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Body Systems
Function and organization of the body systems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRFykdf4kDc
Body Organization
Your body is made of trillions of cells.
Cells – Simplest and most basic unit of all living
organisms.
Tissue – A group of cells that are similar and work
together to perform a specific function.
Organ – Two or more tissues that work together to
perform a specific function.
Body System – A group of organs working together for
one purpose.
Ex: Digestive System is made of many organs that are all
working together to provide Nutrients for your body.
Body Systems Work Together
Each body system has a specific purpose
Ex: The circulatory systems main function is to pump
blood through the body. As that blood travels through
the body it carries oxygen, nutrients, and chemical
messages to other parts of the body.
Your Body Systems
Skeletal System – Provides the frame work that gives
structure and supports the body.
Muscular System – Works with the skeletal system to
cause movement.
Nervous System – Controls and coordinates the
activities of the body systems.
Endocrine System – Helps the nervous system control
and coordinate movements of the body; Helps regulate
Growth.
Your Body Systems
Digestive System – Breaks down food into nutrients,
stores nutrients, and eliminates waste from the body.
Urinary System – Filters liquid waste products from the
blood and eliminates them from the body.
Circulatory System – Transports and distributes gases,
nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.
Protects the body from disease.
Respiratory System – Exchanges oxygen from the
environment and carbon dioxide from the body.
The Nervous
System
Your bodies control center
Composed of:
Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves, and Sensory Organs.
Ex: Eyes, Ears, and Taste Buds.
Gathers and interoperates information about the bodies
internal and external environments and generates a
responds to that information.
Your Brain
Mass of Nervous Tissue that is located inside your
skull.
Tells your body what to do by sending impulses to
different parts of the body.
Your Brains Structure
Three Parts:
Cerebrum – Coordinates many of the activities of the body systems. Controls
your senses (taste, smell, sight, touch, and hearing). Also controls emotions,
voluntary muscle movements, consciousness, learning, and memory.
Cerebellum – Muscle coordination, balance, and power.
Brainstem – Part of you brain that connects to the spinal cord. Controls Heart
rate, blood pressure, and breathing.
Central Nervous System
Red
Made up of your Brain and Spinal cord.
Spinal Cord –
A bundle of nervous tissue that is
surrounded by your vertebrae
Protects nervous tissue and allows signals
to be sent from the brain to the body.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8yEhRZgvw
Peripheral Nervous System
Blue
Composed of the nerves that connect all
the parts of your body to the (CNS)
Nerves – Bundle of cells that send
electrical signals through the body.
Like a cable made up of many small
wires that are bundled together.
Control communication.
Common Problems of the
Nervous System
Use your computer to Look up the following…
Meningitis –
Rabies –
Concussion –
Paralysis –
Epilepsy –
Cerebral Palsy –
Endocrine System
Endocrine System
Network of tissues and organs that release chemicals
which control certain body functions.
Composed of a system of Glands that make and release
Hormones. Regulating and controlling body activity.
Your Glands –
Tissue or group of tissues that make and release chemicals.
Endocrine System
Hormones –
Chemicals that travel in the blood and cause changes in
different parts of the body.
Used to send messages to different parts of the body
which regulate your development.
Helps body maintain Homeostasis –
Ability of the body to maintain a constant internal state.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tN78hYn3ehc
Circulatory System
- Circulatory system is made up of three parts.
-
Heart, Blood Vessels, and Blood
- Main Purposes
-
To transport nutrients from one part of the body to
another so they can be used by the cells.
-
Take waste materials from the cells to the kidneys, lungs,
and skin, where the waste can be removed.
Heart, Blood Vessels, & Blood
-
The Heart is the pump that (Each beat) pushes blood through the body.
-
The Blood vessels are the pipes through which the blood is pumped through.
-
You Body has about 5 liters of blood.
-
Blood is a tissue that is made of liquid, cell parts and two types of cells.
-
55% of your blood is a liquid called plasma.
-
The other 45% is made up of blood cells (RBC & WBC) and cell parts called
platelets.
Supply Lines
Arteries –
Blood Vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Does not pick up oxygen until it passes by the lungs.
When the heart contracts it pumps blood into the arteries.
Veins –
The vessels that return Deoxygenated blood to to heart.
Capillaries –
Microscopic blood vessels that link the arteries and veins.
Where Materials such as Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nutrients, & Waste
Products enter and leave the bloodstream.
How it works
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0s-1MC1hcE
The Respiratory System
The Respiratory System
What is it?
The Respiratory System is the body system that brings in
oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body.
Main components:
Nose, Throat, Voice Box, Windpipe, & Lungs.
The Respiratory System
Why do we breath?
Your cells use oxygen to function but produce carbon
dioxide.
These gasses are forced in an out of the body through
breathing.
The Path of Air
Air enters the body through the Nose or Mouth.
It then passes through the thought or Pharynx.
The air then passes through the voice box or Larynx.
The air then enters the wind pipe or Trachea.
The Trachea the divides into two tubes (Bronchi) which
allow air into the Lungs.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGiPZf7njqY
The Lungs
The Lungs are large organs in which oxygen and
carbon dioxide are passed between the blood and the
environment.
How You Breathe
Alveoli
Tiny air sacks located at the ends of our bronchi in the lung that help move gases
when we breathe.
Diaphragm
Dome shaped muscle beneath the lungs.
Works to move air into and out of the lungs.
When the Diaphragm and other muscles in the ribs contract air enters.
Air leave the lungs when these muscles relax.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp-gCvW8PRY
How You Breathe: Step by Step
Step 1:
Inhalation happens at the diaphragm contracts and drops, causing the
lungs to fill with air.
Step 2:
Red Blood Cells pickup the oxygen and from the alveolus and drop off
carbon dioxide.
Step 3:
Tissues and cells pick up oxygen from the bloodstream and release
carbon dioxide. Blood travels back to the lungs where it exchanges the
waste gases for oxygen.
Step 4:
Exhalation happens as the diaphragm relaxes and rises, which forces air
out of the lungs.
Common Respiratory
Problems
Tuberculosis
Contagious infection that affects the lungs and causes chest Pain
and difficulty breathing. Caused by bacteria in the air.
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs where the alveoli become filled with a
thick fluid.
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi that often includes a cough that bring
mucus to the mouth.
th
7
Grade Poster Project
Students will have 2 class periods to complete.
The Following must be included.
The primary function of the system.
The major parts of the system.
The organization of the system.
What influences the health of this system.
How does this system help our participation in sports and
activities.
th
8
Grade Note Quiz
Caring For Your Body
Book Pg. 134-135.
Read Pgs. 34 – 35 in textbook
Answer Questions 1-3 in the lesson review.