Download Somatic and autonomic plexuses of abdominopelvic cavity

Somatic and autonomic plexuses
of abdominopelvic cavity
Lymphatic drainage of GI
tract
Lymph from viscera enters
pre-aortic lymph nodes:
- Foregut:
celiac nodes
- Midgut:
superior mesenteric nodes
- Hindgut:
inferior mesenteric nodes

Nervous system: Divisions

Structural
 Central nervous system
- Brain
- Spinal cord
 Peripheral nervous system
- Spinal nerves (components
? & numbers?)
- Cranial nerves (…? …?)
- Autonomic nerves (…?
…?)

Functional
 Somatic
- Spinal nerves
Nuclei & fibers?
- Cranial nerves
Nuclei & fibers?
 Autonomic
- Sympathetic
Nuclei & fibers?
- Parasympathetic
Nuclei & fibers?
Autonomic plexuses of abdominopelvic cavity
Contains
- Sympathetic fibers
Nuclei; spinal cord lateral horn
T1- L2
Fibers: from sympathetic chain
- Parasympathetic fibers
Nuclei; vagal nucleus, spinal cord
lateral horn S2-4
Fibers: from vagus and pelvic
splanchnic nerves
- Visceral sensory

Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
Sympathetic functions
Inhibitor of GI contraction
Motor of sphincter
Vasoconstrictor (in viscera)
Vasodilator (in muscles)
Bronchodilator
Secretomotor
Erector pilorum
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

Parasympathetic Functions
Motor to GI tract
- Inhibitor of GI sphincters
- Secretomotor
- Motor to urinary bladder & rectum
- Vasodilator to the arteries of:
Penis & clitoris
Testes & ovaries
Uterus & its tubes
-
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

Includes
Ganglia
- Nerves
-
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Ganglia
• Parasympathetic
- Over the viscera
• Sympathetic
- Sympathetic chain
- Celiac
- Aorticorenal
- Superior mesenteric
- Inferior mesenteric
 Pre & post ganglionic fibers

Sympathetic chain ganglia
Cervical 3
 Thoracic 11
 Lumbar 4
 Sacral 4
 Impar 1

Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Sympathetic nerves
Greater splanchnic
From thoracic ganglia 5-9
(10)
- To celiac ganglion
• Lesser splanchnic
- From thoracic ganglia 9-10
(11)
- To aorticorenal ganglion
• Lowest splanchnic
- From thoracic ganglion 11
- To renal plexus

•
-
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

•
-
•
•
-
Sympathetic nerves
Lumbar splanchnic
From lumbar ganglia 1st & 2nd
To celiac, renal & aortic plexuses
Lumbar splanchnic
From lumbar ganglia 3rd & 4Th
To superior hypogastric plexus
Sacral splanchnic
From sacral ganglia
To inferior hypogastric plexus
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

•
•
Parasympathetic nerves
Vagus nerves
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
-
Celiac plexus
Largest autonomic plexus
Around celiac trunk
Has two celiac ganglia
Received fibers from: both
greater & lesser splanchnic
of two sides, both vagi &
phrenic nerve
Extend as neumerous
secondary plexuses
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
-
Lower part named
aorticorenal ganglion
Receive lesser splanchnic
nerve
Forms renal plexus
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
Secondary plexuses
Phrenic
Hepatic
Splenic
Left gastric
Suprarenal
Renal
Ureteric plexus
Aortic
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
-
Secondary plexuses
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Superior hypogastric plexus
Inferior (pelvic ) hypogastric
Superior & Middle rectal
plexuses
Inferior rectal nerve
Vesical plexus
Prostatic plexus
Urogenital plexus
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
Phrenic plexus
Receive phrenic N.
To : IVC & Suprarenal gland
Autonomic plexus of abdomen

-
Hepatic plexus
Receive fibers from vagi & rt. Phrenic
Accompanies hepatic art. & portal V.
To: liver ,gall bladder, bile duct, Pylorus, 1st
duodenum , stomach, 2nd duodenum & pancreas
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Lt. Gastric plexus
- Receive gastric branch of vagus
- To stomach
- Sympathetic :
 Motor pyloric sphincter
 Inhibitor to gastric musculature
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Splenic plexus
 Formed by :
- Celiac plexus
- Rt. Vagus
- Perhaps wholly sympathetic to VV & capsule
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Suprarenal plexus
 Formed by:
- Celiac plexus
- Greater splanchnic
- Contains pre & postganglionic fibers
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Renal plexus
 Formed by:
- Celiac plex.
- Aorticorenal ganglion
- Lowest splanchnic nerve
- Aortic plex.
- To : vessels, Tubules ,
Glomeruls
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Uretric plexus
 Formed by:
- Renal plex.
- Aortic plex.
- Hypogastric plex.
- Motor fibers
 Sympathetic:
vasomotor
 Parasympathetic:
vasodilator
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Superior mesenteric plexus
 Formed by :
- Celiac & Rt. Vagus
- Has a ganglion
 Sympathetic
- Motor to iliocecal valve
Inhibitor to musculature
- Vasoconstrictor
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Aortic (intermesenteric)
plexus
 Formed by:
- Celiac plexus
- Lumbar splanchnic
- Connect to sup.
Mesenteric
- To :IVC
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Inferior mesenteric
 Formed by:
- Aortic plexus
- 2nd lumbar splanchnic
- Pelvic splanchnic
- Has inf. mesenteric
ganglion
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Superior hypogastric plexus
Anterior & around to the aortic
bifurcation
 Formed by:
- Aortic plexus
- 3th & 4th lumbar splanchnic
- pelvic splanchnic
 divides into RT.& LT.
 Supplies
- Uretric plexus
- Testicular plexus
- Ovarian plexus
- Common iliac plexus

Pelvic autonomic plexus
Inferior (pelvic )
hypogastric
 Formed by:
- Rt. & LT. Hypogastric
- Thoracic splanchnic?
- Lumbar splanchnic
Pelvic splanchnic
- Sacral splanchnic
-
Pelvic autonomic plexus
Superior & Middle rectal
plexuses.
Inferior rectal nerve
 Sympathetic
- Motor to anal sphincter
- Inhibitor to musculature
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Vesical plexus
- To bladder , seminal
vesicle & ductus deferense
- Parasympathetic
 Motor to musculature
 Inhibitor to sphincter
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Prostatic plexus
 To prostate, Seminal
vesicle, Urethra,
Corpora spongiosum
& cavernosum
Autonomic plexus of abdomen
Urogenital plexus
- To vagina, Uterus, Uterine tube
- Sympathetic
 Vasoconstrictor
 Motor to musculature
- Parasympathetic
 Vasodilator
 Inhibitor musculature
Lumbar plexus
Spinal nerve has:
- Dorsal (sensory) root
- Ventral (motor) root
- Gray communicating
- White communicating
(T1-L2)
 Spinal nerve divides into:
- Anterior & posterior
branches

Lumbar plexus

-
There are 31 pair of spinal nerves
Cervical 8
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacral 5
Coccygeal 1
Lumbar plexus


-
Formed by T12-L4
Branches
Iliohypogastric L1
Ilioinguinal L1
Genitofemoral
L1&L2
Lateral femoral
cutaneous nerve
L2&3
Lumbar plexus

-
Branches
Femoral L2- 4
Obturator L2- 4
Accessory obturator
L3& 4
Lumbosacral trunk
(L4- L5)
Sacral and coccygeal
plexuses


-
Sacral plexus
Formed by L4-S4
Coccygeal plexus
Formed by S4- Co