Download Salivary Gland =D

Salivary Gland =D
Bailie Van Leuven
Focus!
• What are the different types of salivary
glands?
• What does saliva do?
Where is it?
• In the mouth =D
Sublingual gland
Parotid Gland
Submandibular Gland
Anatomy & Physiology
The Salivary glands are situated at the entrance of the gastrointestinal system.
• Parotid Glands
• Largest of the glands
• Located in the subcutaneous tissues of the face overlying the mandibular ramus and anterior and
inferior to the external ear.
• Only about 25% of saliva is produced here.
• Secretes a serous substance.
• enters the oral cavity through the Stensen's duct after passing through the intercalated ducts
• Submandibular Glands
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Much smaller than the Parotid Glands
Located beneath the floor of the mouth, superior to the digastric muscles.
70% of Saliva is produced
Secretion is a mixture of serous and mucus.
Enters oral cavity through the Whartons duct.
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• Sublingual Glands
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Located beneath the floor of the mouth anterior to the submandibular glands
The secretion is mainly mucous.
They are drained by 8-20 excretory ducts called the ducts of Rivinus.
Produces 5% of the saliva.
• Minor Salivary Glands
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Over 600 minor glands located in the oral cavity.
Secretion is mainly mucous
Coats the oral cavity in saliva.
• Von Ebner’s Glands
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found in circumvallate papillae of the tongue
Secretes a serous fluid that begins liquid hydrosis/ essential to taste
Sjögren's Syndrome D=
• What is it?
– It’s an autoimmune disorder where immune cells attack and destroy the
exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva.
– 9 out of 10 patients are women & usually begins in the late 40’s.
– Second most common autoimmune rheumatic disease.
Signs & Symptoms
• Associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
• Dry mouth and eyes.
• Dryness of the skin and nose
• May affect other organs, such as kidneys, blood vessels, lungs, liver,
pancreas, and brain.
• Lacrimal function declines
Diagnoses Process
• Blood tests can be done to determine if a patient has high levels of
antibodies that are indicative of the condition, such as anti-nuclear antibody
(ANA) and rheumatoid factor (because SS frequently occurs secondary to
rheumatoid arthritis)
• Lip biopsy to search for lymphocytes clustered around the salivary glands.
• A contrast agent is injected into the parotid duct. Widespread puddling of
the injected contrast scattered throughout the gland indicates Sjögren's
syndrome
Treatments
• There is not permanent cure for SS.
• Can cure symptoms through:
• moisture replacement therapies
• Perscription drugs used to stimulate salivary flow
• Prevantative Dental Treatment (flouride, teeth cleanings,
Factoids
• Most animals have salivary glands resembling humans.
• Ducts carry the secretions of the salivary glands into the mouth
cavity
• Saliva helps to keep the mouth moist, softens the food, and
converts starch to sugar, which initiates the process of
digestion
• The flow of saliva is stimulated by the presence of food in
your mouth.
• Salivary Glands secrete
amylase.
• Amylase breaks down
starch into glucose
• In insects, salivary
glands also produce
proteins like silk, and
glues.
Works Cited
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gre
n's_syndrome
• http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/salivary
_glands.aspx