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Einstein’s Lens
Einstein’s Lens
Presented by: Name, Affiliation
Location and Date here
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Einstein’s Lens
Einstein’s big idea
Mass bends space. Light follows the shortest path through space.
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Einstein’s Lens
Einstein’s big idea
Star here…
So a star’s position in the sky…
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Einstein’s Lens
Einstein’s big idea
Appears to be here
…appears shifted because of the bending.
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Einstein’s Lens
Testing the prediction
Stars here…
The positions of stars in the night sky are known to high accuracy…
…but the Sun’s gravity will warp the space that the starlight travels through
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Einstein’s Lens
Testing the prediction
Appear to be here
So when their light passes close by the Sun their positions will appear to change
…if you could see them during the day!
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Einstein’s Lens
As predicted…
On May 29, 1919, the Sun passed in front of the bright Hyades star cluster
…and the Moon passed in front of the Sun.
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Einstein’s Lens
As predicted…
Sky map showing the amount and direction of shift of star positions.
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Einstein’s Lens
Read all about it…
This headline appeared in The New York Times on November 10, 1919
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Einstein’s Lens
Lensing goes cosmic
Advances in telescope technology
have revealed a universe of illusion!
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Einstein’s Lens
Identical twins?
The discovery of identical quasars in the 1970s
took gravitational lensing to cosmological scales
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Einstein’s Lens
Lensing on a cosmic scale
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Einstein’s Lens
Breaking news
The discovery of lensed
quasars not only showed the
power of Einstein’s idea, but
was the proof that the
enigmatic quasars were at
vast cosmological distances.
Quasar 0957+561
from the VLA radio telescope
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Einstein’s Lens
What shape is your lens?
Spherical lens gives an Einstein ring
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Einstein’s Lens
What shape is your lens?
Elongated lens gives multiple images – Einstein Cross
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Einstein’s Lens
What shape is your lens?
Multiple lenses give multiple sets of arcs and arclets
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Einstein’s Lens
Nice pictures, but what can lensing do for us?
Gravitational lenses have become one of the
most important tools in modern astronomy
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Einstein’s Lens
1. The biggest magnifying glass in the universe!
Seeing the most distant - and youngest - galaxies in the universe
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Einstein’s Lens
2. A new way to measure distance
Different images take different paths, and have different travel times.
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Einstein’s Lens
3. Black hole hunting
For animation source, see link in notes.
Animation must be saved in same folder
as Power Point to run.
A black hole’s presence is revealed by its own gravity.
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Einstein’s Lens
Just passing through…
A star’s brightness is magnified by a black hole lens.
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Einstein’s Lens
4. Exposing dark matter
Lensing maps both the mass we can see, and the mass we can’t.
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Einstein’s Lens
5. Ogling alien worlds
Gravitational Microlensing: A whole new way to find planets around other sta
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Einstein’s Lens
Full circle
Not just proof of an amazing idea, but a
cutting-edge tool of 21st century astronomy.
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Einstein’s Lens
Image Credits
1919 Eclipse: National Maritime Museum, Greenwich
Q2237+0305: J. Rhoads, S. Malhotra, I. Dell'Antonio (NOAO) / WIYN / NOAO / NSF
Identical quasars: STScI (George Rhee)
Quasar diagram: NASA / CXC / M. Weiss
Lens shape diagrams: European Space Agency
Einstein ring: STScI, Imperial College (Steve Warren, Simon Dye)
Einstein Cross: ESA and NASA
Abell 1689: N. Benitez (JHU), et al, and the ACS Science Team, ESA, NASA
Gravitational lensing: NASA, ESA, J. Blakeslee and H. Ford (JHU))
Arcs: ESA, NASA, J.-P. Kneib (Caltech / Obs. Midi-Pyrénées) and R. Ellis (Caltech)
Cloverleaf quasar: NASA / CXC / Penn State / G. Chartas, et al
Lensing animation: Frank Summers (STScI)
Microlensing: NASA and Dave Bennett (University of Notre Dame, Indiana)
CL2244-04: European Southern Observatory
ALBERT EINSTEIN and related
rights ™/© of The Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, used
under license. Represented by the
Roger Richman Agency, Inc.,
www.albert-einstein.net
Planet search: OGLE Collaboration
Full circle: NASA, ESA, A. Bolton (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA) and the SLACS Team
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