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Afghanistan United Arab Emirates Iraq West Bank and Gaza Saudi Arabia Sudan Region Kuwait Tunisia Lebanon Iran Morocco Turkey Oman Egypt Pakistan Yemen Qatar Libya Israel Somalia Jordan Bahrain Algeria 2 Djibouti Afghanistan Population of MENA in millions (2013) Algeria Bahrain Djibouti Total: 720 Million People Egypt Iran Iraq Jordan Kuwait 34,186 Dozens of religious and ethnic groups. Hundreds of languages. 9,782 10,882 Lebanon 25,235 21,898 9,346 10,383 38,289 30,552 Morocco 1,131 76,083 30,054 84,666 2,169 4,421 76,521 190,709 Libya 939 Oman Pakistan Palestinian Territory Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia 35,095 3,983 3,295 South Sudan 7,309 4,822 6,518 3,459 Sudan Syria Tunisia Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen 3 Against the Global Trend Globally, rates of new HIV infection are down 31% over the past 10 years. MENA countries has seen an increase of over 50% in that same period. 4 ~270,000 AIDS Related Deaths Global 2001: 1.9 million 2005: 2.3 million 2012: 1.6 million 5 Systemic Lack of Treatment 17,000/160,000 of those eligible Only 8% of infected women receive treatment to prevent mother to child transmission Less than 1/8 of those eligible for ART treatment received it in Egypt, Djibouti, Iran, Somalia, and Sudan 6 7 Intravenous Drug User (IDU) In an unrelated study in Libya, 85% of people who inject drugs reported sharing needles. OF these 87% had HIV. IDUs –primary means of HIV transmission between at risk and the general population. Despite this – lack of appropriate programs 8 9 Female Sex Worker (FSW) • Bridges between at risk population and the more general populace. • Historically, low levels of HIV infection, less than 5 % • Morocco 2%- responsible for half of new HIV infections • Localized Epidemics of HIV have been found among FSW in Djibouti ( 15.4%), Libya (15.7%), Somalia, and Southern Sudan 10 Conclusion Interdisciplinary Approach – Step Up The Pace • • • • Religion Culture Politics Finance 11