Download Sparta and Athens

SPARTA AND ATHENS
• Entry Task
• Scrap piece of
paper
• Would you rather
live in a society
• dominated by the
military
• Focused on athletics
and education
Why?
What’s the big idea?
The two most powerful city-states in Greece, Sparta and Athens,
had very different cultures and became bitter enemies.
SPARTANS AND THE MILITARY
• Spartan society
was dominated by
the military.
• The Spartans
believed that
military power
provided security
and protection.
Spartan society was started by Lycurgus (ly-KUHR-guhs after
a slave revolt.
BOYS AND MEN IN SPARTA
• When a boy was
born, the
government took
him away.
• If the boy was
unhealthy, the baby
was taken outside
the city and left.
• Healthy boys were
trained to be
soldiers.
How was Spartan society different than American
society in regards to theft?
BOYS AND MEN IN SPARTA
• Boys trained by
running, jumping,
swimming, and
throwing javelins.
• They weren’t given
shoes and weren’t
given warm
clothing during the
winter.
Boys weren’t given enough food to survive. They would be encouraged
to steal their food. If they were caught, they would be whipped.
Spartans didn’t have furniture or eat nice food.
BOYS AND MEN IN SPARTA
• Spartan soldiers
lived together in
barracks and
barely visited
family from 20-30.
• They stayed in the
army until age 60.
• They believed that
having luxuries
made them weak.
Even their
enemies
admired their
discipline.
THE LIFE OF A SPARTAN
SOLDIER
Ages 7-12 : Values Training
Where would you
be if you were
a Spartan male?
Boys left home and got a
basic education.
Ages 12-18 : Physical Training
Boys built physical skills through exercise.
Ages 18-20 : Military Training
Men learned how to fight as a part of an army.
THE LIFE OF A SPARTAN SOLDIER
Ages 20-30 : Military Service
Soldiers formed the body of the Spartan Army
Age 30 : Full citizenship
Soldiers could participate in the assembly and
move back home.
GIRLS AND WOMEN IN SPARTA
• Women had more
power in Sparta.
• They owned land
and ran households
while men were at
war.
• Women didn’t do
jobs that other
Greek women did,
like weave clothing,
but left them for
slaves.
Spartan women also trained physically. They
believed that with strong mothers, children would
healthier.
Helots grew
all the crops.
SPARTAN GOVERNMENT
• Spartan government
was set up to control
the city’s helots (HELuts), or slaves.
• Helots lived horrible
lives and worked very
hard.
• Helots outnumbered
Spartans, but fear of
the army kept them
from rebelling.
Sparta was ruled by two kings
who had very little power.
ATHENS AND THE ATHENIANS
• Athens was
Sparta’s main rival.
• In addition to
physical training,
the Athenians
valued education,
clear thinking, and
the arts.
BOYS AND MEN IN ATHENS
Unlike Spartans,
Athenians learned
to read, count, and
sing. They also
studied the Iliad
and the Odyssey.
• From a young
age, boys from
rich families
improved both
body and mind.
• They trained but
only had to
devote two years
to the army, not all
their
lives.
Athenian men defended their city from age 18-20. Older men only served in time
of war.
BOYS AND MEN IN ATHENS
• Rich boys in Athens
hired tutors and
studied philosophy,
geometry, and
astronomy.
• They also learned to
speak in public,
which helped them
later to participate
in government.
Many boys weren’t wealthy enough to visit tutors but
worked as farmers or craftspeople for rich Athenians.
GIRLS AND WOMEN IN ATHENS
Disobey
men
NO
Rights!
Serve
government
Athenian women
could not:
Leave
their
homes
Buy/own
anything
• Girls received
almost no
education.
• Some learned to
read and write from
private tutors, but
most learned
household tasks.
• Women in Athens
had almost no rights
at all.
ALLIANCES FORM
• City-states formed
alliances with others to
make their military goals
easier.
• Many cities in southern
Greece, including
Sparta, banded
together, forming the
Peloponnesian League.
• This league wanted to
stop Athens from
growing stronger.
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
• The Peloponnesian
War began when
Sparta marched into
Athens.
• Sparta waited for
Athens to come out
and fight, but they
did not.
• Athen’s navy sent
food so Athenians
could survive without
leaving the city-state.
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
• Athen’s allies also
attacked Spartan allies,
making it so some
Spartan soldiers had to
leave Athens to protect
the allies.
• Disease swept through
Athens, killing many.
• Neither city-state could
gain the upper-hand.
• Eventually they came
to a truce.