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Civil War Test Review
Fort Sumter
The Civil War began when Confederate artillery fired on this fort in South Carolina
Emancipation Proclamation
redefined the war as being “about slavery.”
Reasons for the Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln was forced to do something to take a stand on slavery
Reasons for higher death toll in the war
was the use of more accurate rifles and deadlier bullets.
Civil War effect on Northern Industries
Industries became more mechanized.
North population vs. South Population
The North’s population was larger.
Southern geographic advantage
The South was fighting in its own territory.
Effect of the Battle of Bull Run
The battle was more brutal than people expected.
Battle of New Orleans
port on the Gulf of Mexico that was captured by Union forces led by David Farragut early
in the war
Main job for Women in the war
nursing
South’s Economy during the war
Deteriorated dramatically as the war progressed
Main goal in Western theater
Controlling the Mississippi River
Civil War affect States’ rights
The supremacy of the federal government over the states was firmly established.
Battle of Vicksburg
Battle of Gettysburg and results
Union forces led by General Grant captured the last fortress on the Mississippi River,
effectively cutting the Confederacy into two halves
Turning point of war; last time Confederate troops fought on Union soil; was bloodiest
battle of the war
Total War
Attacking military and civilian targets in an all-out effort to end fighting ;Union strategy
that aimed to cripple the South completely
Appomattox Courthouse
Place where Lee surrendered to Grant
Impact of Civil War on African Americans
After the Militia Act, African Americans fought for the Union.
Turning point of the War
The Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Petersburg
Long bloody battle foreshadowing trench warfare of World War I; Confederate defeat here
led to the fall of Richmond and the Confederacy; Confederates had no replacements
Militia Act
law that required the Union to accept black soldiers
Anaconda Plan
Union strategy to control the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy
Contraband
the spoils of war
Income Tax
introduced to help fund the war in the North
Legal Tender Act of 1862
authorized the use of paper notes to pay the government’s bills, ending the policy of using
only gold or silver in transactions
Clara Barton
nurse who started the American branch of the Red Cross
Stonewall Jackson
Confederate general who won the first major battle of the Civil War
Conscription
system of enforced military service instituted in the North
13th amendment
abolished slavery in the United States
Sherman’s “March to the Sea”
1864-Union General Sherman marched from Atlanta to Savannah, destroying everything in
his path- Total War
Medical Practices
Very primitive, infection and disease were biggest killers of the war
Reasons Lee went to PA, MD
Lee wanted to take the pressure off of the people of Northern Virginia, collect supplies for
his army, and win a big victory to gain support from European countries