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Download Insecta Part 1 - Marietta College
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Subphylum Uniramia Class Insecta I. Orders Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Plecoptera and Isoptera Dave McShaffrey Biology Department Marietta College Fall, 2000 Order Ephemeroptera Mayflies • e-fem-er-op’ ter-a Gr. ephemeros, lasting but a day + pteron, wing • direct development; small to medium sized • adults: membranous wings, forewings larger, wings held vertical, vestigial mouthparts • larvae: aquatic, usually 3 caudal filaments, platelike gills • benthic, freshwater • 2,000 species Ephemerella needhami Ephemerellidae Ephemerella needhami Ephemerellidae Isonychia bicolor Oligoneuriidae Flat-headed mayfly larva Heptageniidae Mayfly larva Potamanthidae Order Odonata - Dragonflies & Damselflies • • • • o-do-na’ ta Gr. odontos, toothed direct development large adults: membranous wings equal in size, long slender abdomen, large eyes – dragonflies - wings held horizontally at rest – damselflies - wings held vertically at rest Order Odonata - Dragonflies & Damselflies (cont.) • larvae: aquatic, with prehensile labium covering lower part of face – dragonflies - stout, with 3 pointed caudal appendages – damselflies - slender, with 3 flattened, leaflike caudal appendages (gills) • benthic, freshwater, adults and larvae predaceous • 4,870 species Aeshnidae - Anax junius Green Darner Green Darner Aeshnidae - Anax junius Libelullidae - Celithemis elisum Calico Pennant Libelullidae - Sympetrum rubicundulum Ruby Meadowhawk Libelullidae - Erythemis simplicicollis Eastern Pondhawk Gomphidae - Clubtails Lestidae - Spreadwings Calopterygidae - Calopteryx maculata Black-winged Damselflies Calopterygidae - Hetaerina americana American Ruby-spot Damselfly Coenagrionidae - Argia apicalis Blue-fronted Dancer Coenagrionidae - Argia apicalis Blue-fronted Dancer Coenagrionidae - Ischnura posita Fragile Forktail Damselfly Larva American Ruby-spot Damselfly Dragonfly larva - Hagenius brevistylus Dragonhunter Raptorial labium of Odonata larvae Raptorial labium of Odonata larvae Raptorial labium of Odonata larvae Labium of dragonfly larva Order Orthoptera • (Grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, cockroaches, walking sticks, praying mantids) • or-thop’ ter-a Gr. orthos, straight + pteron, wing • direct development Order Orthoptera (cont.) • medium to large sized • forewings leathery, hindwings membranous and folded fanwise, chewing mouthparts • wings lacking in many forms • terrestrial, many are herbivorous • 20,000 species Acrididae - Romalea microptera Southern Lubber Grasshopper Acrididae - Romalea microptera Southern Lubber Grasshopper Acrididae - Romalea microptera Southern Lubber Grasshopper (juvenile) Acrididae Band-winged Grasshopper Band-winged Grasshopper Acrididae Gryllidae - Phyllopalpus pulchellus Red-headed Bush Cricket Tettigoniidae - Microcentrum sp. Angular-winged Katydid Tettigoniidae - Microcentrum sp. Angular-winged Katydid Tettigoniidae Tympanum Meadow Grasshopper Tettigoniidae Tetrigidae. Pygmy Grasshopper Gryllotalpidae - Neocurtilla hexadactyla Mole Cricket Ant-loving Cricket Gryllidae - Myrmecophila pergandei Order Dermaptera - Earwigs • der-map’ ter-a Gr. derma, skin + pteron, wing • direct development • medium sized Order Dermaptera - Earwigs (cont.) • forewings hardened and short, hindwings membranous and folded under forewings, chewing mouthparts • cerci are like forceps • terrestrial, many are detritivores, some herbivores and carnivores • 1,100 species European Earwig Forficulidae - Forficula auricularia European Earwig Forficulidae - Forficula auricularia European Earwig Forficulidae - Forficula auricularia Order Plecoptera - Stoneflies • ple-kop’ ter-a Gr. plekein, to twist + pteron, wing • direct development • small to medium sized Order Plecoptera - Stoneflies (cont.) • adults - all wings membranous, hindwings larger • larvae - aquatic, filamentous gills mostly on thorax, 2 cerci • larvae benthic, freshwater, usually in cleaner streams • 1,500 species Peltoperlidae - Peltoperla sp. Perlodidae - Isoperla sp. Perlidae - Acroneuria sp. Order Isoptera - Termites • • • • eye-sop’ ter-a Gr. isos, equal + pteron, wing direct development small sized equal, membranous wings, thorax and abdomen broadly joined • wings lacking in workers, mature reproductives • terrestrial, social, feed on wood • 1,900 species The End. Chapter 20 Integrated Principles of Zoology Eleventh Edition Hickman/Roberts/Larson (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
