Download 7th grade study guide final systems_ Ecology

Systems
System
Respiratory system
Function
Moves O2 and CO2 in and
out of body
Circulatory System
Transporting material
around the body
Breaking food down into
useful forma
Digestion system
Immune system
Excretory System
Fight disease
Removes wastes
Skeletal System
Helps an organism more
1. provides shape and
support
2. enable you to move
3. protect internal
organ
4. produce blood cells
5. stores material
1.Enables the body to move
2. moves food through the
digestion system
3. keeps the heart beating
1. Receives and processes
information from both
inside and outside
2. controls body’s
response.
3. Helps maintain
homeostasis
Made up of glands that
secrete hormones to help
control and coordinate
activities in the body
Muscular System
Nervous system
Endocrine
Reproductive system
Produces sex cells that can
unite with other sex cells to
create offsprings
Immune system
Fight disease
Organs in the system
Nose, Pharynx, Epiglottis,
Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus,
lungs, Diaphragm
Heart, blood vessels
Mouth, Pharynx,
Esophagus, Liver, stomach,
Pancreas, Large intestine,
small intestine, rectum,
anus
Kidneys, uterus, Urinary
bladder, Urethra
Bones, cartilage, ligaments,
and tendons
3 types of muscles-1.
skeletal, smooth, cardiac
Brain, spinal cord, Nerves
Hypothalamus, Pituitary
gland, Parathyroid glands,
Thyroid gland, Thymus,
Adrenal glands, Pancreas,
Boys- Testes
Girl- Ovaries
Boys- bladder, glands,
urethra, penis, testis,
scrotum
Girls- Oviduct, Ovary,
uterus, cervix, urethra,
Vagina
54 Humans have several organ systems that allow them to carry on all life activities.
Complete the chart below by identifying one organ system that is responsible for each life
activity listed. The first row has been completed as an example.
Life Activity
Human Organ System
breaking down large food molecules into
smaller molecules
exchanging gases between the blood and the
environment
digestive system
removing liquid and gaseous wastes from the
body
transporting needed materials to the cells
and carrying wastes away from cells
producing offspring
moving the body
27 The diagram below shows a human body system.
Blood vessel
Arteries- carries blood away from the
heart.
Capillaries-when substances are
exchanged between the blood and body
cells.
Veins- carries blood back to the heart.
What are two of the functions performed by this
body system?
(1) protects and supports the body
(2) produces and transports oxygen within the
body
(3) produces and excretes waste products
(4) controls and coordinates body activities
31 The labeled organs in the diagram below are
part of which human body system?
Enzymes- are chemical that speed up chemical
reaction
Chemical digestion- breakdown of food
chemically- mouth, stomach, and the most CD
happens in the small intestine
Mechanical digestion- begins at your mouth- cut
food into small pieces. Teeth
(1) respiratory
(3) digestive
Absorption- when nutrients pass through the wall
of your digestion system into your blood
(2) endocrine
(4) circulatory
54 The diagram below shows several organs in the human digestive system.
Explain two ways that food is changed as it passes through the digestive system. [2]
(1)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(2)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
** asexual reproduction- involves only 1 part and produces offsprings that are identical to
the parent.
Sexual reproduction-involves 2 parents who combine their genetic material to produce a
new organism, which differs from both parents
6 The diagram below represents a magnified view
of an air sac in the human lung. The white arrows indicate blood flow.
Which two systems are interacting in this diagram?
(1) skeletal and muscular
(2) nervous and endocrine
(3) reproductive and digestive
(4) respiratory and circulatory
Ecology
Habitat- where an animal lives and that provides the thing the organism needs
Organism needs:
1. food
2. water
3. shelter
4. grow and reproduction
5. respond to their surrounding
Population- all members of one species in a particular area
Community- all the different population that live together
Population density = number of individuals
Unit Area
Niche- An organism particular role, or how it makes it living
3 major types of interactions among organisms1. Competition- struggle between organism to survive (Survival of the fittest)
2. Predation-One organism hunts and kills another

Predator- does the killing

Prey- organism that is caught
3. Symbiosis- close relationship between 2 species that benefits at least 1 of the
species.

Mutualism- both species benefit

Commensalisms-only 1 species benefits and the other species is
neither helped nor harmed.

Parasitism- 1 organism living on or inside another organism and
harming it. Host- the organism that the parasite lives on
9 Which term describes an organism’s ability to
maintain a stable internal environment?
(1) reproduction (3) locomotion
(2) extinction (4) regulation
16 The diagram below shows a deer and green
plants.
Which statement best describes the relationship between the deer and the plants?
(1) The deer supplies food and oxygen to the
green plants.
(2) The deer supplies food and carbon dioxide
to the green plants.
(3) The green plants supply food and carbon
dioxide to the deer.
(4) The green plants supply food and oxygen to
the deer.
17 The table below shows the deer population in
Arizona for a 30-year period.
Ecosystem- all the living and
nonliving things that interacts in an
area
What is the most likely reason that the deer
population decreased from 1920 to 1935?
(1) There was less air pollution.
(2) More water was available.
(3) Fewer hunting licenses were issued.
(4) There was increased competition for food.
Base your answers to questions 58 and 59 on the diagram below and on your knowledge
of science. The diagram represents an ecosystem.
58 Identify one producer shown in the diagram. [1]
____________________________________________
59 What is the original source of energy for this ecosystem? [1]
____________________________________________
33 Extinction of a species is most likely to occur as
a result of
(1) evolution
(2) migration
(3) selective breeding
(4) environmental changes
Base your answers to questions 39 and 40 on the diagram below, which shows a partial
food web.
39 How many organisms
in this food web feed on the mice?
(1) 5
(2) 3
(3) 2
(4) 4
44 Populations living in one place form a
(1) community (3) habitat
(2) system (4) species
Base your answers to questions 72 through 74 on the woodland and pond ecosystems
illustrated below.
The members of these ecosystems interact with one another as well as with the nonliving
environment.
72 Identify one consumer shown in this ecosystem. [1]
__________________________________________
73 Identify one producer shown in this ecosystem. [1]
__________________________________________
74 What is the primary source of energy for this ecosystem? [1]