Download Elbow Injury note sheet

Elbow Injuries
 FYI


Functions with any ______________ extremity movement.
Prone to ______________ and _______________ injuries because it is the sight of many
muscle ___________________________.
 Anatomy
 ___________________ joint
 3 major bones: ________________, _____________________, __________________.
 Ulna is __________________ to the end of the humerus and forms a _____________
joint.
 Radius is on the ______________ side of the _____________________.
○ Able to _________________, causing ________________ and ______________
of the forearm.
 Ligaments
 Joint _____________________ (a ligament) _________________ the elbow and gives
some general ____________________ to the joint.
 Other primary ligaments that provide stability:
○ _______________ collateral-stabilize the ____________________ aspect
○ ___________________ collateral-stabilize the ____________________aspect
○ ________________ collateral-helps _____________ the radius and ulna
___________________ near the elbow joint
 ________________________ membrane-tissue that __________ the
radius and ulna from the elbow to wrist and ___________ the two
bones from _____________________.
 Muscles
 ____________________-primarily performs elbow ____________________.
 ____________________-primarily performs elbow ____________________.
 Wrist _____________________-attach to the ___________________ epicondyle of
humerus
 Wrist _____________________-attach to the ___________________ epicondyle of
humerus
**________________________-rounded articular area.
**both muscles help stabilize the elbow.
 Preventing Elbow Injuries
 Not a __________________injured joint.
 Most _________________ seen at the elbow joint are _________________ by
________________.

Most athletes pay more ____________________ to strengthening the
_______________ and ____________________, and they _____________to properly
__________________ some of the ________________ muscles of the wrist (vital to
preventing overuse injuries).
 Ligament Injuries
 Sprains classified as _____________, __________________, or _______________
degree.
 ___________________ collateral seem to be more _________________ to sprains than
the other ligaments
 Especially in athletes who ________________, due to the amount of
___________placed on the _______________aspect of the elbow.
 Valgus Stress
 Forcing the ___________________ aspect of the joint to _________________ or spread
apart as the ___________________ moves _____________________
 Characterized by ____________________elbow pain and _____________________.
 Joint ___________________ may be present.
 Treated using _____________________
 Rehab: strengthening the wrist ______________________
 Radial Collateral Injuries
 Very _________________
 Same characteristics of _______________ collateral injuries except the pain and
swelling would be on the ________________ side.
 Rehab: strengthening the wrist ___________________
 Muscle and Tendon Injuries
 Strains often caused by either _________________ resistive forces or
________________.
 Can occur to elbow ___________________ or __________________, as well as to the
___________________ flexors and wrist extensors
 Elbow Flexor Strain
 Often caused by a _________________ movement that includes the _____________
and _____________________ together.
 “two-joint muscles” are very prone to strains.
 Muscles involved with __________________ movement at more than
___________joint
 Ex. Biceps-flexes elbow and shoulder
 Degrees of a Flexor Strain
 _____________________-characterized by ________________ at the ____________
aspect of the elbow and ____________________ swelling. Some ______________
when elbow flexion is ___________________.
 Moderate-mild to moderate amounts of ____________________ and marked
______________.
**treated with __________________
 Complete _______________ needs to be referred to team _________________

Elbow Extensor Strain
 Excessive __________________ to the _______________ muscle will often cause tissue
damage to the elbow extensors.
 Needs to be _________________ carefully because the ________________ tendon can
often pull a bit of bone away from the ________________.
 Characteristics are the ________________ as a flexor strain except the ___________ will be
at the ____________________ aspect.
 Treatment: ______________

Wrist Flexor Strains
 Caused by ___________________ resistance during wrist ______________ movements or
from __________________.
 Result in _____________ over the medial ________________ of the humerus or the
_____________ of the forearm.
 Treated with ________________ and activity should be _________________.

Wrist Extensor Strains
 Caused by excessive ___________________ during wrist _________________ movements
or _________________
 Result in pain over the ________________ epicondyle of the humerus.
 Treated with __________________ and activity should be modified.

Lateral Epicondylitis
 Caused by ______________ mechanics and __________________use over a long period of
time.
 ____________________ sports are the most common cause
 Aka ________________________
 Characterized by _____________ over the ______________ epicondyle of the humerus and
minimal ______________________.
 Treatment: __________________, a ____________________, and _________________
activity

Medial Epicondylitis
 Not as _________________ as lateral epicondylitis.
 Often a result of _________________ throwing.
 Aka “_________________________”
 Treatment: ___________________ and limiting _____________________.

Bone Injuries
 Fractures to the ________________ end of the humerus are not __________________.
 If they do occur, it is often _____________ to a very ____________________mechanism
 Ex. Hand being planted on the ground and someone forcing the arm into excessive
side bending.
 ATC must consider __________ type of elbow ________________ an __________________
because they can result in ____________________ of an __________________ or nerve

Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures
 More ________________ on the ________________ eipcondyle or olecranon aspect
 ______________________-process of the ulna projecting behind the elbow joint.
 Epiphyseal injury ____________________ whenever there is ________________, pain, and
loss of movement.
 _____________________ pain and ______________________ indicate an avulsion fracture.
 Either injury should be _____________________ to a team physician

Ulna Dislocation
 Elbow is one of the _________________ commonly dislocated _______________ in the
body.
 Takes a very ______________________ injury to dislocate the ulna from the humerus.
 Violent hyperextension or a severe blow to the lateral aspect of the elbow
 Obvious ____________________
 Should be ____________________ splinted in the __________________ in which it is found
 Needs to be ____________________ by a physician

Olecranon Bursitis
 Happens when the olecranon process is ___________________.
 Olecranon bursa becomes ____________________.
 Causes a lot of _________________ to build up at the “tip” of the elbow
 Rarely disabling, but build up can become the size of a ________________ ball.
 Treatment: _____________________ wrap or may need to be __________________.
 __________________ may need to be applied to _________________ the elbow from
further bruising.