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Something You Don’t Know About Cerumen 10301010076 Zhang Rui WHAT? • also known as earwax • a mixture of secretions from sebaceous glands and apocrine sweat glands • shed layers of skin keratin(60%) long-chain fatty acids(12%~20%) cholesterol(6%~9%) alcohols squalene WHERE? • • Outer ear canal "conveyor belt" process & jaw movement WHY? • Cleaning • Lubrication • bactericidal effect: Haemophilus influenza Staphylococcus aureus variants of E coli fungi APPLICATIONS—in anthropology an SNP in ATP-bingding cassette C11 gene negroid people caucasoid people mongoloid people american indians APPLICATIONS—in diagnosis • Proteomic analysis: 1D-PAGE LC-MS/MS • probiotic or antibiotic character • disease and infection associated changes 1. Petrakis NL, Molohon KT, Tepper DJ. Cerumen in American Indians: geneticimplications of sticky and dry types. Science. 1967 Dec 1;158(3805):11923.PubMed PMID: 6075316. 2. Meyer zum Gottesberge A, Meyer zum Gottesberge AM. [Cerumen from theanthropologic viewpoint]. Laryngorhinootologie. 1995 Jan;74(1):50-3. Review.German. PubMed PMID: 7888024. 3. Spitsyn VA, Afanas'eva Is. [Genetic geography of inherited dimorphism of earwax by its consistency]. Genetika. 1989 Oct;25(10):1854-60. Russian. PubMed PMID:2620812. 4. Roeser RJ, Ballachanda BB. Physiology, pathophysiology, Whatever is reasonable is true, andanthropology/epidemiology of human earcanal secretions. J Am Acad Audiol. 1997Dec;8(6):391-400. Review. PubMed 9433685. and PMID: whatever is true is reasonable. 5.. Stahl J, Mielke S, Pankow WR, Kietzmann M. Ceruminal diffusion activities and ceruminolytic characteristics of otic preparations -- an in-vitro study. BMC Vet Res. --Hegel 2013 Apr 10;9(1):70. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23574753; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3641987. 6. Feig MA, Hammer E, Völker U, Jehmlich N. In-depth proteomic analysis of the human cerumen-A potential novel diagnostically relevant biofluid. J Proteomics.2013 May 27;83:119-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.03.004. Epub 2013 Mar 18. PubMed PMID: 23517718. 7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earwax 8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCC11 REFERENCES THANK YOU!