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CURRICULUM SUMMARY – January to April 2017 SUBJECT: Week 1 2 3 Physics Dates 2-5 Jan 9 -13 Jan 16-20 Jan YEAR GROUP: 10 TEACHER: Keith Nicholson Learning objectives Activities (in brief) State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases Relate the properties of solids, liquids and gases to the forces and distances between molecules and to the motion of the molecules Interpret the temperature of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules Show an understanding of the random motion of particles in a suspension as evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter, and, describe this motion in terms of random molecular bombardment Show an appreciation that massive particles may be moved by light, fast moving molecules Revision molecular (particle) model of solids liquids & sgases from KS3. Powerpoint presentation with animation illustrating molecular movement for different states of matter, change of state and evaporation. Video-clip Browninan motion, pollen, carbon powder in liquid and smoke particle in air. Practical activity cooling effect of evaporation. Class discussion examples and applications. Homework task Describe evaporation in terms of the escape of moreenergetic molecules from the surface of a liquid Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught influebce evaporation Explain the cooling of a body in contact with an evaporating lquid Describe qualitatively the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules Explain pressure in terms of the change of momentum of the particles striking the walls creating a force Describe qualitatively, in terms of molecules, the effect on the pressure of a gas of: - a change of temperature at constant volume - a change of volume at constant temperature Recall and use the equation pV = constant for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature Practical demonstration Boyle’s law & Charles’ law. Powerpoint + video-clip illustration how gases cause pressure on walls of container. Model diagrams Reinforcement of formula & principles through extension sheet. Homework task. 4 23-27 Jan Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases Explain in terms of the motion of molecules, the relative order of the magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases Identify and explain some of the everyday applications and consequences of thermal expansion Appreciate how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature and state examples Recognise and identify fixed points Describe and explain the structure and action of liquid-in-glass thermometers Describe the structure and application of a thermocouple Demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity 5 30 Jan-3 Feb Relate a rise in the temperature of a body to an increase in its internal energy Show an understanding of what is meant by the thermal capacity of a body Recall and use the equation thermal capacity = mc Recall and use the equation change in energy = mcΔT Describe an experiment to measure the specific heat capacity of a substance Describe melting and boiling in terms of energy input without a change in temperature Distinguish between boiling and evaporation Use the terms latent heat of vaporisation and latent heat of fusion and give a molecular interpretation of latent heat Recall and use the equation energy = ml Describe an experiment to measure specific latent heats for steam and for ice Practical demonstration: - solids, comparison various metal bars, T-bar, ball & ring, bimetallic strip. - liquids, water thermometer - gases, spherical flask Class discussion principles and applications Classroom exercise – extension sheet Callibration of water thermometer Model diagram thermocouple Homework task Powerpoint presentation Practical activity – specific heat capacity of water + metal Extension sheet Practical activity – specific latent heat of fusion & vaporisation of water Extension sheet Homework task 6 6 – 10 Feb Describe experiments to demonstrate the properties of good and bad thermal conductors Give a simple molecular account of conduction in solids Recognise convection as an important method of thermal transfer in fluids Relate convection in fluids to density changes and describe experiments to illustrate convection Identify infra-red radiation as a method of heat transfer and that this does not require a medium Describe experiments to show the properties of good and bad emitters and good and bad absorbers of infrared radiation Identify and explain some of the everyday applications and consequences of conduction, convection and radiation 7 13 - 17 Feb Mid-term assessment and evaluation 8 20 – 24 Feb 27 Feb -3 Mar Mid-Term Break Demonstrate understanding that waves transfer energy without transferring matter Use the term wavefront Give the meaning of speed, frequency, wavelength and amplitude Recall and use the equation v = fλ Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves and give suitable examples Describe how waves can udergo: - reflection at a plane surface - refraction due to a change in speed - diffraction through a narrow gap Describe how wavelength and gap size affects diffraction through a narrow gap Practical demonstration: - conduction through varions metal bars - convection, liquid rectangular tube, gas smoke box. - radiation lamp Powerpoint presentation including animation model conduction & convection Class discussion principles and applications Practical exercise – cooling curve for insulated beaker + control. Extension sheet Homework task Demonstration of transverse & longitudinal waves along slinky Powerpoint demonstration, including animation / video wavefronts & ripple tank Model wavefront diagrams reflection, refraction & diffraction Worked examples including formula Homework task 9 6 – 10 Mar Describe the formation of an optical image by a plane mirror and give its characteristics Recall and use the law angle of incidence = angle of reflection Perform simple constructions, measurements and calculations for reflection by plane mirrors Describe an experimental demonstration of the refraction of light Use the terminology for the angle of incidence i and angle of refraction r and describe the passage of light through parallel sided transparent material Recall and use the definition of refractive index n in terms of speed Recall and use the equation sin i / sin r = n Give the meaning of critical angle Describe total internal reflection Recall and use n = 1 / sin c Describe and explain the use of optical fibres particularly in medicine and communication technology 10 13 – 17 Mar Describe the action of a thin converging lens on a beam of light Use the terms principal focus and focal length Draw ray diagrams for the formation of a real image by a convex lens Draw and use ray diagrams for the formation of a virtual image by a convex lens Describe the nature of an image using the terms enlarged / same size / diminished / upright / inverted Show an understanding of the terms real image and virtual image Give a qualitative account of the dispersion of light as Model diagram illustrating plane surface mirror, normal, incident ray, reflected ray, angle of incidence & angle of refraction. Practical exercise plotting incident & reflected rays then extension to determine image in plane mirror Practical exercise plotting passage of light through a glass block (use of optic pins) Measurement of angle i and angle r, thus calculation of n Practical demonstration total internal reflection including optic fibre Extension sheet, practice calculations of n Homework task Powerpoint presentation Worked examples Homework task shown by the action on light of a glass prism including the seven colours of the spectrum in their correct order Recall that light of a single frequency is described as monochromatic 11 12 13 20 – 24 Mar 27 – 31 Mar 3 – 7 Apr Describe the main features of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of wavelength State that the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is 3.0 x 108 m/s and is approximately the same in air Describe typical properties and uses of radiations in all the different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum Demonstrate an awareness of safety issues regarding the use of microwaves and x-rays Practical demonstration dispersion of light through 60o prism Video clip / powerpoint presentation Class poster exercise.. Homework research project Summary light plenary Summary light homework task Unit assessment End of term assessment & evaluation