Download Chest and Abdomen

Chest and Abdomen
The Thoracic Cage (Rib Cage)
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Rib Cage-12 PAIRS OF RIBS
 True Ribs (1-7)
 False Ribs (8-10)
 Floating Ribs (11 & 12)
 Sternum
 Costal Cartilage
 Thoracic Vertebrae
Number the page 1-6 & fill in blanks
(start from the top)
Structures of Respiration
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Upper Respiratory Tract
 Nasal cavity
 Pharynx
 Larynx
► Lower
Tract
Respiratory
 Trachea
 Bronchial tree
Respiratory Pathway
1. Nasal cavity
► The internal portion of the nose; it
warms, filters, and moistens the air
we breathe
2. Oral cavity
► The mouth; another place where
breathing can take place
3. Pharynx
► The throat; extends from the nasal
cavity to the larynx and serves as a
passageway for both digestive &
respiratory systems
4. Larynx
► Enlargement at the top of the
trachea; passageway for air &
houses the vocal cords
Respiratory Pathway
5. Trachea
► Rigid tube that connects
larynx to the bronchial tree;
passageway for air & filters
air
6. Bronchial Tree
► Branched tubes that lead
from trachea to alveoli; filters
air
7. Lungs
► Soft cone-shaped organs that
occupy most of the thoracic
cavity; contain air passages,
alveoli & blood vessels.
► Gas exchange occurs in the
alveoli of the lungs
Respiratory System Function
► Supply
oxygen (O2) to
the cells of the body
► Eliminate Carbon
Dioxide (CO2) from the
body
► Nasal
Upper Respiratory Tract:
Nasal Cavity
Conchae
 Warms the air
► Nasal
Cilia
 Filters the air
► Nasal
mucus
 Moistens the air
Upper Respiratory Tract:
Pharynx
► The
throat
► Extends from the
nasal cavity to the
larynx
► Serves as a
passageway for
both digestive &
respiratory systems
Upper Respiratory Tract:
Larynx
► Enlargement
at the top
of the trachea
► Passageway for air
► Houses the vocal cords
Lower Respiratory Tract:
Trachea
►Rigid
tube that
connects larynx to
the bronchial tree
► Passageway for
air
► Filters air
Lower Respiratory Tract:
Bronchial Tree
► Branched
tubes that
lead from trachea to
alveoli
► Filters air
How does the respiratory system
filter the air we breath?
► Mucus
membranes
help trap debris &
carry it out of body
► Cilia filters out dust
& other particles
 Expelled through
coughing, blowing
nose, or sneezing
 Swallowing
Visceral & Parietal Pleura
► Visceral
pleura
covers the lungs
► Parietal pleura lines
the thoracic wall
Pleural Cavity
► Contains
a small
amount of pleural
fluid which has 3
main functions:
 Lubrication
 Reducing heat buildup
 Create surface tension
to cause lung to
remain against the
thoracic wall
Mechanics of Respiration
►Change
in thoracic volume
 Move the ribs
 Move the diaphragm
►Air
flows from high to low pressure
 Difference of pressure in the air vs. the
alveoli
Mechanics of Respiration:
Change in Thoracic Volume
Inspiration
► Ribs
elevate
► Diaphragm moves
down (contracts)
► Thoracic cavity
enlarges
► Air is pulled into
lungs
The Thoracic Cage Movement:
Inspiration
Expiration
► Ribs
move down
► Diaphragm moves
up (relaxes)
► Thoracic cavity gets
smaller
► Air is pushed out of
lungs
The Thoracic Cage Movement:
Expiration
LUNG MODEL
► http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFUu-
pn7Qtg
► Label the 4 parts of the model, and 3 parts
that we can’t see. Then answer the
questions.
Organs of the abdominal cavity
► Stomach-major
organ of
digestion located in upper
left quadrant
► Small Intestine- final
absorbed food happens
here, undigested food
moves on to the large
intestine.
Organs of the abdominal cavity
► Liver-
largest organ in the abdominal cavity,
upper right quadrant, basically a large filter
for products of digestion from the small
intestine
► Kidney- one on either side of the upper
quadrants, they filter things and send them
to the bladder.
Disorders and Injuries
Asthma
Kidney Contusion
Rib Contusion
Liver Contusion
► Rib Fracture
Spleen Injury
► Chest Contusion
Hernia
► Myocardial Contusion/Aortic Rupture
► Sudden Death Syndrome in Athletes
► Pneumothorax
► Hempneumothorax
► Plumonary Contusions
► Blow to Solar Plexus
► Hyperventilation
► Side Stitch
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