Download MKUZA: achievements, challenges and prospects

THE STATUS OF
IMPLEMENTATION OF MKUZA II
2012/13
November 25, 2013
Outline of the Presentation
•
Introduction
•
Progress made in each cluster
•
Challenges faced in each cluster
•
Emerging issues
INTRODUCTION
• The presentation is based on the report of
MKUZA
Annual Implementation Report
(MKUZA AIR ) 2012/13.
• The presentation provides information on
achievements, challenges, and lessons learnt
in the course of MKUZA implementation.
• The analysis also highlights how MKUZA
implementation has impacted on economic
growth and reduction of income and nonincome poverty in Zanzibar.
CLUSTER I : GROWTH AND REDUCTION OF INCOME
POVERTY
Progress made:
– Growth in real GDP rose from 6.7% in 2011
to 7.0% in 2012.
– The domestic revenue collection in 2012/13
was 19.7 percent of GDP against the
baseline of 15 percent in 2008/09.
– Inflation rate has continued to decline from
14.7 percent recorded in 2011 to 9.4
percent in 2012.
CLUSTER 1 CONTINUED
– construction and upgrading of 26.35 km of
roads up to the tarmac level (Mfenesini Bumbwini (13.6 km), Amani – Dunga (km
12.75).
– Construction of four bridges along the
Mahonda – Donge – Mkokotoni.
– In ICT: completion of lying down the ICT
submarine cable.
– the runway at AA Karume International
Airport extended from 2.6km to 3.22km.
Construction is ongoing whereby total of
• Progress made:
CLUSTER 1 CONTINUED
• Electricity: The Project of laying down the new
electric submarine cable with the capacity of 100
MW was completed in April 2013.
• In Aid effectiveness: There was increased use of
project/program financing .
Gross Domestic Product 2008 - 2012, (Constant Price
Growth Rates) (%)
2009
2010
2011
2012p
GDP at market prices
6.7
6.4
6.7
7.0
Agriculture, forestry &
fishing
4.4
3.1
2.7
1.3
Industry
3.4
1.9
5.8
9.2
Services
8.7
9.3
8.6
8.7
Selected indicators of tourism sector in
Zanzibar
2009
6
104.3
2010
6
128.5
2011
7
157.1
2012
7
-
Average length of stay
Tourism Earning in USD
(USD million)
Tourism Expenditure per night
362
Source: Zanzibar Tourism sector survey 2011; Tanzania Tourism Sector Survey, 20092012
• Progress made:
• Progress made:
Challenges under cluster I
Cross-sectoral Challenges
• limited access to credit due to unavailability
and or high unaffordable interest rates
especially to MSMEs;
• land ownership and security of tenure hinder
growth of the private sector, especially in
tourism sector; and weak culture of industrial
and entrepreneurship of SMEs.
Challenges ……..
• unreliable supply of quality products/produce,
especially to feed the tourism sector; weak
markets and marketing promotion.
Sector-specific challenges
• Slow growth in the number of tourists, mainly
to economic crises in source countries and
security concerns in Somali and Congo, which
affected many of the East African destinations
.
Challenges………
• The number of tourists inflow to Zanzibar
declined marginally (by 0.2 percent) to
169,223 tourists in 2012 compared to 175,067
tourists who came in 2011.
Challenges…….
• Climate change is one of the most challenges
affecting agriculture sector mainly in rice
production due to unpredictable weather
condition. Also long dry spell affect the
production of other agricultural crops.
• The fishing industry is facing the challenge of
climate change such as global warming which
is causing damage to corals and lead to affect
fish, cutting of mangroves located near the
beaches where it leads to a decrease in fish
production
CLUSTER II:
SOCIAL SERVICES AND WELL-BEING
• Early Childhood Care and Development
• Increased net enrolment rate for pre-school
from 20.1% in 2010 to 50% by 2015
Progress made: Education issues:
In 2012/13, the number of enrolled pupils was
31,583 in which 15,451 were boys and 16,132
were girls. However, the Net Enrolment in
2012/13 decreased marginally to 34.4%
compared to 37.1 percent in 2011/12.
• Primary Education: Increased net- enrolment
rate from 81.5% in 2010 to 95% by 2015.
• The gross enrolment rate decline to 112.5
percent in 2012/13 from 118.5 percent
registered in 2011/12. The decline partly
reflect the effort to made to reduced the
number of primary school-age children who
were initially out of school
• Progress made:
Progress made:
• In 2012/13, the Gross Enrolment Rate of
secondary (form I- 4) reached 67.0 percent, a
marginal decline compared to 67.2 percent in
2011/12.
• Progress made:
Health issues:
– The Demographic and Health Survey (2010)
reports a decline in IMR to in 51/1000 children in
2010 compared to 54/1000 live births observed in
2008.
Likewise, under-5 mortality rate has
declined to 73 in 2010 from 79 per 1000 live births
in 2008.
– The overall immunization coverage (Penta3)
dropped from 84 percent in 2011 to 81 percent in
2012 however still approach the national target
(80 percent).
