Download Anatomy 11 Head, Neck, Levers

8/27/2015
Anatomy 11
Head, Neck, Levers
What classification of joint
are the sutures?
What holds them together?
How much movement?
What muscle has part of
its origin on the superior
nuchal lines?
What muscle has part of
its insertion on the
superior nuchal line?
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What is the foramen magnum
for?
What are the coverings of the
brain and spinal cord called?
What is the order of these
coverings from superficial to
deep?
Interesting fact about the
sphenoid bone?
Temporal mandibular joint pg 235-6
Diarthrodial, movements, ligaments
Masseter and Temporalis, pgs. 250-2
Locations and Actions
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Medial and lateral pterygoids, pg 259
Actions and locations
What do you know
About the hyoid bone?
Suprahyoids and digastric, pg 253-4
Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid and
digastric
Superior to the hyoid, elevate the hyoid
Digastric also depresses mandible
Infrahyoids, pg 255
Sternohyoid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid
Inferior to the hyoid, depress the hyoid
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Platysma and occipital frontalis pg 257-8
Actions and importance of attachment to fasciae
Other Structures of the Head, Neck and Face
Other Structures of the Head, Neck and Face
270
Levers

Lever is a simple machine
– Consists of two forces acting around a
supporting force which provides a pivot point
– The mechanical advantage of the lever depends
upon where the forces are located
– A lever can be used to increase force, change
the direction of the force or gain distance
– More info in Salvo text, pgs328-9
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• First class lever- seesaw - balance
– Effort & resistance act on opposite sides of axis
– It is the most versatile of the lever systems
– Depending on effort arm distance can lift a large resistance or
act at a small distance to move the resistance a greater distance
• Second class lever- wheelbarrow - strength
– Forces act on one side of the axis, effort is always less than
resistance
– The effort must always move a greater distance than the
resistance
• Third class lever – scissors or gas pedal –
speed and movement
– Forces act on one side of the axis, effort is always greater than
the resistance
– This is the most often used (abundant) lever in the human body
Lever Systems
First Class Lever
Ellipsoidal Joint
Atlanto-occiptial
joint
Allows for
Flexion/Extension
Lateral Flexion
Second Class Lever
Pivot joint
Atlantoaxial joint
Allows for
rotation
Third Class Lever
Gliding joints
Articular Facet
Joints
Allow for movement
of the vertebral
column,
flexion/extension,
lateral flexion, and
rotation
Where the bodies of the vertebrae meet = amphiarthrodial joints
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Suboccipitals, locations pg 192, 205-6
Longus Capitis and Longus Colli, pg 260
Actions and relationship to other muscles of the
neck
Sternocleidomastoid - Palpate
Sternocleidomastoid
What is the origin of SCM?
What is the insertion?
What is the action of this
muscle?
Pgs. 244-5
245
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Scalenes - Anatomy
Scalenes
What are the actions of this muscle group?
Which is the only scalene to assist in flexion of the neck?
Why are they important to neck and arm work?
Origin and insertions as a group pg 246-7
246
Let’s list the muscles that
rotate the head and neck to
the right
Student Workbook, TGB
102-103, 110-111, 121, 124-126,
131-133
Review all lectures for the
Anatomy final!
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