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Transcript
Ancient Greek Drama Background Information Athens In 500 BC, Athens was the center of Drama Drama was a ritual that honored Dionysus, the god of grapevines and wine Birth of Drama Began over 2000 years ago Drama was a ritual that honored Dionysus, the god of grapevines and wine. 3 Main Components of Early Greek Theatre Orchestra- where the chorus of 1215 sang and danced Theatron- semicircular seating area Skene- structure representing the palace Performers All performers wore masks Types of Drama Theatres were places of competition between playwrights. Dithyramb Tragedy Comedy Satyrs Satyr plays were farcical and sometimes grotesque Greek Chorus Serves narrative purpose (exposition) Serves interpretive purpose (explains recent action) Serves dramatic purpose (they are the audience on the stage reacting to the drama) Once the theatre became professional, the chorus was eliminated. Greek Values Remember, this is before Christianity Know Thyself Destiny determined by Fate Nothing in Excess The unexamined life is not worth living The Olympics Greeks believed in celebrating mind and body to the fullest Early sports were running races (the marathon commemorates a 26 mile run made by a military messenger during battle), wrestling, javelin, and discus Historical Background Ancient Greece is comprised of several “citystates” (Athens, Thebes, Corinth, Sparta, Crete) Athens= the birthplace of democracy and naval power Sparta= military dictatorship (provided army in wars in Persia) In 404 BCE Spartan troops marched into Athens and ripped down city walls and establish military rule- the Golden Age was dead Some of the oldest and best known Greek myths are centered around the city of Thebes. Philosophers Philosophy= Love of thought Socrates- Teacher of Platonever wrote anything down. Believed in the search for truth through questioning. Thought easy answers were usually wrong. Forced to drink Hemlock in 399 BCE for corrupting the youth of Athens. Philosophers Plato- Transcribed Socratic dialogues. He was the teacher of Aristotle. Aristotle- Wrote Poetics where he defined tragedy (using Oedipus). He was the teacher of Alexander the Great. Tragedy tragic flaw fate recognition reversal of fortune reversal catharsis Greek Drama 5th Century BCE, Athens is the center of drama, philosophy, and education (gymnasium) Rituals and festival to honor Dionysus (the god of wine) The decline of Greek myth and the loss of Greek freedom set the stage for rise of comedy which dominated the following era.