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“Your child’s wellness is your happiness”
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Health
Morals
Behavior
Education
What is
Wellness
of your
child?
Sports
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We do our best to treat Childhood illnesses
But Remember….
Prevention is always better than cure
Think Wellness… Think Prevention…
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You leave no stone unturned…
By
•
Providing right nutrition
•
Maintaining hygienic atmosphere at home
•
Prompt medication at the first sign of illness
•
Moral Support
Schools Strive
Towards
•
Mental & physical development of children.
•
Managing emergencies
•
Periodic medical check ups
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Still……. diseases prevail
• Measles
• Tuberculosis
• Mumps
• Polio
• Rubella
• Hepatitis B
• Chicken pox
• Diphtheria
• Pertussis
• Tetanus
• Hepatitis A
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The Impact…
• Mental & physical trauma for the child & parents.
• Missing out on
– School
– Exams
– Fun & play.
– Work- in case of parents
• Temporary or permanent debilitation of the child
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Why Vaccines ???
Every year….
•Over 30 lacs deaths are prevented.1
•750,000 children are saved from disability.1 …due to vaccines.
Polio
•Polio –Eliminated except India, Pak, Afghanistan & Nigeria2
Diseases controlled worldwide
•
Smallpox – Eradicated 3.
•
Measles - Controlled (in America & parts of Europe)3.
•
Tetanus, Diphtheria, Rubella, Meningitis & Liver cancer due to Hepatitis B
- Dramatic reductions.
Smallpox
Measles
Tetanus
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1.
Ehreth J. The value of vaccination: a global perspective. Vaccine 2003; 21: 596-600; .2. Fine PE, Griffiths UK. Global poliomyelitis eradication: status and implications. Lancet 2007; 369(9570):1321-1322.; 3 IFPMA
May 2003.
•
With the exception of clean drinking water, vaccines are the most effective
intervention in reducing and preventing infectious diseases.1
•
26 diseases are now vaccine preventable.2
Clean Drinking
Water
Vaccination
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1. European Vaccine Manufacturer’s paper. “Out of Sight. Out of Mind”. 2003.; 2. IFPMA May 2003.
GLOBAL SCHOOL VACCINATION LAWS
Some countries that have compulsory school immunization
laws are:
• USA
• Canada
• Australia
• Germany
• Singapore
• Brazil
• Hungary
• Mexico
• Poland
……and many others
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Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 May 16;294(6582):1270-1.Ministry of Education Website, Singapore
The Indian Scenario
?
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All India School Survey
SCHOOL CONTACT
• 278 school
across India
Delhi
Ludhiana
Jaipur
• In ten cities
Kolkata
Ahmedabad
Pune
Mumbai
Hyderabad
Bangalore
Chennai
• Reached 1,62,000 children
• Response received from 75,000
children
• Age group - 5 to 10 years
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The Indian Scenario
Diseases
Percentage of children
that may be
unprotected
Chickenpox
Up to 59%
Hepatitis A
Up to 61%
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Up to 57%
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Economic impact of infection
Medical costs
–
–
–
–
–
Indirect/intangible costs
Medication
Transmission to others
Complications
Nurse advice
Visits to clinic, home and
emergency department
– Hospitalization
– Loss of earnings and
productivity (Patients, parents
or carers)
– Missing out on schools
– Isolation up to 2 weeks
– Impaired quality of life
– Scarring
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Immunisation
An Investment or Cost
?
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Common Childhood
Vaccine Preventable Diseases
•
Hepatitis A & Hepatitis B
•
Chicken Pox
•
Measles, Mumps. Rubella (MMR)
•
Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis
(DTP)
•
Typhoid
Jaundice
Measles
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Tetanus
Chickenpox
Mumps
Hepatitis
What is Hepatitis?
Hepatitis A virus
•
Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver
•
Hepatitis can be caused by a virus that gets into your body
and attacks the liver.
•
There are five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D & E.
•
Jaundice is only a symptom of Hepatitis.
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Hepatitis A is a serious liver disease caused by infection with the
Hepatitis A virus.
Symptoms of Hepatitis A
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Jaundice (yellow skin and eyes)
Dark urine
Light-colored stools
Diarrhea
Tiredness
Loss of appetite
Fever
Stomach-ache
Not everyone has symptoms.
