Download Diapositiva 1 - CCB - G8 Individuals and Societies

Age of
Exploration
The Age of Exploration or Age of
Discovery as it is sometimes
called, officially began in the early
15th century and lasted until the
17th century.
Bazaar in Instanbul (Constantinople)
Known world before the Age of Exploration
The period is characterized as a time when
Europeans began exploring the world by sea
in search of trading partners, new goods, and
new trade routes.
In addition, some explorers set sail to simply
learn more about the world. Whatever their
reasons though, the information gained during
the Age of Exploration significantly helped in
the advancement of geographic knowledge.
It was now possible to cross oceans
Reasons for Exploration
Explorers had a
desire to explore
the unknown and
discover new
knowledge.
To spread
Christianity.
One of the biggest
reasons for
exploration was
the desire to find a
new route for the
spice and silk
trades.
Many
governments
were looking
for goods such
as silver and
gold.
When the Ottoman Empire took
control of Constantinople in 1453, it
blocked European access to the area,
severely limiting trade. In addition, it
also blocked access to North Africa
and the Red Sea -- two very important
trade routes to the Far East.
Constantinople
The Italian Renaissance
cities controlled the
trade from east to west.
They bought goods from
Muslim traders and sold
them at much higher
prices in the rest of
Europe.
Florence
The other
nationalities
wanted to find
routes that
avoided having to
pay these high
prices to the
Italians.
Italian Trading Port
Prince Henry the Navigator from Portugal was one of the first
explorers of the time. He paid for expeditions, set up a
school for sailors and employed cartographers (map-makers)
although he didn’t travel much himself.
Henry the Navigatior
New technology such as
astrolabes allowed
explorers to sail out of sight
of land without getting lost.
This meant they could go
greater distances.
astrolabe
Using this form of navigation, the Portuguese sailed
out of sight of land and discovered the Madeira
Islands in 1419 and the Azores in 1427.
First Portuguese trading port in Africa Elmina
Sahara
The main goal for the Portuguese voyages though
was to discover a trade route to West Africa without
having to go through the Sahara Desert.
The Caravel
The Europeans designed
better ships called
caravels which allowed
navigators to sail more
easily against the wind.
They used triangular sails
that were copied from
Arab designs.
There were many explorers during the Age of
Discovery, one of the most famous being
Christopher Columbus.
His voyages started as an attempt to find a
trade route to Asia by sailing west. Instead, he
reached America in 1492 and claimed the land
for Spain.
Shortly thereafter, the
Portuguese explorer
Pedro Alvares Cabral
explored Brazil, setting
off a conflict between
Spain and Portugal in
terms of the newly
claimed lands.
As a result, the Treaty of Tordesillas officially divided
the world in half in 1494.
The Age of Exploration ended in the early 17th century although
exploration continued for many years after that as there were still
many parts of the world that were unknown to Europeans.
Methods of navigation and
mapping also improved as a result
of exploration.
Explorers were able to
bring knowledge of a
larger world back to
Europe. In addition to
just learning about the
presence of the lands
themselves, these
explorations often
brought various new
species (important to
biogeography) and new
cultures of people to
light.
Information taken from About.com Geography
Age of Exploration
http://geography.about.com/od/historyofgeography/a/ageexploration.htm
Pictures taken from many different sources and
Felicity is far too tired to list them!