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Implementing the
Global Information Grid (GIG)
A Foundation For 2010
Net Centric Warfare (NCW)
18 May 2004
Frank Criste
Director, Communications Programs
OASD(NII) - DASD(C3, Space & IT Programs)
703-607-0270
Global Information Grid (GIG)
NAVIGATION
GEO-POSITIONING
• Robust
• Distributed
• Inexpensive
LOGISTICS SUPPORT
• Just Enough
• Just In Time
• Fully Visible
INFORMATION
OPERATIONS
• Defensive IW
• Offensive IW
• Assurance
SURVEILLANCE
• Continuous
• Global
• High Resolution Imagery
• Day/Night/All Weather
INTEGRATED
INFORMATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
• Information Services and
transport
• Service Agents
• Intelligent, integrated
communication intranetwork
• Adaptive, dynamic resource
management
• Secure
WEAPONS
• Remote/Local
• Accurate
• Responsive
• Inexpensive
COMMAND AND CONTROL
FORCE ENHANCEMENT
• Mobile
• Lethal
• Sustainable
• Flexible
• Commanders Internet
• Situation Monitoring
• Planning and Replanning
GIG: A Conceptual View
Entities
(Objects)
Applications
People
Net-Centric
Enterprise Services
Distributed Computational
Resources
Force
Structures
Logistics
Platforms
Intranetworked
Information Transport
Robots
Weapons
Sensor
Platforms
Weapon
Platforms
Sensors
• Entities
- Sources and users of information
- Diversity of information needs
- Type, quantity, timeliness
- Change as a function of
mission & situation
• Information infrastructure (II) functional
decomposition
- Layer concept. Each layer:
- Provides services to layer
above
- Receives services from
layers below
- Dynamically adapts to meet
information needs of entities
- Tightly coupled to each other
to permit adaptation as an
integrated system
Power to the Edge
Emerging Network Centric
Capabilities Enabled by the GIG
• Improve collaboration and carry out surveillance, reconnaissance,
and targeting at all levels of command
• Improve decision support to decrease C2 decision cycle times
– Smaller, highly mobile forces
– Command and Control on the Move (COTM)
• Facilitate rapid force deployment and flexible unit composition
• Facilitate Machine to Machine communication “behind the
dashboard integration”
• Move beyond Situational Awareness to “Situational Understanding”
• “Eliminate the human intermediary as a conduit of information”
(target coordinates, tasking, etc.)
• Eliminate the ‘seams’ between operational stages, multi-national
forces, and decision makers
• Improve timeliness of Sensor cueing and cooperative engagements
(i.e. mid-course weapon updates from remote sensors)
Internetwork Layer
Terrestrial
Wireless
Space
Telecomm
Fiber
Cable
Data
Internet Protocol (IP)
Copper
Cable
Transport Media
Video
Telephony
Services
Services
and
Information Types
Multimedia
Services
GIG: IP Based
...
The convergence layer!