Adults and teens will have symptoms more often than young children
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Hepatitis A: A Serious disease
•
Hepatitis A is one of the more common causes of acute liver failure in
young children in India.
•
Severe complications can occur, including:
–
Cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver
–
Liver failure
–
Death.
•
It may render your child bedridden for a month.
•
If this happens during exams, it can negatively impact a young mind’s
academic progress.
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1: Bhowmick K, Mammen A, Moses PD, Agarwal I, Mathew L, Kang G. Hepatitis A in pediatric acute
liver failure in southern India. Indian J Gastroenterol 2005; 24(1):34
Prevention of Hepatitis A
There is no specific medical treatment for hepatitis A.
It can be prevented by:
•Good Hygiene
•Clean drinking water; avoidance of food contamination
•Immune globulin
•Vaccination (pre-exposure)
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Source : http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/a/index.htm
Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B are different
HEPATITIS B VIRUS
HEPATITIS A VIRUS
Found in:
Blood and certain body fluids1
Found in:
Stools of infected people2
Spreads through:
•Transfer of body fluids from an infected
person1
•Mother to child at birth1
•Contaminated needles1
•Blood transfusions1
•Sexual contact1
Spreads through:
•Contaminated food and water2
•Unwashed & insufficiently cooked
vegetables2
• Food handled by infected people2
•Refrigerated foods2
•Swimming pools2
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1: Hepatitis B vaccines: WHO Position Paper
2: Fiore AE. Hepatitis A transmitted by food. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Mar 1;38(5):705-15.
Good news!
Both Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B
are vaccine preventable!
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Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B vaccine are different
Hepatitis B vaccine
•3 doses
Hepatitis A vaccine
•2 doses
1
3
•Given soon after birth
•Given after the 1st year of life
1
•After seroconversion, it provides
life-long protection from Hepatitis
B
3
•Provides life-long protection from
Hepatitis A
4
2
1: Engerix-B Prescribing Information
2: Banatvala JE, Van Damme P. Hepatitis B vaccine -- do we need boosters? J Viral Hepat. 2003 Jan;10(1):1-6
3: Havrix Prescribing Information
4: Van Damme P, Banatvala J, Fay O, Iwarson S, McMahon B, Van Herck K, et al. Hepatitis A booster vaccination: is there a need? Lancet. 2003 Sep 27;362(9389):1065-71
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Hepatitis Public Awareness Campaign
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Chickenpox
• Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused
by the varicella-zoster virus.
• It results in:
– blister-like rash (200-300 blisters)
– itching
– tiredness and
– fever.
Child should not attend school and be isolated for at
least 5 days after the spots first appear and until all the
blisters have dried.
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http://www.cdc.gov/nip/diseases/varicella/
How do you get chickenpox?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is transmitted by:
Coughing
–
Direct contact
Sneezing
Once a case has occurred in a susceptible population, it is very hard to prevent
an outbreak.
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http://www.who.int/vaccines/en/varicella.shtml
Did you know?
– Almost every individual born on this earth would suffer
from chickenpox in his/her lifetime, either as a child or
as an adult.
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http://www.who.int/vaccines/en/varicella.shtml
Chickenpox is not a benign disease
Complications in adolescents and adults
Neonatal varicella
Herpes Zoster
(Nagin)
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Clinical presentation
of herpes
zoster (Nagin)
Congenital varicella
syndrome
Ophthalmic neuralgia
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Prevention of Chickenpox
•
Control of Chickenpox can be achieved
only by widespread vaccination.
•
Doses : Up to 12 years – One dose
> 13 years - 2 doses
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http://www.who.int/vaccines/en/varicella.shtml
Chicken Pox Public Awareness Campaign
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Information
Knowledge
Your Power To Protect
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Mission
“To instill the importance of protection and
preventive healthcare in creating a sense of
WELLNESS in children, families and society at
large”
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Vision
“Healthy Children, Advantage India”
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Next Step:
• Collect your Health Record Card.
• Visit your Pediatrician.
• Get the Health Record Card updated.
• Follow your Pediatrician’s advice.
• Submit the Health Record Card back to school within a
fortnight.
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Thank you for attending
‘Your Power To Protect’ Program
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