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Borrow money from a pessimist… They don’t expect it back. Minos, Myceneae and Athens The rise of Hellenic Greece The Parthenon, Athens - 450 BCE • Sir Arthur Evans, 1900 Theseus and the Minotaur The ship of King Minos sailing to Athens Theseus & Ariadne Theseus and the Minotaur North entrance of Palace of Knossos The Queen’s Room… The Fisherman, Crete, c 1400 Prince With Lilies, c. 1500 BC Minoan ladies, 1400 Sea themes on Cretan pottery Bull leaping Mural, Palace at Knossos The Palace at Knossos, 2200 -1400 BC Homer, The Iliad - c 800 BCE Heinrich Schlieman, 1871 ... “Origins” of the Trojan War 12th C. : The Trojan Wars • The Lion’s Gate, 1350 BC Kyriakos Pittakis, 1841 The Treasury of Atreus c 1300 BCE Two sets of gravesites were discovered at Mycenae • Pottery, swords, knives and 100’s of gold ornaments have been found Mycenaean Queen, c. 1350 Mycenaean bull, 1350 BCE Invasions usher in a “Dark Age.” (1100-800 BC) Invasions usher in a “Dark Age.” (1100-800 BC) • Mycenaean civilization disappeared- warfare, poverty, insecurity and isolation. • Extensive trade ceased • The knowledge of writing was forgotten • Palace workshops were abandoned • Art reflected primitive forms • Burials and graves were simple • No massive buildings/architecture • Fewer water wells were dug How did life change after 800 BC? • “The Greek Renaissance” 800 – 600 BC • Writing again became part of Greek culture (Phoenician script!) • Population increased dramatically • Urbanization quickened • A merchant class emerged • Colonies around the Mediterranean multiplied • Overseas trade expanded • Rise in use of metals • The Polis… is the name for the independent citystate of the ancient Hellenes people. The polis developed into a self-governing community… that expressed the will of free citizens, not the desires of gods, hereditary kings or priests. The great Greek contribution to political life: • Individual members shared a sense of belonging to and participating in the polis. • Community problems are caused by human beings and require human solutions. • Laws expressed the rational mind of the community to insure its will and needs are met. Sparta: the ultimate military state Spartan warriors, c. 450 BC The ruins of Ancient Sparta Athens, cradle of democracy Draco Solon 620’sBC 570’sBC Pisistratus, 540’s BC Cleisthenes, 508 BC Pericles, 499-429 BC • Pericles was the central figure in Athens for over thirty years Any questions?