• Progress made: Maternal health
SOCIAL SERVICES AND WELL-BEING
Progress made:
Water Supply:
Significant progress has been recorded in that
access to clean and safe water increased from
60 percent in 2010 to 65% in 2011/2012 in rural
areas and from 80 in 2010 to 85% in 2011/2012.
Challenges under the
implementation of Cluster II
• Education : Shortage of teachers and qualified
professionals at secondary and higher
institutions, as well as shortage of laboratories
and equipment with qualified Sciences and
Mathematics Teachers at all levels.
• Rapid increase in water demand due to the
growth of economy, increasing of population
and other social and economic factors in
Urban and rural areas
Challenges ………………………
• Rapid growth of population and unplanned
areas in urban centers.
• Shortage of qualified and competent
professionals in Arts, sports, Kiswahili and
historical sites.
CLUSTER III:
GOOD GOVERNANCE AND NATIONAL
UNITY
Progress made:
Towards the establishment of a comprehensive
planning and monitoring system at both national
and district level, the following were carried out;
– Training of statistical officers on LGAs’ recording
keeping
– Initiation of the process of establishment of a
data base of business and service provider at
district council level.
– Establishment of a data base on the sources of
revenue at local authorities.
Cluster III progress continued
Towards increasing participation of women in
policy and decision making organs:
– in 2012/13 awareness creation among 70
qualified women on the need to contest for
different political positions and decision organs.
Furthermore, the government supported training
of women in political positions and decision
makers in order to further strengthen their
capacity .
– establishment of 11 special committees at Pemba
in fighting against gender discrimination.
Cluster III continued
Implementation of legal sector reform
programme
– in 2012/13 the government prepared
regulations of Labor Act no. 11 of 2005.
5
– Regulations of Intellectual Property Act have been
prepared and will be submitted to World
Intellectual Property Organization and Africa
Regional Intellectual Property Organization
(ARIPO) for their consideration.
–
Legal sector reform continued
• Capacity Needs Assessment of Legal Sector
Actors in Zanzibar and Assessment of Justice
Needs and Obstacles in Zanzibar conducted.
Cluster III continued
Enhancement of human rights awareness and
observance
– Provision of public education on human rights
issues through mass media and at the shehia level
– Zanzibar prepared the Convention for all forms of
Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) implementation report 2012/13
– During 2012/13, the government established the
Zanzibar Bureau Standard to spearhead general
issues in consumer protection
The implementation of key
reforms
• The Zanzibar Anti-Corruption and Economic
Crime Authority has been established and the
Director General has been appointed; Local
government authorities regulations has been
revised; and the government already finalized
preparing the Local government policy in
2012/2013.
Challenges under the
Implementation of Cluster III
• Despite the ongoing legal sector reform in
Zanzibar, the pace of developing legal sector
reform strategy is not satisfactory due to lack
of commitment especially in the part of
consultants.
• Infrastructures of Judiciary are poor causing
delay in justice.
Challenges ………
• Low awareness of MKUZA II among non-state
actors at local level hence it led to inadequate
participation in its implementation.
RESOURCE MOBILIZATION FOR
FINANCING OF MKUZA
Progress made:
• Program Based Budgeting (PBB) -to
strengthen results- based budgetary system
through program and emphasize the use of
resources so as to bring efficiency in the
budget implementation.
Domestic Resources Mobilization
FINANCING OF MKUZA
• Progress made:
•
Emerging Issues & Way forward
Growth Sectors:
The slow growth in the number of tourists in the
recent years, was mainly caused by economic
crises in source countries and security concerns
in Somali and Congo, which affected many of the
East African destinations. The question is how
Zanzibar can capitalize in the recent trends in
regional security by offering safe and secure
destinations for both leisure and MICE (meeting,
incentive, convention and entertainment)
tourists.
Growth sector …….
• The pace of infrastructure development is noted
to be one of the limiting factors to the
expansions of other sectors, particularly tourism
sector.
• Land use planning and enforcement will be
critical issue as the climate change phenomenon
continues to affect Zanzibar.
Today, high
encroachment of saline water, agriculture land,
and forest areas has already been noted to
hinder the development of production of this in
agriculture sector.
Growth sector……..
• Fishery sector development has potential to
contributing to the transformation of
Zanzibar’s economy. The revitalization of the
sector is required to complement the
shrinkage in land-based economic sectors.
Emerging Issues & Way forward
• Social Sectors: The strengthening efficiency in
service delivery (cost-effectively) needs
substantial modernization, particularly the use
of ICT.
• Human resources in key social service sectors,
such as education and health, social
protection, and cultural development is key
for sustaining gains recorded this far.
Emerging issues continued
• Governance issues: The issue of security and
national unity, as a bedrock for economic
growth and social prosperity will require more
efforts given the trends observed in the east
African region.
• Financing
issues:
Domestic
resource
mobilization requires further strengthening in
order to increase revenue efforts (domestic
revenue/GDP ratio) and reduce the financing
gap, as well as reduce external dependency, at
least in relative terms.
THANK YOU