Download Small intestine

Digestive System
Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards
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Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test
your core knowledge.
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Question
•
In your own words, define digestion.
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Answer
•
Digestion is the breaking down of food
into its simplest elements.
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Question
• The gastrointestinal canal is made up of
what six organs?
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Answer
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
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Question
•
The gastrointestinal canal is also known
as the ______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alimentary canal
Large intestine
Small intestine
Tubular canal
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Answer
a. Alimentary canal
b. Large intestine
c. Small intestine
d. Tubular canal
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Question
•
Name three accessory organs of the
gastrointestinal canal:
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
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Answer
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Teeth
Tongue
Salivary glands
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Question
• List four of the six activities involved in the
processing of food:
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Answer
1. Ingestion—the taking in of food.
2. Propulsion—the movement of food through the
alimentary canal.
3. Mechanical digestion—physically prepares food for
digestion.
4. Chemical digestion—Enzymes breakdown food
(catabolism). Starts in the mouth and is more or less
completed in the small intestine.
5. Absorption—passage of digested molecules from the
GI tract to the blood and lymph.
6. Defecation—elimination of indigestible food.
Question
•
The act of chewing is considered
______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ingestion
Mechanical digestion
Defecation
Propulsion
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Answer
a. Ingestion
b. Mechanical digestion
c. Defecation
d. Propulsion
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Question
•
Mastication is ______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Swallowing
Chewing
The absorption of food.
The movement of food.
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Answer
a. Swallowing
b. Chewing
c. The absorption of food.
d. The movement of food.
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Question
•
______ is saliva and food mixed
together.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A bolus
A papillae
Chyme
A feces
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Answer
a. A bolus
b. A papillae
c. Chyme
d. A feces
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Question
•
The ______ is considered the soft food
tube, connecting the laryngopharynx to
the stomach.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Trachea
Papillae
Pharynx
Esophagus
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Answer
a. Trachea
b. Papillae
c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
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Question
•
The alimentary wall consists of four
layers which include; the mucosa,
submucosa, muscularis externa, and
______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pharynx
Epithelial interna
Serosa
Mucosa glandular
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Answer
a. Pharynx
b. Epithelial interna
c. Serosa
d. Mucosa glandular
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Question
•
______ sphincter empties the contents
from the esophagus to the stomach.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pyloric
Ileocecal
Stomach
Cardiac
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Answer
a. Pyloric
b. Ileocecal
c. Stomach
d. Cardiac
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Question
•
The majority of the breakdown of
proteins occurs in the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Liver
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Answer
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Large intestine
d. Liver
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Question
•
The stomach turns the bolus into this
liquid:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Plasma
Interstitial fluid
Chyme
Extracellular fluid
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Answer
a. Plasma
b. Interstitial fluid
c. Chyme
d. Extracellular fluid
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Question
•
The ______ opens to allow the stomach
contents into the small intestine.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Esophogeal sphincter
Ileocecal valve
Cardiac sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
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Answer
a. Esophogeal sphincter
b. Ileocecal valve
c. Cardiac sphincter
d. Pyloric sphincter
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Question
•
Between 80% and 90 % of food
absorption takes place in the ______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus
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Answer
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Large intestine
d. Esophagus
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Question
•
What is the storage device for bile?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gallbladder
Liver
Stomach
Small intestine
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Answer
a. Gallbladder
b. Liver
c. Stomach
d. Small intestine
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Question
•
Bile is used for ______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The breakdown of proteins.
The breakdown of fats.
The breakdown of carbohydrates.
All of the above.
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Answer
a. The breakdown of proteins.
b. The breakdown of fats.
c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.
d. All of the above.
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Question
•
The wave-like motion that propels food along
the GI tract is ______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Peristalsis
Pulse
Digestion
Mastication
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Answer
a. Peristalsis
b. Pulse
c. Digestion
d. Mastication
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Question
•
The finger-like projections within the
small intestines is called the ______.
Their function is to increase the surface
area of the small intestine and to absorb
nutrients.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tongue
Papillae
Villi
Duodenum
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Answer
a. Tongue
b. Papillae
c. Villi
d. Duodenum
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Question
•
The last section of the small intestine,
which opens to the large intestine, is
known as the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Jejunum
Ileum
Pyloric
Cecum
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Answer
a. Jejunum
b. Ileum
c. Pyloric
d. Cecum
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Question
• The valve that allows chyme to pass from
the small to the large intestine is the
______.
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Answer
Ileocecal valve
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Question
• As food passes through the GI tract, it is
formed into a bolus, then transforms into
chyme, and within the large intestine the
chyme is transformed into ______.
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Answer
Feces
•
The large intestine reabsorbs much of
the water that is found within the chyme.
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Question
•
Put the structures of the large intestine in
the correct order, ending with structures
that eliminate wastes.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ascending colon
Decending colon
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal
Cecum
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Answer
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Decending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal
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