Facilitate Interoperability
• World-wide
acceptance and use
• Packet-switched
Internet transport
• Provides commonuser, integrated
services framework
• Provides
standardized
interface between
Application and
Transport Services
• Used over many
network-level
protocols
(Ethernet, ATM,
WAP…)
Features of IP Networking
GIG: Network of Networks
• Basic IP is a connectionless network
• IP Networking makes it easier to scale
– Services and applications not tightly integrated with
network infrastructure
• Keeps complexity out of network core
• Allows fast creation of new services
– Designed for information sharing
• Allows for autonomous decisions by network nodes
in processing each packet
– Packets carry globally meaningful addresses
– Distributed processing throughout the network
• Provides for redundancy, improves scalability
GIG: Transport Layer
R
Tier 4
Global
Coverage
GEOS
R
Wide-Area
Network
R
AAVs
R = Internet Router
or JTRS WNW
R
Ground
Based
Medium-Area
Network
R
R
JTRS
Tier 1
Team
Coverage
Global-Area
Network
R
Tier 3
LEOS
Wide Area
Coverage
Aircraft
Tier 2
Inter-Team
Coverage
R
R
R
Local Area
Network
R
R
Radio
R
R
Land Line (wire or fiber)
JTRS
GIG-BE
TCS
R
People
Weapons
Sensors
GIG-BE
D
W
D
M
ODXC
Build The Net
R
UGS
Key Net-Centric Initiatives Roadmap
FY04
FY 05
FY 06
FY07
FY08
Policy & Architecture Guidance
UCS Directive
Arch/NCOW Reference Model
Joint Tactical Radio System
Provides IP-based, self-managed,
BLOS, mobile data and voice
communications services
Software Communications Architecture
Optical Mesh IP Network
Optical Bandwidth to
STEP and Teleport sites
Provides ubiquitous, secure, robust
optical IP foundation network
IOC
TCA SATCOM
Horizontal Fusion Portfolio
Means/tools to enable the smart pull
and fusion of data by users
Integrated GIG Network
FOC
2
3
4
TSAT (CY11 Launch)
Wideband Gapfiller
Optical Bandwidth Support for
Additional Global Hawk UAVs
Reachback Capabilities Wideband Networking
for Deployed Forces
for UAVs and Other ISR
Core Enterprise Services (9) + Application Program Interfaces
Block 2 (All CESs) in 3 Spirals
Block 1 (All CESs) in 3 Spirals
- Enterprise Systems Management
- Messaging
- Discovery
- Mediation
- Collaboration
- User Assist
- IA/Security
- Storage Services - Application
Defense in Depth
Information Assurance Programs
Enables trusted computer, networking,
and data services to all GIG users
Optical Bandwidth
to Ground Sites
IPV6
1
Incorporates mobile/tactical users and Optical IP Networking for
Joint Operations
global intelligence via optical cross
Centers and ISR locations
links and EHF IP links
Provides information and data
services to all GIG users
IPV6 Implementation Completed (Goal)
UCS Implementation
Cluster 1 Vehicular & Army Rotary Wing
IOC Cluster 1
Cluster 2 Handheld
IOC Cluster 2
Cluster AMF (Airborne, Maritime & Fixed Station)
IOC Cluster AMF small
IOC Cluster AMF large
Cluster 5 Small form fit
IOC Cluster 5 Handheld/manpack ? (Spiral 1)
IOC Cluster 5 other form fits ? (Spiral 2)
GIG Bandwidth Expansion
Net-Centric Enterprise Services
FY09
CAC Fully Deployed
Identity Mgmt Infrastructure (PKI, Biometrics);
1 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP Network Defense (Enterprise Sensor Grid)
40 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP
10 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP
40 Gb Space HAIPE IP(FY2010)
Op-Intel Data Applications Processes
Global Net-centric
Surveillance and
Targeting
Deployment
of Collaborative
Applications
to Joint
Commanders
Improved Shared Access to
Collateral ISR data
Automated
Tagging of
Selected Sensor
and Combat
Support Data
Improved Shared Access
to Combat Support
Collaborative
Collection
Management
Improved
Strategic &
Tactical C2
Data Net-Centric
Enterprise Services
Net-Centric DCGS
Multi-INT
Fusion for
Warfighters
ISR Battle
Management
ForceNet
Deployable
CJTF HQs
Future Combat System
(FCS)
(examples)
GIG: DoD Investments
The Global Information Grid
Development Strategy
• Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS)
• GIG Bandwidth Expansion (GIG-BE)
• Transformational Communication
Satellite
(TCS)
• Net-Centric Enterprise Services (NCES)
• Information Assurance (IA)
MIT/LL
ER
• E2E Systems Engineering
MSPP
ER
ER
ER
NSA
NRL
A Subset Of Several Key Initiatives
Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS)
A Transformation Enabler
Current Systems
(25-30 Families)
(750, 000 Radios)
• Navigation
• Positioning
Common Open
Standards Architecture
&
Technology Base
AN/PSQ-6A EPLRS
• Location
AN/ARC-210
• Identification
AN/WCS-3 UHF SATCOM/LOS
• Air to Ground
• Air to Air
• Ground
to
Ground
AN/ARC-201A SINCGARS
Joint Solution
(1 Family)
O
P
E
R
A
T
I
O
N
A
L
Space
D
O
M
A
I
N
S
Airborne
Maritime/
Fixed Station
Ground Forces
• Hand held
• Dismounted
• Vehicular
ANPRC-119 SINCGARS
Legacy Waveforms
Commercial Waveforms
New Military Waveforms
• SATCOM
AN/PSC-5
JTRS – a family of common Radios and Waveforms built around a
standard open Software Communications Architecture
Why JTRS Is Transformational
• Provides a family of SW programmable radios to enable Network
Centric Warfare.
• Allows for increased interoperability (ultimate solution), technology
insertion and spiral development.
• Eliminates duplicative radio development efforts and multiple legacy
radio systems by consolidating requirements within functional
domains.
• Enables connectivity to allied/coalition, civil and national authorities.
Most importantly: Provides capability for mobile ad-hoc network to
achieve network centric capability.
RF EQUIPMENT ACQUISITION POLICY
• ASD (NII) memorandum of June 17, 2003
Subject: Radio Frequency (RF) Equipment
Acquisition Policy
“A recent Department of Defense study and continued technology
advancements indicate that expanding the scope of the JTRS/SCA to all
waveforms above 2 MHz frequency is now viable. Therefore, to enhance our
warfighting capabilities and to improve integration of our communications
systems through networking technologies, the reference radio Acquisition
Policy [August 28, 1998] is hereby modified to specifically reflect that all
such systems, including those operating above 2 GHz, are required to be
developed in compliance with JTRS/SCA. The policy is now applicable to all
communications waveforms/systems that operate at or above 2 MHz….”
GIG Bandwidth Expansion
PBX
LAN
Legacy
Switched
Network(s)
MAN1
MAN1
Wide Area Fiber Network
IP Router
Network(s)
MAN1
Wireless tails
1. Metropolitan Area Network
Provides ubiquitous, secure, robust optical Wide Area
Network Internet Protocol (IP) foundation network
GIG Bandwidth Expansion
Investment $800+M
Optical IP terrestrial backbone with
a ubiquitous presence. Mitigates
constraints in terrestrial bandwidth.
FY03: $500+M
•
•
•
•
• Diverse physical access to the
network, the near term effort
secure, robust
Requests for Proposals
Contract awards
Site surveys
Installations begin
FY04: $300M
• CONUS & OCONUS
• Complete al installations
• Provide minimum 100 Mbps per site per
service
• Key to integrated net-centric
transformation
Tomorrow:
Today:
TDM - CENTRIC
JWICS
AFSCN
GSR
NIPR
(COINS)
SIPR
DSN
DRSN
DVS
IP
Unclassified IP
Secret IP
ATM
IP
ATM
Legacy
SCI IP Voice
Video
MSPP
SONET/TDM
DWDM
FIBER
FIBER
IP - CENTRIC
Voice, Video, and Data
at
Unclassified, Secret, and SCI
IP
DWDM
FIBER
Transformational Satellite Communications
Integrates mobile/tactical users and global intelligence services
via IP (optical comm links and EHF, Ka and X-band)
Transformational Communications (TC)
Vision
Network of Networks
An internet-like transport architecture
between space, air and ground nodes
– Integrated Space, Air and Ground Networks
– Global access to deployed / mobile Users
(COTM)
– Timely delivery of air and space data to
Theater and CONUS (AISR, SISR support)
– Automated, dynamic, high assurance network
operations
– Increased capacity and connectivity: RF and
laser communications network
Enable Future Innovations and Growth Through A Flexible Yet
Secure Network Architecture
GIG: Fundamental Shift in Information
Management and Assurance
• Information and services accessed ubiquitously by
authorized users -- both human and automated
• Based on a metadata construct & globally shared services
• Environment that recognizes who you are, and limits
access based on, who and where you are
• Fully IP-based highly available network providing:
• Converged voice, video, data and imagery
• High capacity and sufficiently secure to support
communications requirements of mission critical users
• Support for fixed and ad hoc COIs – (dynamic, adaptive, self
reconfiguring)
• Seamless and secure end-to-end interconnected
information environment
• Secure interoperability – within/ across DoD, IC and
other Government, industry, international partners
• Common infrastructure support -- network
management, performance monitoring, security
management, attack sensing and response, etc.
