Download Cells and Systems Review Outine

Science 8 – Cells and Systems Review
The 6 characteristics that define all living things are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Spontaneous generation –
Structures –
Functions –
cell→tissue→organ→organ system→body
Compound light microscope (structures)
Plant vs. Animal cells
Unicellular organisms:
1.
Amoeba -
2. Paramecium Multicellular organisms :
Matter moves into/out of the cell through the process of _____________________.
Osmosis Because the cell membrane allows SOME matter to move in and out – it is said to be
________________________.
Cells combine together to form tissue.
4 types of animal tissue:
1.
2.
3.
4.
3 types of plant tissue:
1.
2.
3.
Organ Systems
1.
Digestive system –
2. Respiratory system –
3. Circulatory system –
Blood vessels
1.
2.
3.
The heart:
Three types of blood cells:
1.
2.
3.
Blood cells float in a fluid known as ____________________.
4. Excretory system –
The tiny filtering units found within our kidneys are known as ___________________.
Many conditions within the body can be tested by a patient undergoing a
__________________.
When a person has damaged both of their kidneys, the only 2 options they have are:
1.
2.
5. The nervous system
Nervous tissue is made up of specialized cells called ___________________.
Two important divisions of the nervous system are the ______________________(brain
and spinal cord) and the _________________________(head and spinal nerves).
The peripheral nervous system can be divided into 2 other divisions, the
_________________________________ (voluntary responses) and the
_________________________________ (involuntary responses).
The type of neurons found in the spine are the _________________.
Reflex Response
A reflex response is designed to minimize injury to the body by reducing the time a
response takes to external stimuli.
Parts of the brain:
1.
Cerebrum
2. Medulla
3. Cerebellum
The first vaccine was created by ____________________________ to protect people
against a disease known as _____________. It was Louis Pasteur who made the
connection between “germs” and disease. He created the method known as
___________________________ that heated food to a certain temperature to kill of
pathogens. It was Joseph Lister who took Pasteur’s work a step further and introduced
the concept of __________________ into medical procedures. Canada has developed the
____________________________________ to help Canadians know the right types and
amounts of food to eat to help with healthy functioning of their organ systems.
Factors affecting the healthy functioning of our organ systems
Respiratory system
A condition characterized by the narrowing of your airways (triggered by many
environmental factors) is known as ______________________.
Smoking, while containing nicotine (addictive), tar (sticky substance that builds up in the
lungs), carbon monoxide (competes with oxygen attaching to red blood cells) and many
other chemicals – can lead to chronic _____________________(build up of mucus in
airways – coughing), ______________________________ (damaged alveoli – shortness
of breath), damaged cilia and potentially lung cancer.
Circulatory system
Diets that are high in fatty foods can lead to a buildup of plaque in our arteries known as
_______________________________. This buildup can also cause an increase in blood
pressure – known as hypertension. Should the buildup completely block and artery, the
person could suffer from a ___________________________.
Digestive system
Painful sores lining the stomach (caused by a breakdown in the production of mucus in
gastric juice) are known as ______________________. These are caused by a bacteria
known as _________________ ______________________. Since it is a bacteria that
causes this condition, it can be treated with the prescription of ___________________.