquitoes Contagious disease caused by virus – rash on face, neck & body Profound emptiness and inactivity – loss of pleasure and interest Inflammation of membranes covering brain and spinal cord Rheumatic disease of mitral valve of the heart Dual-flap of bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve After gas attack on the front Contagious disease caused by virus with swelling of face & neck Muscular Pain caused by strain, inflammation or heavy exertion Inflammation of the muscular substance of the heart Inflammation of a muscle, particularly shoulders and hips Inflammation of Kidneys Nervous condition, constantly worried to point of exhaustion Inflammation of nerves of peripheral nervous system Disorder of eyes referred as slant eye—the vision became oblique Safety lamps were often the cause and often naked light was preferred as it was better illumination. Not Yet Diagnosed Abnormal accumulation of fluid in body producing swelling Supportive layer of abdomen Loosening of top & sides of nail caused by infection or excessive exposure to water containing harsh solvents Inflammation of testicles – a complication after mumps or infection Extreme shortness of breath relieved by standing up – occurs in Congestive heart failure Osteitis Otitis Otitis Media Inflammation of bone Inflammation of ear Middle ear infection Otosclerosis Hardening of ear bones Papilloma Pneumonia Lobar Polypus Prostatitis Tumour from outgrowth in mucous membrane caused by virus, chemicals or other factors Infectious disease like Typhoid Fever Inflammation of Parotoid one of the Salivary glands in the neck Mumps Inflammation of Periosteum (bone tissue) Infested with lice Severe inflammation of the throat (known as Quinsy) Infection of Pharynx Old name for TB – wasting away of tissues Inflammation of the pleura, the double membrane that covers each lung and lines the chest cavity Inflammation of both the pleura and lungs Fibrosis of the Lungs (Fibrous tissue growth in lungs) Miners Complaint Collapsed lung or presence of air or gas in chest cavity between membrane layers and pleura Bacteria affecting one or more lobes of the lung Tumour projecting from mucus membrane Inflammation of Prostate Gland Presbyopia Loss of vision of things near Purpura Disease characterised by purple or vivid spots on the skin or mucous membrane, caused by the extravasation of blood Fever of Uncertain or Unknown Origin Paratyphoid Fever Parotitis Parotitis Periostitis Pediculosis Peritonsillar Abscess Pharyngitis Phthisis Pleurisy Pleuropneumonia Pneumoconiosis Pneumothorax Pyrexia P U O Rales Renal Abscess Rheumatism Rhinitis Rhonchi Rose Measles Scabies Clicking or rattling lung sounds Abscess is a localized collection of pus in a hollow area formed by the breaking up of tissues. Renal denotes - in the kidney Term for group of disorders involving pain in joints, bones & tissues Inflammation of mucous membranes lining nose, causing running nose Name for harsh wheezing sounds made by a person suffering from Bronchitis Rubella highly contagious viral disease A skin irritation caused by Itch Mite whose eggs are laid under the skin’s outer layer. Scalded leg & foot Burn injury caused by hot liquid or gas Sciatica Pain in Sciatic nerve (lower back to legs) inflammation of nerve Senility Decline or deterioration of physical strength or mental functioning Shell Shock & Shell Shock Neurosis Bursting shells cause a vacuum-air rushes into this vacuum and disturbs cerebro-spinal fluid upsetting the working of the brain Early symptoms include tiredness, irritability, giddiness, lack of concentration, headaches moving to mental breakdowns, shaking with ague (fit of fever), uncontrollable to speechless. Silicosis Disease of lungs caused by breathing rock dust - Miners’ complaint Sinusitis Inflammation of the nasal membranes Snow Blindness Damage to optic nerve by severe brightness Social Diseases Chancre, Gleet, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Venereal disease (VD) Somnambulism Generally known as sleep-walking Sprained Back Sprained Knee Stomatitis Synovitis Syphilis Joint injury involving tearing of ligaments Joint injury involving tearing of ligaments Inflammation of mouth, Trench Mouth, Vincent’s Angina, Thrush Tissue lining lubricates certain joints during movement becomes Inflamed Sexually transmitted disease STD – bacteria starts a painless ulcer Systolic Bruit Systolic Murmur Abnormal sound in systole Defect in rhythmic contraction of heart Tachycardia Tendinitis Trachitis Transverse Myelitis Tonsillitis Trench Angina Trench Fever Trench Feet Rapid Heart Rate Inflammation of tendon, a band of tissue anchoring muscle to bone Inflammation of Trachea Inflammation of spinal cord Inflammation of tonsils Bleeding from gums also known as Vincent’s Angina A recurrent fever, often suffered by soldiers in trenches in World War I, caused by a rickettsia transmitted by the body louse Caused by constant wet feet in boots and wet socks Tricuspid Valve to right heart ventricle Tuberculosis Tympanum TB infectious disease, frequently affects the lungs Medical term for ear drum Urethritis Urticaria Varicocele Varicose veins VDH Venereal Disease Inflammation of Urethra Hives Varicose veins in scrotum Knotted blood vessels usually in legs Valvular Disease of heart – endocarditis – defects of heart valves Sexually transmitted disease STD /VD infections passed from one to another (Phlebotomy) removing blood from circulatory system Bleeding from gums also called Trench Angina. Venesection Vincent’s Angina © Donna Baldey www.tunnellers.net