Download Standard 9

The student will identify key events, issues, and
individuals relating to the causes, course, and
consequences of the Civil War.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
 It created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and
allowed settlers in those territories to determine if
they would allow slavery within their boundaries.
 The act established that settlers could vote to decide
whether to allow slavery, in the name of popular
sovereignty or rule of the people.
 The Kansas-Nebraska Act divided the nation and
pointed it toward civil war.
 The act itself nullified the Missouri Compromise of
1820 and the Compromise of 1850.
 According to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854,
whether a state was free or slave would be determined
by
A. The time of each presidential election
B. A majority vote in Congress
C. A vote in the state legislature
D. Popular sovereignty
 Which of the following describes the Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
A. It repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820.
B. It required Kansas to enter the Union as a slave state.
C. It created harmony between Kansas and Missouri.
D. It reduced feelings or sectionalism in the country.
John Brown
 John Brown was an
American abolitionist, and
folk hero who advocated
and used violence as a
means to end all slavery.
 John Brown and his sons
gained notoriety in the
fight against slavery by
brutally murdering five
pro-slavery farmers with a
broadsword in Kansas.
 This action occurred
during a time known as
“Bleeding Kansas”.
Dred Scott v. Sanford
 Dred Scott was a slave who sued
unsuccessfully for his freedom.
 His case was based on the fact that
he was a slave, but had lived in
states and territories where slavery
was illegal.
 The United States Supreme Court
ruled seven to two against Scott,
finding that neither he, nor any
person of African ancestry, could
claim citizenship in the United
States, and that therefore Scott
could not bring suit in federal
court.
 Essentially, the Supreme Court
stated that slaves were property.
 What conclusion can be made about the effect of the
Supreme Court ruling in the Dred Scott case?
A. It received greater support in the North than in the
South.
B. It resulted in less need for the Underground Railroad.
C. It strengthened the Fugitive Slave Law and further
divided the country.
D. It prompted Congress to pass new legislation
protecting the rights of slaveholders.
 What was the effect of the Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
decision?
A. It unified the North in its support of slavery.
B. It prompted federal support of states’ rights.
C. It incited further sectionalism in the country.
D. It resulted in other slaves petitioning the court for
freedom.
John Brown’s Raid = Harpers Ferry
 It was an attempt by John
Brown to start an armed slave
revolt by seizing a United
States Arsenal at Harpers Ferry
in Virginia.
 Within 36 hours of the failed
attack, Brown's men had fled or
been killed or captured by local
farmers, militiamen, and U.S.
Marines led by Robert E. Lee.
 He was tried for treason against
the state of Virginia, the
murder of five proslavery
Southerners, and inciting a
slave insurrection and was
subsequently hanged.
John Brown’s Influence
 Historians agree that the
Harpers Ferry raid in 1859
escalated tensions that a
year later led to secession
and the American Civil
War.
 Southerners said that
Brown’s raid was a natural
progression of the
Republican anti-slavery
position.
 Northerners praised Brown
as a hero and a martyr.
The Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address
 In just over two minutes,
Lincoln invoked the
principles of human equality
written in the Declaration of
Independence and redefined
the Civil War as a struggle not
merely for the Union, but as
"a new birth of freedom" that
would bring true equality to
all of its citizens, and that
would also create a unified
nation in which states' rights
were no longer dominant.
 What was the purpose of the Gettysburg Address,
delivered by President Lincoln on November 19, 1863?
A. To punish the South
B. To honor fallen soldiers
C. To propose the Thirteenth Amendment
D. To call for the South’s surrender
Emergency Powers
 During the Civil War, Lincoln appropriated powers no
previous President had wielded:
 He used his war powers to proclaim a blockade
 He suspended the writ of habeas corpus

Habeas corpus is a legal action through which a person can
seek relief from the unlawful detention of him or herself, or of
another person.
 He spent money before Congress appropriated it
 He imprisoned between 15,000 and 18,000 suspected
Confederate sympathizers without trial.
Ulysses S. Grant
 Grant was appointed the leader
of the Union armies by Lincoln
in 1864.
 Grant implemented a
coordinated strategy of
simultaneous attacks aimed at
destroying the South's armies
and its economy's ability to
sustain its forces.
 In 1865, after mounting a
successful war of attrition
against his Confederate
opponents, he accepted the
surrender of Confederate
General Robert E. Lee at
Appomattox Court House.
Robert E. Lee
 He is best known for
commanding the
Confederate Army of
Northern Virginia in the
American Civil War.
 He was adored by his
men and seen as the face
of the Confederacy.
 Lee became the great
Southern hero of the
war.
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
 He was a Confederate
general during the
American Civil War.
 He was probably the most
well-known Confederate
commander after General
Robert E. Lee.
 He earned the nickname
“Stonewall” at the Battle of
Bull Run.
 He was accidentally shot
by his own men and died a
few days later from
complications.
William Tecumseh Sherman
 Sherman served under General
Ulysses S. Grant at the
beginning of the war.
 In 1864, Sherman succeeded
Grant as the Union commander
in the western theater of the
war.
 After Grant was given control
of the entire Union army.
 He proceeded to lead his troops
to the capture of the city of
Atlanta, a military success that
contributed to the re-election
of President Abraham Lincoln.
William Tecumseh Sherman
 He ordered the burning of
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Atlanta.
After burning Atlanta, he
went on a 300-mile march
across Georgia to
Savannah.
This is known as the
“March to the Sea”.
After capturing Savannah,
Sherman took his army
north through South
Carolina.
They left almost nothing
standing in their path.
Jefferson Davis
 He served as President of
the Confederate States of
America for its entire
history, 1861 to 1865,
during the American
Civil War.
 While not disgraced, he
was displaced in
Southern affection after
the war by its leading
general, Robert E. Lee.
 Who was president of the Confederate States of
America?
A. Ulysses S. Grant
B. Robert E. Lee
C. Jefferson Davis
D. John C. Calhoun
 Who was the commander of the Confederate Army?
A. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
B. William T. Sherman
C. Robert E. Lee
D. Ulysses S. Grant
Battle of Fort Sumter
 The Battle of Fort
Sumter was the
bombardment and
surrender of Fort Sumter
near Charleston, South
Carolina, that started the
American Civil War.
 This was the first battle
of the Civil War.
Battle of Antietam
 The first major battle in the
American Civil War to take
place on Northern soil.
 It was the bloodiest single-day
battle in American history, with
about 23,000 casualties.
 The northern victory to give
President Abraham Lincoln the
confidence to announce his
Emancipation Proclamation,
which discouraged the British
and French governments from
potential plans for recognition
of the Confederacy.
Battle of Vicksburg
 The Union laid siege to
the city for 40 days.
 The loss of Vicksburg
yielded command of the
Mississippi River to the
Union forces, which
would hold it for the rest
of the conflict.
Battle of Gettysburg
 The Battle of Gettysburg
was the battle with the
largest number of
casualties in the
American Civil War.
 It is often described as
the war's turning point.
 From this point on, the
North started to attack
the South and win the
war.
Battle for Atlanta
 The Atlanta Campaign was a
series of battles fought
throughout northwest
Georgia and the area around
Atlanta, Georgia.
 This campaign lead to the
eventual fall of Atlanta and
hastening the end of the
American Civil War.
 The Atlanta Campaign was
followed by Sherman's March
to the Sea.
 The March to the Sea
destroyed the South’s ability
to continue the war.
 The first battle of the Civil War occurred at
A. Atlanta
B. Antietam
C. Gettysburg
D. Fort Sumter
 Which of the following was the opening battle of the
Civil War?
A. The Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863
B. The Battle of Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861
C. The First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas), July 21,
1861
D. The Battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862
Emancipation Proclamation
 It declared the freedom of all slaves in any state of the
Confederate States of America that did not return to Union
control by January 1, 1863.
 Although most slaves were not freed immediately, the
Proclamation brought freedom to thousands of slaves the
day it went into effect in parts of nine of the ten states to
which it applied.
 The Proclamation provided the legal framework for the
emancipation of nearly all four million slaves as the Union
armies advanced, and committed the Union morally to
ending slavery.
 Which was a controversial decision even in the North.
 Which document only symbolically freed the Southern
slaves, but created a moral focus for the Civil War?
A. The Thirteenth Amendment
B. The Gettysburg Address
C. The Emancipation Proclamation
D. The Fugitive Slave Law
 Why was the Emancipation Proclamation limited in its
scope?
A. It only applied to enslaved people living under the
Confederacy.
B. It freed the enslaved only for a year.
C. It prohibited blacks from serving in the military.
D. It fostered negotiations between the North and South
to end the war.
 Why was Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation
significant?
A. It freed all slaves.
B. It restored the Union.
C. It created the spoils system.
D. It established a moral cause for the war.
North
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More industry
Larger population
More railroads
Established government
Established Army
Established Navy
More telegraph lines
Economy balanced
between industry and
agriculture
v.
South
 Better trained officers
 Most of war fought in
their own territory
 Defensive strategy
 The South was fighting
to preserve its way of life.
 As the nation entered the Civil War, the Union had
several advantages over the South. Which of the
following factors was a Southern advantage?
A. Amount of population
B. Location of most battles
C. Amount of industry
D. Location of railroad tracks
The End
 Robert E. Lee
surrendered to Ulysses S.
Grant at Appomattox
Court House.
 Grant did not allow
celebration because the
southern soldiers were
once again U.S. citizens.
 How did the Civil War affect the economy of the
South?
A. It rebounded during the war through the manufacture
of war goods.
B. It destroyed its infrastructure and farm fields, and
resulted in a shortage of goods.
C. It remained steady as people went to work making
clothes for the army.
D. It increased the need for farm items, resulting in
higher profits for farmers.
 What was a result of the Civil War?
A. The federal government was weakened.
B. Slavery was allowed to extend to the West.
C. The Union was preserved.
D. The Confederacy remained a separate nation.
 On April 10, 1865, Robert E. Lee surrendered the
Northern Virginia Army at Appomattox Court House,
Virginia. This signaled the end of
A. The Seven Years’ War
B. The Mexican-American War
C. The Civil War
D. The Spanish-American War