• Strong focus on leveraging commercial technologies
• Augmented to meet DoD’s mission critical user requirements
(availability, confidentiality, integrity)
Red IP
(Secret)
Red IP
(SBU)
SBU = Sensitive But Unclassified
HAIPE = High Assurance IP Encryption
Fundamental transformation in
information management,
communication, and assurance
Information Processing Node
SCIF
Top Secret
BLACK
Transit
Network
H
A
I Black IP
P
E
SBU
International
Partner
Top
Secret
Secret
Confidential
Pulling It All Together
Systems Engineering
Test Facility
GIG & EIE MA E2E Systems Engineering
Oversight
ASD(NII) / DoD CIO
This is a matrix
organization – people
functionally support the
E2E Systems Engineering
Oversight process
Senior GIG & EIE MA
Systems Engineer (NII)
Members: Senior Sys Engineering Rep from:
Army, Navy, AF, USMC, AT&L, USD(I),
DOT&E, Joint Staff J-6, STRATCOM,
JFCOM, IC, DISA, NSA GIG IA SPO, TCO,
TCM MJPO, GIG-BE SPO, JTRS JPO,
NCES SPO, GIG Architect, and E2E Eval
Facility
Chair: Senior GIG & EIE MA
GIG E2E
Evaluation
Facility (NRL)
Focus Areas
(form/disband as required)
Systems Engineer (NII)
GIG & EIE MA Senior
Systems Engineering
Board
GIG & EIE MA End-to-End
Systems Engineering Working Group
Chair
Chair
Chair
Chair (DISA)
Chair
Chair
Chair (NSA)
Transport
Enterprise
Services
Apps &
Data
QoS
Net Mgt
NETOPS
Information
Assurance
“Sub-Working
Groups” &
Tiger Teams
…for each area
“Sub-Working
Groups” &
Tiger Teams
…for each area
HAIPE
“Tiger Team”
Systems Engineering
Influencing Standards Process
Setting
Using
DoD CIO
Programs
IT Standards
Registry
PM Selects
Standards
Influencing
GIG & EIE MA E2E
Systems Engineering
Oversight
Activity
GIG & EIE MA E2E SE:
IT Standards
Committee
*ISP—Information Support Plan
PM Delivers
ISPs*

Interface Management

E2E interface and crossnetwork analysis

Interoperability
assessment evaluations
GIG E2E Evaluation Facilities
Extensive Industry & Service
Participation in all Venues
JTRS Network
Testbed
DISA Terrestrial GIG/
GIG-BE Testbed
Airborne Network
Testbed
GIG E2E Evaluation
Facility Core
WIN-T
Testbed
DISA Teleport
Testbed
A Loaded and Stressed Network …
Emulates “War of the Future”!
JTRS-TSAT-GIG
connectivity example
TSAT Testbed (MIT/LL)
MUOS
FORCENET
Testbed
JITC
IC Network
Testbed
JDEP
• Optical Comm Testbed
• RF Testbed
• Network Testbed
JTEO
A Place to Test Early and Test Often
NATO Network Centric Capability
• Feasibility Study and Coordinated CONOPs
• Common standards, interfaces, and protocols
between core segments of the NATO networks
• Framework for Inter domain transport management
and control, routing protocols, and Information
Assurance
GIG End-to-End Near Term Focus
•
•
•
•
•
•
Program of Record Execution
Moving All Service Programs to Meet the Vision
Address Coalition and International Participation
Information Assurance
Performance & Scalability
End – to – End Engineering and Test
Understand and reduce the risk