Download Ch. 6 Notes

Ch. 6
Membranes-all secrete
fluids for lubrication
1. Serous-lines cavities
that have no outside
opening (line abdomen,
thorax, cover organs)—
made of simple squamous
epithelium and loose
connective tissue
2. Mucous-composed of
epithelium and loose C.T.-lines cavities and tubes
with openings, secretes
mucus—oral, nasal,
urinary, reproductive
3. Synovial-inner linings
of joint cavities at
moveable joints—
composed of connective
tissue
4. Cutaneous-SKIN
Integumentary Systemskin, hair follicles, sweat
glands, nails, sebaceous
glands
Functions of Integ. System
1. Protection (most
important)
Barrier against infection
and injury, protects from
UV radiation
2. Aids in regulating
body temp (blood
vessels, sweat)
3. Prevents loss of life
sustaining body fluids
4. Houses sensory
receptors for touch
sense
5. Synthesizes various
chemicals-sweat, oil
(sebum)
6. Excretes small
amounts of wastes
Brochures—Use Microsoft Word
to create a
brochure/sign/publication for a
dermatologist’s office, describing
the functions of the labeled parts
to the skin from Figure 6.1, P. 113.
Also include one disorder of the
skin. You may work in pairs on
this. Brochure will need a
diagram and descriptions.
Epidermis-no blood vesselsstratified squamous
epithelium
-deepest cells stratum
basale(germinativum)-get
nutrients from dermis
-cells closer to surface are
older –fill with keratin,
become tough and die
(stratum corneum)
-cells are constantly
removed –desquamation
--extra thick skin on palms
and soles is stratum lucidum
-faster division where skin
is rubbed or pressed,
creating corns or calluses
http://www.meddean.luc.ed
u/lumen/MedEd/Histo/fram
es/h_fram13.html
-Melanocytes-cells
that produce melanin
pigment.
Can produce
differing amounts of
melanin, causing
skin color
differences
Dermis-Thicker—
Dense Conn. Tissue
and collagen/elastic
fibers give skin
toughness and
elasticity--Blood
vessels (regulate
body temp.),
glands, nerves, hair
follicles, smooth
muscle
Basement
membrane between
dermis and
epidermis
Subcutaneous-(not
true skin layer)loose
connective, fat,
blood vessels
Hair-dead cells
Arrector pili muscle
contracts when
scared or cold so that
hair within follicle
stands up
(goosebumps)
Hair color
determined by
amount of melanin
produced.
Sebaceous glandssecrete sebum into
hair follicles—oily
mixture—makes
hair soft,
waterproof
Sweat
(sudoriferous)
Glands—2 types
Eccrine-active
throughout life,
regulate body temp
by sweat
Apocrine-active at
puberty, found in
axilla and genital
areas—release
sweat from stress
Nails-protective coverings,
keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium,
attached to nail bed, a
continuation of epithelium
Read P. 122 “Skin Cancer”
Create a chart on paper, comparing cutaneous carcinomas and
cutaneous melanomas. Compare where they arise, who is at
risk, appearance of lesions, treatment and consequences.
Type
From what cells
Risk
Cutaneous
Carcinomas
Cutaneous
Melanomas
Lesions
Treatment/Consequences
Read 6.3: Regulation of Body Temp P. 120
1. What cells produce the most body heat?
2. What happens during rise of body temp?
3. What happens when too much heat is lost?
4. When does shivering occur?
Read 6.4 Healing of Wounds P. 120-121
5. Why does inflammation occur?
6. What happens to a shallow break in the epidermis?
7. What type of injury causes a blood clot?
8. What is a blood clot?
9. Describe the next steps after blood clot and scab
formation.
10.What causes a scar?