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FIRST TRIMESTER GUIDED NOTES WEEK 1 _______________hours after fertilization begins, pregnancy can be confirmed by detecting a hormone called “__________________in the mother’s blood (The test for this hormone, however, is not widely available). This substance helps prevent the mother’s immune system from rejecting the soon-to-be-implanted embryo and allows pregnancy to proceed. _______________ is the process whereby the early embryo embeds into the inner wall of the mother’s uterus. Implantation begins about 6 days after fertilization and is complete by about 12 days. Embryo begins receiving nourishment directly from the cells lining the mother’s ______________ WEEK 1- 2 Approximately 8 days after fertilization, cells from the growing embryo begin producing a hormone called_______________________________. This hormone is present in a pregnant woman’s blood and urine almost immediately and is the substance detected by most pregnancy tests. Nutrients, oxygen, vitamins, and water in the mother’s blood stream pass through the _______________ and ________________to the embryo; while carbon dioxide and other waste flows back to the mother. The placenta also produces hormones and maintains fetal temperature above the mother’s temperature A twisting cord of blood vessels, called the___________________, connects the embryo to the placenta. WEEK 2-3 Stem cells have divided and differentiated into 3 different germ layers called _________________ ________________, & ___________________. Each gives rise to major components of specific body structures and organs. **List 4 parts that will derive from the Ectoderm **List 4 parts that will derive from the Endoderm **List 4 parts the will derive from the Mesoderm 3 - 4 WEEKS Only 3 weeks and 1 day after fertilization – the________________________. weeks, the heart typically beats between 105 and 121 times per minute. Upper and lower ________________ appear by four weeks By 4 4- 5 WEEKS At this point, the embryo’s skin is only one cell thick. This makes the skin_______________, allowing us to see internal organs during early development. 5- 6 WEEKS Embryo begins to ____________ 6-7 WEEKS The embryo has ____________ by 6 weeks, 2 days! Hiccups begin OLDEST BONES IN YOUR BODY=Bone formation begins between 6 and 7 weeks, starting with the clavicle, or collar bone, and the upper and lower jaw. This process is called________________. By 7 weeks, the ovaries appear in the female embryo. In the male embryo, a gene on the Y-chromosome produces a substance causing the testes to begin to differentiate. 7-8 WEEK The embryo also kicks, and will jump if startled. By 8 weeks the _____________ is highly developed 8-9 WEEKS Thumb sucking begins and the fetus may swallow ____________ 9-10 WEEKS By this point, ossification is underway in most bones. Fingers and toes, nails begin to emerge, as do _________________. 10-11 WEEKS The nose and lips are completely formed. Though gender is determined at fertilization, _______________now distinguish male from female. 11-12 WEEKS No diapers in the womb! = the fetus _____________directly into the amniotic fluid. (But remember, the umbilical cord is also removing waste.)