Download January 6th, 2017 - Spokane Public Schools

Vocab Quiz!
▪ CRAM TIME
▪ Be prepared to DEFINE and MATCH
DUE NOW:
▪ Leader FB Page
▪ Opener/Closure Sheet
January 6th, 2017
Learning Target: I will be able to illustrate the events that led up to the
beginning of WWII so that I can understand what led to the conflict
Literacy Target: To gain general knowledge and content specific expertise
Opener:
With a partner, review what we learned in November about the Treaty of
Versailles…
1. Why was the Treaty of Versailles written?
2. What did it do to Germans?
3. How did it make Germans feel?
The Task
▪ Lecture
▪ Timeline notes
– 8 blank dates
▪ Fill in what happened in that date
▪ Hint: dates will be marked like this  2017
The Task (continued)
▪ 1 blank focus (Hitler)
▪ Fill in background, rise to power, and Hitler’s Germany
The Task (continued)
▪ “Meanwhile in…”
▪ Basic Cornell notes from slides
***Warning: Some slides will have BOTH a date and a “meanwhile in…”
Focus: Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
▪ Soldier in WWI (wounded but decorated)
▪ Unemployed after the war because of the Treaty of Versailles
▪ Failed admittance into art school
▪ Family struggled after the war
But……
▪ Was Time Magazine’s Man of the Year in 1938
▪ Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1939
▪ Spearheaded the development of the Volkswagen (“The People’s Car”)
Hitler’s rise to power
▪ 1919 Joined the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (German Workers’ Party)
– 1920 Renamed the National Socialist German Workers’ Party
– Commonly referred to as the Nazi party
– Against any social equity, mainly interested in German ethnic solidarity
▪ Opposed to the post-WWI Government (the Weimar Republic) and
the Treaty of Versailles
▪ Extreme nationalist and anti-Semitist
▪ 1923 Nazi party unsuccessfully tries to take over the Weimar Republic
Hitler’s Rise to Power (continued)
▪ 1932 Hitler loses the presidential election to Paul von Hindenburg
▪ 1933 President Paul von Hindenburg makes Hitler Chancellor of Germany
– Previously a fairly weak position, really just a chairman
– Hitler changed this, giving himself more power
▪ 1933 The German Parliament (The Reichstag) passes the Enabling Act
– Effectively made Hitler a dictator by giving him unchecked authority
▪ 1934 President von Hindenburg dies and Hitler makes himself Führer (“leader”)
– Becomes Head of State AND Chancellor
Hitler’s Germany (1933-1945)
▪ Transforms from a Republic to a Fascist Dictatorship
▪ Hitler’s word was above all laws
▪ Restored economic stability, ended mass unemployment
– Developed the Volkswagen
– Public works (ex: the Autobahnen)
▪ Anti-Semitic
▪ Opposition (militarily, religiously, etc.) was suppressed
– The SS
▪ Education focused on Racial Biology
Meanwhile in the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics (the USS…aka Russia)…
▪ 1924 Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) replaces him as head of the
Communist Party
– Stalin= “Man of Steel”
– Cruel, suspicious, ruthless and tyrannical
▪ Attempted to industrialize the USSR
– Resulted in 10 million deaths
▪ The Great Terror (1930s)
– Purged the Communist Party of real or suspected traitors
– Killed or imprisoned up ~1 mill people
Meanwhile in Italy…
▪ Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) founded the Fascist party in 1919
▪ 1922 Italian King Victor Emmanuel III asked Mussolini to form a
government because he feared a revolution
▪ Mussolini consolidated power to make himself the law
– Called himself Il Duce (“the leader”)
– Controlled the entire government and the whole military
– But the King still technically “ruled”…
▪ Never as powerful as Stalin
▪ Wanted to obtain the Adriatic Coast…
Meanwhile in Japan…
▪ 1920s had been peaceful and progressive
– Ended in 1930s
▪ Military leaders took over when the economy collapsed
– Believed that expansion would solve their problems
–1931 Attacks Manchuria (NE China) and sets up a puppet state called
Manchukuo
– Continued to move against China
▪ BUT no totalitarian dictatorship emerged
– Continued to operate as a constitutional monarchy under Emperor Hirohito (19011989)
Alliances begin to form
▪ 1936, October 25–November 1
Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treaty of cooperation on
October 25; on November 1, the Rome-Berlin Axis is announced.
▪ 1936, November 25
Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact,
directed against the Soviet Union and the international Communist
movement
Invasions
1935
▪ Hitler reclaims the Saar region from the French
▪ Mussolini invades Ethiopia
– Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie appeals to the League of Nations, who do nothing
(no power)
▪ 1936 Hitler sends troops into the Rhineland
– The League of Nations does nothing (no military)
▪ 1938 Hitler incorporated Austria , then goes after Sudetenland
▪ 1936-1939 The Spanish Civil War
– The fascist Nationalist Party takes over Spain; Hitler and Mussolini support them
Appeasement
▪ Britain, France, the US get concerned about Hitler’s aggression
▪ 1938 The Munich Agreement
– Made Czechoslovakia an official territory and gave it to Hitler if he agreed to stop
using military force  appeasement
– Hitler agreed!
▪ Why appeasement?
– A last attempt to avoid another World War and to maintain peace
▪ Didn’t work….
End of Appeasement
11 months after the Munich Pact was signed….
September 1, 1939
Germany invades Poland via Blitzkrieg
World War II is considered to officially have begun on this day.
Fall into War--Alliances
Great
Britain
Germany
France
The US
(1941)
Allied
Powers
Axis
Powers
Italy
USSR
(1941)
China
Japan
Closure
▪ Think ahead: How might alliances be helpful? How might they be
hurtful?
▪ Self Reflection (1-4)
▪ “Today I Learned…”