Download advanced prostate cancer

ADVANCED
PROSTATE
CANCER
What is prostate cancer?
The prostate gland is
part of the male
reproductive system.
About the size of a
walnut, its role is to
secrete fluid that
nourishes and
protects sperm.
Prostate cancer refers to the
growth of cancerous cells
within this gland. Prostate
cancer occurs when abnormal
cells, supported by male
hormones such as
testosterone, begin to grow
uncontrollably to form tumours.
In some men, prostate cancer cells may also spread
beyond the prostate and move to other parts of the
body, most commonly the
bones or lymph nodes
(small, bean-shaped glands throughout the body).
This is referred to as advanced
or metastatic prostate cancer.
Prevalence
Prostate cancer has emerged as the
most common non-skin cancer in men
in Europe, accounting for over
of all cancer
diagnoses in men1
20%
About
10-20%
of patients
present with
advanced
stage disease2
3
Prostate
cancer
is the
rd
most common cause of
cancer death in Europe
with a mortality
rate of at least
one man
6
every
minutes
resulting in
more than
90,000
deaths
every
year1
Causes of prostate cancer
The factors that determine the risk of developing prostate cancer are not well known, although a
few have been identified. The well-established risk factors for prostate cancer are:3
Increasing
age
about 80% of men
who reach the age
of 80 have prostate
cancer cells in
their prostate
Ethnic origin
Genetic predisposition
Increasing age
Men with advanced prostate cancer often report feelings of:4,5
Anxiety and depression, stress
or loss of control, and problems
in coping
References:
1. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F et al. Globocan 2008 v2.0, cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. IARC CancerBase No. 10
[Internet]. Lyon,France: International Agency for Research on Cancer 2010. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr. Last
accessed: November 2015
2. Yap TA, Zivi A, Omlin A et al. The changing therapeutic landscape of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol
2011; 8 (10): 597–610
3. Mottet N, Bastian P.J, Bellmunt J, et al. Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. 2014. available from: http://uroweb.org/guideline/
prostate-cancer/. Last accessed: November 2015
4. Pirl WF, Mello J. Psychological complications of prostate cancer. Psychiatric Times; 1 November 2002
5. Korfage IJ, Essink-Bot M-L, Janssens ACJW, et al. Anxiety and depression after prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment:
5-year follow-up. Br J Cancer 2006;94:1093–8
ONC/15/0005/EUp
November 2015