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Chest and Abdomen The Thoracic Cage (Rib Cage) ► Rib Cage-12 PAIRS OF RIBS True Ribs (1-7) False Ribs (8-10) Floating Ribs (11 & 12) Sternum Costal Cartilage Thoracic Vertebrae Number the page 1-6 & fill in blanks (start from the top) Structures of Respiration ► Upper Respiratory Tract Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx ► Lower Tract Respiratory Trachea Bronchial tree Respiratory Pathway 1. Nasal cavity ► The internal portion of the nose; it warms, filters, and moistens the air we breathe 2. Oral cavity ► The mouth; another place where breathing can take place 3. Pharynx ► The throat; extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx and serves as a passageway for both digestive & respiratory systems 4. Larynx ► Enlargement at the top of the trachea; passageway for air & houses the vocal cords Respiratory Pathway 5. Trachea ► Rigid tube that connects larynx to the bronchial tree; passageway for air & filters air 6. Bronchial Tree ► Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli; filters air 7. Lungs ► Soft cone-shaped organs that occupy most of the thoracic cavity; contain air passages, alveoli & blood vessels. ► Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs Respiratory System Function ► Supply oxygen (O2) to the cells of the body ► Eliminate Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from the body ► Nasal Upper Respiratory Tract: Nasal Cavity Conchae Warms the air ► Nasal Cilia Filters the air ► Nasal mucus Moistens the air Upper Respiratory Tract: Pharynx ► The throat ► Extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx ► Serves as a passageway for both digestive & respiratory systems Upper Respiratory Tract: Larynx ► Enlargement at the top of the trachea ► Passageway for air ► Houses the vocal cords Lower Respiratory Tract: Trachea ►Rigid tube that connects larynx to the bronchial tree ► Passageway for air ► Filters air Lower Respiratory Tract: Bronchial Tree ► Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli ► Filters air How does the respiratory system filter the air we breath? ► Mucus membranes help trap debris & carry it out of body ► Cilia filters out dust & other particles Expelled through coughing, blowing nose, or sneezing Swallowing Visceral & Parietal Pleura ► Visceral pleura covers the lungs ► Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall Pleural Cavity ► Contains a small amount of pleural fluid which has 3 main functions: Lubrication Reducing heat buildup Create surface tension to cause lung to remain against the thoracic wall Mechanics of Respiration ►Change in thoracic volume Move the ribs Move the diaphragm ►Air flows from high to low pressure Difference of pressure in the air vs. the alveoli Mechanics of Respiration: Change in Thoracic Volume Inspiration ► Ribs elevate ► Diaphragm moves down (contracts) ► Thoracic cavity enlarges ► Air is pulled into lungs The Thoracic Cage Movement: Inspiration Expiration ► Ribs move down ► Diaphragm moves up (relaxes) ► Thoracic cavity gets smaller ► Air is pushed out of lungs The Thoracic Cage Movement: Expiration LUNG MODEL ► http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFUu- pn7Qtg ► Label the 4 parts of the model, and 3 parts that we can’t see. Then answer the questions. Organs of the abdominal cavity ► Stomach-major organ of digestion located in upper left quadrant ► Small Intestine- final absorbed food happens here, undigested food moves on to the large intestine. Organs of the abdominal cavity ► Liver- largest organ in the abdominal cavity, upper right quadrant, basically a large filter for products of digestion from the small intestine ► Kidney- one on either side of the upper quadrants, they filter things and send them to the bladder. Disorders and Injuries Asthma Kidney Contusion Rib Contusion Liver Contusion ► Rib Fracture Spleen Injury ► Chest Contusion Hernia ► Myocardial Contusion/Aortic Rupture ► Sudden Death Syndrome in Athletes ► Pneumothorax ► Hempneumothorax ► Plumonary Contusions ► Blow to Solar Plexus ► Hyperventilation ► Side Stitch ► ►