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th 8 grade Weather Vocabulary atmosphere the air that surrounds Earth and other planets troposphere the layer of the atmosphere closest to earth (where most weather happens) stratosphere the second layer of the atmosphere (includes ozone layer; is where many airplanes fly because there are few clouds) mesosphere the third layer of the atmosphere (coldest layer) thermosphere top layer of the atmosphere (includes the ionosphere) ionosphere upper part of the thermosphere (has many atoms split into ions, reflects radio waves back to Earth) ozone layer blocks many of the sun’s ultraviolet rays from reaching the earth (holes are caused by a chemical called CFCs) condense change from a gas to a liquid evaporate change from a liquid to a gas water vapor water, in the form of gas, that is in the air cirrus cloud high, wispy cloud made of ice crystals cumulus cloud puffy, white cloud at medium altitudes stratus cloud low, flat cloud that forms in layers precipitation the rain, snow, sleet, and hail that fall to Earth wind moving air wind cell cycle of rising warm air and falling cold air wind belt pattern of wind movement around the earth weather what is happening in the atmosphere at a specific time and place air pressure the weight of air in the atmosphere pressing down on earth barometer weather tool used to measure air pressure anemometer weather tool used to measure wind speed humidity amount of water vapor in the air psychrometer weather tool used to measure humidity wind vane weather tool used to find wind direction rain gauge weather tool used to measure the amount of rainfall/precipitation air mass area of the atmosphere with constant temperature and humidity temperature measure of how hot or cold something is; measured on the Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C) scales front boundary between two air masses isobar lines on a weather map connecting areas of equal air pressure tornado powerful, funnel-shaped wind storm hurricane powerful tropical storm, with high winds that revolve around an eye weather map a chart that shows weather conditions at a particular time forecast prediction of what the weather will be climate the usual weather in a certain area over many years
