Download chapter15earthquakes..

Chapter 15 Earth Science Summary and Review
Alex Chen
Galloway/P5
May 28, 2003
1: The (c) focus is the point beneath the Earth’s surface where rock breaks apart and
moves.
2: (b) Faulting is one major cause of earthquakes.
3: A (k) seismograph is an instrument used to detect earthquakes.
4: All earthquake waves are (j) seismic waves.
5: The fastest moving earthquake wave is the (h) primary wave.
6: The point on the Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s focus is the (a)
epicenter.
7: The amount of energy released by an earthquake is the (f) magnitude.
8: The type of earthquake wave that travels slowest is the (e) long wave.
9: The boundary between the crust and the mantle is the (g) Moho.
10: A region around the Earth where neither P-waves or S-waves can be detected is the
(l) shadow zone.
11: The Richter scale measures an earthquake’s (a) magnitude.
12: The effects of an earthquake depend on (d) the strength of the seismic waves, what
the ground is made of, and the type of structure in the area.
13: Earthquake damage is usually greatest (b) at the epicenter.
14: Most deaths and injuries during earthquakes are the result of (b) collapsing buildings
and fire.
15: Scientists believe that the Earth’s outer core is liquid because (b) S-waves cannot
travel through it.
16: A band circling the Earth, in which no seismic waves from an earthquake can be
detected, is the (a) shadow zone.
17: The order of speed of seismic waves is (c) P-waves, S-waves, L-waves.
18: The Elastic Rebound Theory states that earthquakes are caused by (c) the snapping
back of rocks when they break under great forces.
19: As seismic waves pass from the crust to the mantle, they (b) speed up.
20: Which of the following would an earthquake affect the least? (a) a building in the
shadow zone.
21: The major earthquake zones are the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Mediterranean Belt, and
the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
22: Two measurements scientists can make about earthquakes are intensity and
magnitude.
23: Earthquakes are caused by faulting, which is basically the movement of rocks along a
fault line. There are several types of faulting; all with different causes; but with the effect
of an earthquake.
24: The Earth’s interior is divided into four layers, which are, in order from outside to
inside: Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core.
25: Three effects of earthquakes are the shaking of a ground for at least a few seconds,
landslides, and tsunamis.