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The Atomic Model The 5 Stages of the Atomic Model Dalton’s Model The atom is a solid indivisible mass No protons, neutrons or electrons Like a marble The Plum Pudding Model Developed by Lord Kelvin based on the work of J.J. Thomson Negatively charged electrons are embedded in a positive mass. No protons or neutrons The Nuclear Model Developed by Rutherford Based on his famous “Gold Foil Experiment” Results of experiment: – – Discovered nucleus = positive dense core of the atom containing protons and neutrons Atom is mostly empty space where electrons randomly orbit nucleus. Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment Planetary Model Developed by Neils Bohr Electrons travel in circular, defined orbits around nucleus called energy levels Energy level: region around nucleus where electrons are likely to be moving Like a target. Quantum Mechanical Model Developed by Erwin Schrodinger aka “Electron Cloud” model Doesn’t define an exact path of electron; estimates probability of finding electron in a certain location Uses atomic orbitals = a 3-D region around nucleus that describes the electron’s probable location. – Each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons