Download Physical Science - Central Lyon CSD

Physical Science Exam Review Guide
Exam Date: April 23 and 24, 2009
De Stigter
Name_____________
Period ____________
*Exam =’s 150 pts
Chapter 1 – Science Skills
*ERG =’s 10 pts if completed
1. Define Physical Science.
*Senteo’s will be used for exam
2. What branches of science are studied in physical science?
3. What is the SI System? What numeric value is it based on?
4. Why are students across the United States being taught the SI System? (2 or 3 reasons)
5. Convert the following within the SI System:
.25 meters  cm
3.45 dg  mg
10004 ml  kl
12.3 mm  m
A rectangular parking lot has a length of 2500 dm and a width of 18000 cm. What is the area of
the parking lot in meters squared?
7. A piece of gold has a mass of 34 grams and a volume of 5 cm3. What is the density of the piece
of gold?
6.
Chapter 11 – Motion
1. What is the difference between a vector and distance?
2. What is the formula for speed?
3. What are the 3 types of speed?
4. A jogger runs 4 km in 35 min. What is the speed of the jogger?
5. A bike has an average speed of 19 km/hr. If the biker travels 38 km how long will it take to get
their?
6. A car is traveling at a speed of 55 mph. If the car travels for 185 min, how far will it go?
7. How is velocity and speed different? How is it similar? Give an example for both.
8. Define acceleration. What is the formula for acceleration?
9. A car traveling at 10 m/s speeds up to 20 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?
10. A plane traveling at 300 mph decelerates to 200 mph when preparing to land at an airport. If the
deceleration takes 0.25 hours, what is the acceleration of the plane? (hint: can be negative)
Chapter 12 – Forces and Motion
1. Define a force and the label used with force? (Don’t let the apple fall on your head)
2. What are the two types of forces? Which one results in movement?
3. What is friction? What does friction always cause? (Think of rubbing your hands together)
4. What are the 4 types of friction? Which type of friction causes the least resistance on a moving
object?
5. Define Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion. Give an example for each law. Remember to give another
name for Newton’s 1st Law of Motion.
6. What is gravity? How does it affect us on earth? Is it good or bad? (give two reason for good
and bad)
7. What is the formula for Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion?
8. How much force is needed to accelerate a 70 kg rider and her 200 kg motorcycle at 4 m/s2?
9. What rate do all objects fall toward the earth? What slows objects down as they fall towards the
earth?
10. An astronaut on the moon has a mass of 88 kg. If the weight of the astronaut is 141 Newton’s,
what is the rate of gravity on the moon?
11. Define momentum and state its formula.
12. A rock has a mass of 300 kg and is falling at an average speed of 12.5 m/s. What is the
momentum of the rock?
Chapter 13 – Forces in Fluids
1. Define pressure and state its formula. What is the units used with pressure?
2. A box has a force of 2700 N over an area of 1.5 m2 touching the ground. What is the pressure of
the box on the ground? (put your answer in kPa)
3. Finish the statement…Water pressure ___________as depth increases. Water pressure
__________as depth decreases.
4. Finish the statement…As altitude _____________ air pressure decreases. As altitude
____________ air pressure increases.
5. A book with a weight of 12 N rests on its back cover. The back cover measures 21 cm by 28 cm,
what is the pressure the book exerts on the table?
6. Define Bernoulli’s Principle. What major type of transportation uses this law?
7. Define Archimedes’s Principle.
8. An object has a mass of 78 grams and a volume of 77 cm3. In water will this object float,
suspend, or sink?
Chapter 14 –Work, Power and Machines
1. Define work and state its formula. What unit is work measured in?
2. A machine exerts a force of 1200 J and moves a distance of 125 cm. What is the amount of
work done?
3. A student’s backpack weights 30 N. She lifts it from the floor to a shelf 1.5 meters high. How
much work has been done on the backpack?
4. Define power and state its formula. What unit is power measured in?
5. You exert a force of 72 N to lift a box to a height of 1.5 meters in a time of 2.3 seconds. How
much power did you use to lift the box?
6. Define a machine. What are they used for?
7. What is the difference between input and output?
8. Define mechanical advantage. What are the two formulas? (one is distance and the other is
force)
9. What is an “ideal” machine? Does one exist?
10. The MA of a simple machine is 2.5. If the output distance of the machine is 1.5 meters, what is
the input distance?
11. Define efficiency and state its formula. What range of numbers must efficiency fall into and
why?
12. A machine has an input force of 3000 J and an output force of 2400 J. What is the efficiency of
the machine?
13. List the six simple machines. Give a real world example for each simple machine.
14. A carpenter uses a claw hammer to pull a nail from a board. The nail has a resistance of 1200 N.
The carpenter uses 75 N of force. What is the mechanical advantage of the hammer?
15. How do you determine the mechanical advantage of a pulley system?
Chapter 15 - Energy
1. Define energy. What unit is energy measured in?
2. What are the two types of energy and write down their formulas.
3. A 0.10 kg duck is flying at a constant speed of 8.0 m/s. What is the duck’s kinetic energy?
4. A hunter below shoots the duck at a height of 29 meters. What is the duck’s potential energy
before it falls to the ground?
5. Another duck that has a mass of 0.10 kg is hit by the pellet spread of the hunter’s shotgun. This
duck has a potential energy of 30 J. What was the height of this duck as it flew in the air?
6. What is the purpose of alternative energy? List 3 different types of alternative energy.
7. What is energy problem will your generation have to fix?