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Test Review Answer Key – Organisms and Environment I. Define Biotic Factors – All of the living factors within an environment. Abiotic Factors – All of the nonliving factors within an environment (soil, temperature, rocks, weather). Organism – A single, living thing able to grow and to reproduce. Population – A group of organisms of the same species located within the same geographical area. Community – All of the populations of different species in a particular area. Ecosystem – A system consisting of all of the interactions that occur between the abiotic and biotic factors within an environment. Cell – The smallest unit of an organism; it is enclosed by a membrane and performs life functions. Nucleus – A structure found in eukaryotic cells that contains DNA and is responsible for controlling the activities of the cell. Prokaryotic Cell – A cell lacking a nucleus or any other membrane-enclosed organelle. Eukaryotic Cell – A cell containing a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles. Unicellular – consisting of a single cell Multi-Cellular – consisting of more than one cell Autotroph – An organism that is able to make its own food. Heterotroph – An organism that cannot make its own food. Asexual Reproduction - A method of reproduction that requires only one parent. Sexual Reproduction - A method of reproduction that requires both a male and a female parent. Domain – The primary or highest-ranking classification of organisms, which includes three groups: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Kingdom - A taxonomic rank below domain that is composed of smaller groups: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Test Review Answer Key – Organisms and Environment II. Sample Questions B. Domain A. Standard Climate B. A cell can live without other cells III. Know or be able to 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Prokaryotic cell is simple, relatively small in size, and does not have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are complex, relatively larger, and contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. Cells Domain Archaea, Domain Bacteria, and Domain Eukarya Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia Kingdom Archaebacteria – Prokaryotic, Autotroph or Heterotroph, Unicellular, reproduce asexually, can be found in harsh conditions and extreme environments Kingdom Eubacteria – Prokaryotic, Autotroph or Heterotroph, Unicellular, reproduce asexually, can be found everywhere Kingdom Protista – Eukaryotic, Autotroph or Heterotroph, Unicellular or Multicellular, reproduces sexually or asexually, usually found in water Kingdom Fungi – Eukaryotic, Heterotroph, Unicellular or Multicellular, reproduces sexually or asexually, usually found everywhere Kingdom Plantae – Eukaryotic, Autotrophic, Multicellular, reproduces sexually or asexually, usually found everywhere Kingdom Animalia - Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic, Multicellular, reproduces sexually, usually found everywhere Protista Animalia Air, Water, Clouds, Rocks, Soil Trees, Shrubs, Birds, Insects, Squirrels, dead log Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Archaebacteria and Kingdom Eubacteria Archaebacteria Community Organism is one living thing; Population is 2 or more of the same living organism in an area; Community is all the living things in a given area (all the populations in an area); Ecosystem is all the living and nonliving things in a given area. Test Review Answer Key – Organisms and Environment 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Paramecium, Amoeba, and Euglena Members of the Plantae and Fungi Kingdoms are Eukaryotic, Multicellular, reproduce sexually or asexually, can be found everywhere, and they contain a cell wall. Cells, use energy, grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, eliminate waste Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Protista Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria belongs to Domain Archaea Kingdom Eubacteria belongs to Domain Bacteria Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and Kingdom Animalia belong to Domain Eukarya.