Download Glossary abdominal muscles large group of muscles in the front of

Lower Back Pain and the Role of Massage
Glossary
abdominal
muscles
acetaminophen
acute pain
annulus fibrosa
antiplatelet
agents
cartilage
chronic pain
coccyx
corticosteroids
degenerative disc
disease
disc replacement
erector spinae
gluteal muscles
hamstrings
herniated disc
hip flexors
iliac crest
intervertebral
large group of muscles in the front of the abdomen that assists in the
regular breathing movement and supports the muscles of the spine
while lifting and keeping abdominal organs such as the intestines in
place
an analgesic drug used to treat headaches, arthritis, etc., and also to
reduce fever, often as an alternative to aspirin (Tylenol)
pain of short duration that gradually resolves as the injured tissues
heal
tough circular exterior of the intervertebral disc that surrounds the
soft inner core
medication that is used to eliminate or reduce the risk of blood clots
that help prevent or break up clots in your blood vessels or heart
tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue that is a major constituent of
embryonic and young vertebrate skeletons, is converted largely to
bone with maturation, and is found in various parts of the adult
body, such as the joints, outer ear, and larynx
pain that persists—often for months or even longer
a small, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans
and some apes, formed of fused vestigial vertebra
any of a group of steroid hormones (two kinds: glucocorticoids and
mineralocorticoids) produced in the adrenal cortex or made
synthetically
general term for the condition in which a damaged vertebral disc
causes chronic pain – either low back pain (and/or leg pain, sciatica)
in the lumbar spine or neck pain (and/or arm pain) in the cervical
spine
surgical procedure in which degenerated intervertebral discs in the
spinal column are replaced with artificial devices in the lumbar
(lower) or cervical (upper) spine
a large muscle that originates near the sacrum and extends vertically
up the length of the back and lies on each side of the vertebral
column, extending alongside the lumbar, thoracic and cervical
sections of the spine
group of three muscles which make up the buttocks: the gluteus
maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
any of five tendons at the back of a person's knee
condition in which the annulus fibrosus (outer portion) of the
vertebral disc is torn, enabling the nucleus (inner portion) to herniate
or extrude through the fibers
the iliopsoas or inner hip muscles psoas major and iliacus muscle
used in flexing the hip
the thick curved upper border of the ilium, the most prominent bone
on the pelvis
a layer of cartilage separating adjacent vertebrae in the spine
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Lower Back Pain and the Role of Massage
disc
intradiscal
electrothermal
therapy
kyphoplasty
laminectomy
ligaments
lumbar spinal
stenosis
lumbar vertebrae
microdiscectomy
muscles
NSAIDs
nucleus pulposus
oblique muscle
osteoarthritis
osteoporosis
psoas muscle
quadratus
lumborum
where disc pain is caused by nerve fibers that have grown from their
normal location in the outer layers of the disc, reaching into the disc
interior with heat to destroy the nerve fibers and toughen the disc
tissue, sealing any small tears followed by antibiotics to prevent a
disc infection
medical spinal procedures in which bone cement is injected through
a small hole in the skin (percutaneously) into a fractured vertebra
after a balloon is injected to make space with the goal of relieving
back pain caused by vertebral compression fractures
back surgery used to relieve compression on the spinal cord in
which the lamina, part of the bone that forms the vertebral arch in
the spine, is removed
a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that
connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint or supports
an organ and keeps it in place
medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses
the spinal cord and nerves at the level of the lumbar vertebra;
usually due to the common occurrence of spinal degeneration that
occurs with aging
the five vertebrae (L1-L5) between the rib cage and the pelvis
a small portion of the bone over the nerve root and some of the disc
material from under the nerve root is removed to relieve pressure on
the nerve and provide room for the nerve to heal
a band or bundle of fibrous tissue in a human or animal body that
has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining
the position of parts of the body
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are a class of analgesic
medication that reduces pain, fever and inflammation
the inner core of the vertebral disc composed of a jelly-like material
that consists of mainly water, as well as a loose network of collagen
fibers; its elastic inner structure allows the vertebral disc to
withstand forces of compression and torsion
the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat
muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen
degeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone causing pain
and stiffness, especially in the hip, knee and thumb joint
a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile
from loss of tissue
two psoas muscles on each side of the back; psoas major originates
at the spine around the bottom of the rib cage and runs down to the
thigh bone (the femur), acting to flex the hip
a quadrilateral-shaped muscle of the abdomen that arises from the
iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament, inserts into the lowest rib and
the upper four lumbar vertebrae, and functions especially to flex the
trunk laterally
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Lower Back Pain and the Role of Massage
quadriceps
sacrum
sciatica
spinal cord
spinal fusion
spinal multifidus
spine
spondylolisthesis
spondylolysis
tendons
vertebroplasty
the large muscle at the front of the thigh, which is divided into four
distinct portions and acts to extend the leg
a triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and
situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis
pain affecting the back, hip, and outer side of the leg, caused by
compression of a spinal nerve root in the lower back, often owing to
degeneration of an intervertebral disk
the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue that is
enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the
brain, with which it forms the central nervous system
surgery to permanently connect two or more vertebrae in your spine,
eliminating motion between them
a muscle of the fifth and deepest layer of the back filling up the
groove on each side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae from
the sacrum to the skull and consisting of many fasciculi that pass
upward and inward to the spinous processes and help to erect and
rotate the spine
series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back,
enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and
abdomen
condition in which one vertebral body is slipped forward over
another most likely caused by an underlying condition of
spondylolysis
condition in which there is a defect in the pars interarticularis (a
small segment of bone from the vertebral arch joining the facet
joints of the spine) of the vertebra; this defect is usually due to
degeneration in older people or more common in younger athletes
a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue
attaching a muscle to a bone
medical spinal procedures in which bone cement is injected through
a small hole in the skin (percutaneously) into a fractured vertebra
with the goal of relieving back pain caused by vertebral compression
fractures
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