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Unit 3 Ancient Greece Lesson 3 The Spartans Morning Work Short Answer What were three achievements of Greece’s golden age? Fill in the Blank 1. Two of the greatest city-states in Greece were Sparta and ______________. (Athens/Persepolis) 2. Sparta believed that ________________ was the way to provide security and protection for their city. (collecting taxes/military power) 3. Boys in Sparta were trained to be disciplined and obedient ____________. (heroes/soldiers) 4. Most men in Athens became ____________ or skilled craftsmen. (soldiers/farmers) 5. Unlike Sparta, Athenian ___________________ had almost no rights at all. (men/women) Generalization: Cultures in the same physical location can develop both differently and similarly Big Idea: The two most powerful city-states in Greece, Sparta and Athens, had very different cultures and became bitter enemies in the 400s BC. Film Notes: The Spartans 1. Helots 2. 12 3. A wall of shields 4. Return with them or on them 5. 30 6. Farm or trade 7. The Immortals 8. Path through the mountains and came up behind them 9. Made too many enemies and lost too many men 1. - identify – According to legend, who was responsible for the beginnings of the Spartan social system? Lycurgus, sometimes between 900 and 600 BC 2. - recall – What two qualities did the Spartans think were most important in a good soldier? Self-discipline and obedience 3. - contrast – What was the basic difference between life in Sparta and life in Athens? Sparta – focused on and organized around the military, so all training and education supported the military; Athens – thought that the mind and the body should be trained, so education, clear thinking and the arts were valued Sparta 2nd most important city-state Emphases on the military Limited contact with other city-states After finishing a meal, a visitor to a Spartan military mess hall said “Now I understand why the Spartans do not fear death” The Government 2 kings elected every 9 years Council of Elders -- advise the kings Assembly of Free Spartans Real Power Ephors Ephors -- 5 in number -- Elected every year by Assembly -- controlled education -- supervised the slaves -- made sure people lived up to Spartan standards Education for Boys -- lived and trained in military camps after age 7 -- taught courage Physical toughness patriotism Express in as few words as possible Endure pain and hardship Respect their elders All Spartan males were professional soldiers -- childhood military training -- adulthood military service Life in Sparta Men -- required to marry at 30 -- Live in barracks, not at home -- discharged from military service at 60 Women -- received no formal education -- good physical condition to be good mothers -- Legal rights equal to men Pericles Accomplishments Strengthened Athens democracy Built commercial empire Made navy the strongest in area Glorify Athens in Art and Architecture